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9781931641234

The Gateway to the Sahara

  • ISBN13:

    9781931641234

  • ISBN10:

    1931641234

  • Format: Paperback
  • Copyright: 2001-07-01
  • Publisher: Lightning Source Inc

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Summary

June, 1904, found me a second time in North Africa, previously it was Morocco, the western most outpost of the Orient, now it was Tripoli, the easternmost state of Barbary. A specially vised Turkish passport let me into The Gateway to the Sahara -- the first American to enter in two years.

Table of Contents

Historical Notep. xxiii
A sketch of Tripolitania from prehistoric times to today
Tripoli in Barbaryp. 1
Tripoli
Its political and geographical status
Description
Tripoli's seclusion from Mediterranean highways
Its coast-line
Tripolitania
Government
Location
Landing
Customs
Tragedy at well
Quarters
The Arbar-Arsat
Beggars
Ophthalmia
Types
Native races of Tripoli
Foreigners
Religious classification
Picturesque aspects
Roman ruins
Arch of Marcus Aurelius
Population
Bazaars
Types
Visual impressions
Stealing camels
Superstition of the "evil eye"
Fetiches
Turkish Club
The Castle
Tragedy of an escaped prisoner
Town Scenes and Incidentsp. 23
View from Lokanda
Building construction
A flood
Night sounds
Wedding procession
A thief
The Mosque of the Steps
A romance
A night adventure
The country of thirst
Tripoli contrasts
Arab character
Islamism
An Arab house
Moorish women
Old silver
Turkish taxation and tithes
Tripolitan character
Outside the Wallsp. 38
Agriculture
Yoke of taxation
Cultivable areas
Ancient customs
Soil, rain, and crops
Meaning of oasis
Method of irrigation
Tripoli from the desert
Date palms
Their value--Markets or suks
Transportation
Horses
Description of the Tuesday Market
A market crowd
A knife seller
Character of Arab merchants
An Arab sharper
Arab barbers
Fruit
Corn sellers
Butcher shops
A marabout
Coffee houses
A mental mirage
Two points of view
Salam, A Hausa Slavep. 52
Black nomads
Salam
Slave statistics
Hausaland
Hausas
Slavery
Slave rights
Slave traffic
Tribute-paying system
Freedom
Salam's capture
Slave life
Gambling
Cowries
Gambling away freedom
Bashaws' persecution
Salam's master resists Bashaw
Salam sold
Kano
Trade of Kano and Sudan
Tuaregs
Products of Kano
Slave caravans
Kola nuts
Salam's journey
A Tuareg fight
Kola nuts
Salam sold several times
His master Hadji Ahmed
Escapes to Ouragla
Tends camels
Second escape
Sufferings of the journey
Reach Ghadames
Sent to Tripoli
Arrival in Tripoli
Obtains freedom
Sala Heba
Hadji Ahmed again
Plan for Salam's recapture
Scheme foiled
A Sudanese dance
A brush with Black fanatics
Salam's courage
The Masked Tuaregsp. 77
The masked Tuaregs
Tuareg confederation
Tuareg territory
Character
Methods of brigandage
Dangers of the trails
Reprisals
Tuareg convoys
Adventure of two French officers
Tuaregs of white race
Religion
Character
Massacre of White Fathers
Flatters expedition
Marriage
Women
Social system
Tuareg slaves
First Tuaregs seen
Tuareg costumes
Weapons
Shadowing
Unsuccessful attempt to photograph them
Asgar Tuaregs
Bartering
The Tuareg mask
The Sect of the Senusi
The telek and other Tuareg weapons
The Asgars again
The picture obtained
The Discovery of the U.S. Frigate "Philadelphia"p. 100
The Mediterranean
Bashaws' Castle
Grounding of U. S. Frigate Philadelphia
The surrender
The burning by Decatur
Local traditions
Jewish records found
Hadji-el-Ouachi
An Arab tradition
The old Arab's story
Old guns
Bushagour's houses
More specific results
