9780199693078

Germany and the Holy Roman Empire offers a striking new interpretation of a crucial era in German and European history, from the great reforms of 1495-1500 to the dissolution of the Reich in 1806. Over two volumes, Joachim Whaley rejects the notion that this was a long period of decline, and shows instead how imperial institutions developed in response to the crises of the sixteenth and seventeenth centuries, notably the Reformation and Thirty Years War. The impact of international developments on the Reich is also examined.

Joachim Whaley read History at Christ's College Cambridge. He held Fellowships in History at Christ's College and Robinson College before becoming a Lecturer in German in the Faculty of Modern and Medieval Languages at Cambridge, where he teaches German history, thought, and language. He is the author of Religious Toleration and Social Change in Hamburg 1529-1819 and of numerous articles on early modern and modern German history. He was elected a Fellow of the Royal Historical Society in 1984.

A Note on Terminology and Usage	p. xii
A Note on Maps and Online Resources	p. xiv
Abbreviations	p. xvi
List of Maps	p. xvii
Maps	p. xix, xxi
Introduction to Volume 2: From the Peace of Westphalia to the Dissolution of the Reich in 1806	p. xxiii
Reconstruction and Resurgence, 1648-1705: The Reich Under Ferdinand III and Leopold I
Historians and the Reich after the Thirty Years War	p. 3
The Last Years of Ferdinand III: Western Leagues and Northern Wars	p. 10
From Ferdinand III to Leopold I	p. 18
Leopold I and his Foreign Enemies	p. 28
A New Turkish Threat	p. 42
Renewed Conflict with France	p. 46
The Emperor, the Perpetual Reichstag, the Kreise, and Imperial Justice	p. 53
Imperial Networks: the Reichskirche and the Imperial Cities	p. 66
The Imperial Court at Vienna and Dynastic Elevations in the Reich	p. 70
The Nature of the Reich: Projects and Culture	p. 79
Interpretations of the Leopoldine Reich	p. 95
Consolidation and Crisis, 1705-1740: The Reich Under Joseph I and Charles VI
Two Wars and Three Emperors	p. 105
Leopold I, Joseph I, and the War of Spanish Succession	p. 108
Joseph I and the Government of the Reich	p. 120
Charles VI: Fruition or Decline?	p. 129
Conflicting Priorities: c. 1714-c. 1730	p. 136
Charles VI and the Government of the Reich	p. 142
The Return of Confessional Politics?	p. 150
The Problem of the Austrian Succession	p. 158
The Ebb of Imperial Power, 1733-1740?	p. 163
The Reich in Print	p. 169
The German Territories, c. 1648-c. 1760
An Age of Absolutism?	p. 187
Contemporary Perceptions: From Reconstruction to Early Enlightenment	p. 192
The Smaller Territories	p. 202
Austria and Brandenburg-Prussia	p. 213
The Revival of the Court and the Development of Territorial Government	p. 221
The Court: Its Culture, its Functions, and its Critics	p. 224
The Development of Military Power	p. 234
Princes and Estates	p. 241
An Oppressed Peasantry?	p. 249
Government and Society	p. 257
Government and Economic Development	p. 270
Public and Private Enterprise	p. 277
Christian Polities: Baroque Catholicism	p. 287
Christian Polities: The Territories of the Reichskirche	p. 299
Christian Polities: Protestant Orthodoxy and Renewal	p. 307
From Coexistence to Toleration?	p. 322
Enlightenment and Patriotism	p. 330
Decline or Maturity? the Reich from Charles VII to Leopold II, c. 1740-1792
Three Emperors and a King	p. 347
Silesian Wars, 1740-1763	p. 352
Managing the Reich without the Habsburgs: Charles VII (1742-1745)	p. 366
The Return of the Habsburgs: Francis I (1745-1765)	p. 379
The Reich without Enemies? Germany and Europe, 1763-1792	p. 393
Renewal: Joseph II, 1765-c 1776	p. 409
The Great Reform Debate: Joseph II, c. 1778-1790	p. 417
Restoration: Leopold II, 1790-1792	p. 427
Central and Intermediate Institutions of the Reich	p. 432
The Reich, the Public Sphere, and the Nation	p. 438
The German Territories After c. 1760
Enlightenment and the Problem of Reform	p. 447
Crisis and Opportunity	p. 453
The Challenge of the Enlightenment and the Public Sphere	p. 460
Protestant, Catholic, and Jewish Aufklärung	p. 470
Aufklärung and Government	p. 485
Cameralism, Physiocracy, and the Provisioning of Society	p. 494
Economic Policy: Manufactures, Guilds, Welfare, and Taxation	p. 503
Administration, Law, and Justice	p. 513
Education and Toleration	p. 517
Courts and Culture	p. 527
The Impact of Reform: Immunity against Revolution?	p. 542
War and Dissolution: The Reich, 1792-1806
Ruptures and Continuities	p. 557
The Reich in the Revolutionary Wars	p. 565
Reverberations of the French Revolution in the Reich: Unrest and Uprisings	p. 583
Reverberations of the French Revolution in the Reich: Intellectuals	p. 592
Schemes for the Reform of the Reich in the 1790s	p. 602
The Peace of Lunéville (1801) and the Reichsdeputationshauptschluss (1803)	p. 614
The Transformation of the Reich, 1803-1805	p. 623
Final Attempts at Reform and the Dissolution of the Reich, 1806	p. 636
Conclusion	p. 645
Glossary of German and other Terms	p. 651
Bibliography	p. 657
Index	p. 719
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Germany and the Holy Roman Empire Volume II: The Peace of Westphalia to the Dissolution of the Reich, 1648-1806

0199693072

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