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9780131892606

Global Perspectives: A Handbook For Understanding Global Issues

by ;
  • ISBN13:

    9780131892606

  • ISBN10:

    0131892606

  • Edition: 2nd
  • Format: Paperback
  • Copyright: 2006-01-01
  • Publisher: Prentice Hall
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Summary

This book provides a multidisciplinary vocabulary for explaining general issues and trends facing the contemporary world involving cultural diversity, economic development, the natural environment, and international peace and violence. It affords equal time to the analysis of global issues using alternative perspectives. Eight major case studies --one for each of the central issues explored--encourage the application of concepts and perspectives presented in the narrative. These perspectives include Ethnicity and Global Diversity, Economic Development, Human Ecological Sustainability, World Ecology, and Peace and War. For individuals interested in an introduction to world issues--as they relate to anthropology, sociology, history, and political science.

Table of Contents

Preface xi
1 Introduction to the Modern World Perceptions of the World 1(19)
The Physical World
2(1)
The Political World
2(1)
The Ethnic World
2(1)
Emergence of the Modern World
3(6)
The World in 1350
3(2)
Early European Expansion: 1400's to Early 1600
5(1)
Later European Expansion: 1600's to Early 1900's
6(3)
Definition of the Modern State
9(1)
Territory
9(1)
Government
9(1)
A Loyal Population
9(1)
Recognition of Other States
9(1)
Trends of the Post-World War II World
10(5)
U.S. Leadership
10(2)
The Soviet Challenge
12(1)
The End of Colonialism
13(1)
Increasing Interconnections
14(1)
Globalization
15(3)
Exponential Increases in International Economic Transactions
15(1)
Integration of International/Global Economic Decision Making
15(1)
Strengthened Political International Governmental Organizations
16(1)
Increases in International Nongovernmental Contacts and Communication
16(2)
TERMS AND CONCEPTS
18(1)
DISCUSSION QUESTIONS
18(1)
RESEARCH PROJECTS
18(1)
INTERNET RESOURCES
18(2)
2 Ethnicity and Global Diversity 20(21)
Culture: the Definition of Humanity
21(5)
Culture Change
22(1)
Culture and Economic Adaptations
23(3)
Cultures, Subcultures, and Other Cultural Classifications
26(7)
Ethnic Groups
26(1)
Indigenous Peoples
27(1)
Immigration
28(1)
Races
29(1)
Sex
30(1)
Gender
31(1)
Classes
32(1)
Reactions to Diversity
33(1)
Ethnocentrism
33(1)
Cultural Relativity
33(1)
Racism and Sexism
34(1)
Case Study: Female Genital Surgery
34(5)
Ethnocentrism
37(1)
Gender/Sex
38(1)
Summary
38(1)
TERMS AND CONCEPTS
39(1)
DISCUSSION QUESTIONS
39(1)
RESEARCH PROJECTS
39(1)
INTERNET RESOURCES
40(1)
3 Perspectives on Ethnicity and Global Diversity 41(20)
Globalism
42(2)
Assimilation
42(1)
Acculturation
43(1)
Syncretism
44(1)
State Primacy
44(3)
Patriotism
45(1)
Subjugation
46(1)
Paternalism
46(1)
Critiques from the Globalism Perspective
46(1)
Cultural Pluralism
47(4)
Tolerance
47(1)
Diversity Within States
48(1)
Diversity Between States
49(1)
Critiques from the Globalism and State Primacy Perspectives
50(1)
Synthesis
51(1)
Case Study: Nunavut: A New Territory for an Indigenous Nation
51(5)
Gathering-and-Hunting Cultures
52(1)
Changes
52(2)
Inuit Nationalism
54(1)
The Territory of Nunavut
54(1)
Analysis
55(1)
Perspectives Applied to Nunavut
56(3)
A View from the Globalism Perspective
57(1)
A View from the State Primacy Perspective
57(1)
A View from the Cultural Pluralism Perspective
58(1)
TERMS AND CONCEPTS
59(1)
DISCUSSION QUESTIONS
60(1)
RESEARCH PROJECTS
60(1)
INTERNET RESOURCES
60(1)
4 Economic Development 61(26)
Defining the Issue
63(4)
Underdevelopment: A Vicious Cycle
67(3)
Dual Economy
67(1)
Low Productivity
68(1)
Insufficient Capital
68(1)
Lack of Human Services
68(2)
The Colonial Legacy
70(2)
Outside Interventions
72(3)
Trade
72(1)
Aid
73(1)
Private Investment
74(1)
Technical Assistance
74(1)
Other Factors
75(4)
Lack of Social Cohesion
75(2)
Insufficient Natural Resources
77(1)
Explosive Population Growth
77(2)
Case Study: Namibia as a Developing Country
79(6)