Start to explore harbor
Discovery of a vessel's ribs below water
The Philadelphia
Diving
Condition of the vessel
Second expedition with machine boats and sponge divers
Size, position, and location of wreck determined
Third and last expedition
Sponge divers again
Parts brought to surface
The Greek Sponge Diversp. 120
Tripoli's three principal industries
Minor industries and resources
Tripoli Harbor
Commerce of Port of Tripoli
Casualties of one month
Quicksands and reefs
Barbary ports
Arab galleys
Exports
The sponge grounds
Some unpleasant facts
Treatment of Greek sponge divers
Greek hospital staff
Methods of diving
Divers' paralysis
Theory concerning it
Cure
A fatal case
Aboard a sponge boat
Methods of fishing
A sponge fleet
Depth and time of diving
Diver and shark
Preparing for the season
Outfitting
Contract conditions
Pay
The day's work
Preparing for the descent
The descent
Obtaining sponges
Qualities
What the diver sees
Manner of ascent
Brutality practised
Preparation of sponges
Value
Bleaching
Night on a sponge boat
The end of the season
The Esparto Pickersp. 145
Esparto grass or halfa
Esparto regions
Esparto pickers
Description of grass
Wages
Methods of gathering
Dangers
Consequences
Loading camels
Halfa season
Transporting
Dangers en route
Importance of esparto trade
Its use
Amount exported
The Suk-el-Halfa
Methods of auctioning the scales
Methods of buying
Market values
Weighing
Ancient devices
Transferring to private suks
An accident
Black workers
A sad scene
Qualities of esparto
Scorpions
Hydraulic presses
Baling up
The day's work
Paying off
The Black village
An incoming steamer
Exportation of halfa
American shipping
Preparing halfa for shipment
Manner of shipping
Disasters
Thieving propensities of stevedores
A dire instance
Relative importance of trade
A summing up
Its other uses
The Caravan Tradep. 173
The gateway to the Sahara
The Sahara
Area
Population
The trade routes
Ghadames
The Caravan trade
Tripoli merchants
Profits and losses
Caravans
Sudanese marts
The voyage
Cargoes
Camels used
Caravan sheiks
The firman
Privilege for an Occidental to travel
Securing a dragoman
Outfitting
The horse-trader
Starting with a caravan
Meeting the caravan sheik
Mohammed Ga-wah-je
Through the oasis
A caravan on the march at night
A stop at Fonduk-el-Tajura
Fonduks described
The caravan at rest
The day's fare
Night in the fonduk
The start
Early morning
The desert
Caravan trails
The warm rains
Wells
Manner of travelling
The midday rest
Uses and abuses of the baracan
Passing caravans
Desert Incidentsp. 193
Bedawi
Manner of life
Occupations
Women
Appearances
Labor
Social system
A home-ward-bound caravan
Its merchandise
A high temperature
Monotony of travel
Fascination of little things
Caravaneers
Desert thieves
The sand-storm
Murzuk
Slaves
The Sect of the Senusi
A bit of deception
A camp in a garden
Night marauders
The old caravaneer's story
A caravan attacked
Value of goods lost
Tripoli's caravan trade diminishing
Camel Trailsp. 208
Acquaintance with the camel
An epitome of the desert
His history
Kinds of camels
Bargaining
Breeds of camels
Meaning of dromedary
Riding a baggager
Driving a camel
Camels in market
Feeding
The camel market
Breeding places
Camel raisers
Buying a camel
Biters
Means of defence and attack
Character
Camel doctor
Passing in a narrow way
A mehari or riding camel
Comparison with draft camel
Manner of riding
Equipment
Travelling ability of mehara
Dismounting
Closer acquaintance with the camel
Physical characteristics
Hallil and his white nakat (she camel)
Drinking
Adjustment of loads
Saddles