Political and Social Factors
80(2)
Interrelated, Structural Economic Factors
82(2)
External Sources of Capital
84(1)
Summary
85(1)
TERMS AND CONCEPTS
85(1)
DISCUSSION QUESTIONS
86(1)
RESEARCH PROJECTS
86(1)
INTERNET RESOURCES
86(1)
5 Perspectives on Economic Development 87(20)
Liberal Economics
87(3)
Comparative Advantage
88(1)
Needed Policies
88(2)
Dependency
90(5)
Structural Inequality-Neocolonialism
90(1)
Government Intervention
91(1)
International Economic System
92(2)
Critique from the Liberal Economics Perspective
94(1)
Participatory Development
95(3)
Local Decision Making
96(1)
Available Technology
96(1)
Environmental Compatibility
96(1)
Critiques from the Liberal Economics and Dependency Perspectives
97(1)
Case Study: From Peasants to Farmers-Development in the Peruvian Highlands
98(5)
A Tale of Two Irrigation Channels
98(3)
Local Initiative
101(1)
Summary
102(1)
The Three Economic Perspectives Applied to the Case Study
103(2)
A View from the Liberal Economics Perspective
103(1)
A View from the Dependency Perspective
103(1)
A View from the Participatory Development Perspective
104(1)
TERMS AND CONCEPTS
105(1)
DISCUSSION QUESTIONS
105(1)
RESEARCH PROJECTS
105(1)
INTERNET RESOURCES
105(2)
6 Human Ecological Sustainability 107(24)
Ecosystems: The Nature of Environment
107(2)
Interrelationship of Environmental Systems
108(1)
Humans and the Environment
109(2)
Foraging
109(1)
Pastoralism
109(1)
Agriculturalism
110(1)
Industrialism
110(1)
Threats to Critical Resources
111(10)
Air
111(3)
Water
114(2)
Land
116(2)
Plants and Animals
118(2)
Resources in Balance
120(1)
Human Health
121(3)
Diseases
121(2)
Health Care
123(1)
Malnutrition
123(1)
Case Study: Brazil and the Tropical Rain Forest
124(5)
Amazonian Environment
125(1)
Economic Uses of the Amazon
126(2)
Indigenous Peoples
128(1)
Analysis
129(1)
TERMS AND CONCEPTS
129(1)
DISCUSSION QUESTIONS
130(1)
RESEARCH PROJECTS
130(1)
INTERNET RESOURCES
130(1)
7 Perspectives on World Ecology 131(20)
High Technology
132(2)
Shared Technology
134(3)
Critique from the High-Technology Perspective
136(1)
Appropriate Technology
137(2)
Critiques from the High-Technology and Shared-Technology Perspective
138(1)
Case Study: New Epidemics
139(6)
Perils of a Global Ecosystem
140(3)
Humans and Animals in the New Ecosystem
143(1)
Bioterrorism: Poisoning the Ecosystem
144(1)
Perspectives on the New Epidemics
145(4)
A View from the High-Technology Perspective
145(2)
A View from the Shared-Technology Perspective
147(1)
A View from the Appropriate-Technology Perspective
148(1)
TERMS AND CONCEPTS
149(1)
DISCUSSION QUESTIONS
149(1)
RESEARCH PROJECTS
149(1)
INTERNET RESOURCES
150(1)
8 Peace and War 151(28)
Anarchic Nature of the International System
152(3)
Sovereignty
153(1)
International Anarchy
153(1)
Power
154(1)
Interconnected Nature of the International System
155(3)
Model of Peace and War
158(13)
War Strategies
159(4)
Balance-of-Power Strategies
163(4)
International-Rule-of-Law Strategies
167(4)
Case Study: Gulf Wars I and II
171(5)
Macro Factors Causing the Wars
172(2)
Micro Analysis
174(2)
Legacy
176(1)
TERMS AND CONCEPTS
176(1)
DISCUSSION QUESTIONS
177(1)
RESEARCH PROJECTS
177(1)
INTERNET RESOURCES
177(2)
9 Perspectives on Peace and War 179(26)
State Sovereignty
180(2)
Deterrence and Military Power Paradoxes
181(1)
World Order
182(2)
One World
182(1)
Functional Interdependence
183(1)
U.S. Leadership
183(1)
World Government
183(1)
Critique from the State Sovereignty Perspective
184(1)
Ethnic Autonomy
184(2)
Critiques from the State Sovereignty and World Order Perspectives
186(1)
Case Study: The War in Bosnia-Three Peoples in Search of a State
186(12)
A Tangle of Participants
187(6)
The Dayton Accord
193(4)
Analysis
197(1)
Peace and War Perspectives Applied to the War in Bosnia
198(5)
A View from the State Sovereignty Perspective
199(1)
A View from the World Order Perspective
200(1)
A View from the Ethnic Autonomy Perspective
201(2)
TERMS AND CONCEPTS
203(1)
DISCUSSION QUESTIONS
203(1)
RESEARCH PROJECTS
203(1)
INTERNET RESOURCES
203(2)
Glossary 205(10)
References Cited 215(6)
Index 221

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