Camel's adaptation to environment
Desert songs
Camel lore
A black camel
Manner of driving camels
Punishment
Mortality
Dangers of bad ground
Old Bakri and his blind camel
A camel's last days
A Night's Ride with Arab Banditsp. 234
Desert travelling
People met with
Consideration of diet
Clothes
Camping outfit
Obtaining food
Birds
Bedawi
Boundary marks
Hard travelling
Muraiche suspected
Arrival at Khoms
The burden of the trail
Audience with Governor
Visit Roman ruins
A Roman harbor
Grounds for suspicion
Men mutiny
Start for Kussabat delayed
Good advice
A late start
View of Khoms
Guard unwelcome
Leadership decided
Night schemes
Apprehensions
Small caravan passed
Followed by thieves
Attempt to ambush
Strategy necessary
Use Muraiche as screen
Ali tries to run
Mohammed attempts to strike
Reached Kussabat
Sleep on a fonduk roof
The reason for treachery
Guard leaves
Journey continued
A brief rest
A night's sleep
A Desert Episodep. 263
A desert fortress
Suspected
A desert hostelry
Native curiosity
A Turkish officer
Cross examination
Firman demanded
Officer intrudes
An unwelcome invitation
An Arabian night
The Turk returns
Attempts force
Remain at lokanda
Lokanda locked for the night
Go outside
Lokanda under surveillance
Awakened by soldier
Officer appears
Accompanies us
Later sends soldiers
Fast travelling
The guards tire
Guards eluded
Accosted by Zabtie
Reach Tripoli
See Pasha
The Desertp. 279
The call of the desert
Its areas
Character
Desert races
Water
Wells
Sand formations
Sandstorms
Passing caravans
Desert as a highway
Ancient peoples
Economic possibilities
Economic value of desert
Past and present
A desert theory
Sudan encroaching
A desert night
Tripoli today and to-morrow
Libia Italianap. 298
Peaceful Tripoli
First shell fired
Tripoli demoralized
Mediterranean and balance of power
Pan-Germanism
Chauvinism
Triple Alliance
Berlin Treaty and Tripolitania
Tobruk Bay
Causes of Italian aggression and ultimatum
"Sick Man of Europe"
Spies in Tripolitania
Moral, political, and military view-points
Respective navies
Turks scuttle their ships
Tripoli defences
Nechet Bey
Humanity of Turks
Oasis an armed camp
Desert phantoms
North African campaign compared
Desert warfare
Transportation and water
Italy's plan of campaign
Cafes and "movies"
Sand sculptures
Campaign scourges
Italian military resources
Turkish resources
Pan-Islamism
Secret sect of the Senousi
Enver Bey
Desert communication
Airships and automobiles
Italian reprisals
Turks wonderful fighters
The Peace of Lausanne
Some treaty terms
Italian sovereignty proclaimed from Castle
The Price of a Colonyp. 328
Italy's real-estate venture
Its cost
Turkey now a connected empire
Cost of the war
Its monetary levy enormous
Fearful toll in men
Cost of developing Tripolitania
Its comerce
Labor
Arabs migrating
Crowded Italy
An economic viewpoint
Of three El Dorados
Which?
Hard times a war result
Methods of obtaining water
Floods
Date palms
Other products
Effect of over-taxation
The great carriers
Harnessing rivers
Ancient cultivators
Progress of Italian occupation
Organizing native troops
Continued fighting
Methods of Amelioration
Arab police
Hassuna Pasha
Administration
Improvements
Aftermath in Italy of the war
Schools for Arabs
Restoration of old arch
Harbor projects
Grave of the Philadelphia
Commerce and trade
Tripolitania a long problem
Comparison with Tunisia and Algeria
Does war pay to the victor?
The new Italy
The new Tripoli
Glossaryp. 355
Indexp. 359
Table of Contents provided by Syndetics. All Rights Reserved.

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