Global Perspectives : A Handbook for Understanding International Issues

by Kelleher, Ann; Klein, Laura

• ISBN13: 9780138523930
• ISBN10: 0138523932
• Format: Paperback
• Copyright: 1999-01-01
• Publisher: Pearson College Div

Summary

Suitable for courses in International Relations, this book provides a multidisciplinary vocabulary for explaining general issues and trends facing the contemporary world involving cultural diversity, economic development, the natural environment, and international peace and violence. It affords equal time to the analysis of global issues using alternative perspectives. Four major case studiesone for each of the four central issues exploredencourage the application of concepts and perspectives presented in the narrative. It is the perfect compliment to any introductory IR text.

Table of Contents

Preface	ix
A NOTE TO READERS	ix	(2)
A NOTE TO INSTRUCTORS	xi	(1)
ACKNOWLEDGMENTS	xii
1 Introduction to the Modern World	1	(15)
PERCEPTIONS OF THE WORLD	1	(2)
The Physical World	2	(1)
The Political World	2	(1)
The Ethnic World	2	(1)
EMERGENCE OF THE MODERN WORLD	3	(4)
The World in 1350	3	(2)
European Expansion (1400-1900)	5	(2)
DEFINITION OF THE MODERN STATE	7	(2)
TRENDS OF THE POST WORLD WAR II WORLD	9	(5)
US Leadership	9	(2)
The Soviet Challenge	11	(1)
The End of Colonialism	12	(1)
Increasing Interconnections	13	(1)
TERMS AND CONCEPTS	14	(1)
DISCUSSION QUESTIONS	15	(1)
RESEARCH PROJECTS	15	(1)
INTERNET RESOURCES	15	(1)
2 Ethnicity and Global Diversity	16	(21)
CULTURE: THE DEFINITION OF HUMANITY	17	(13)
Culture	17	(1)
Cultural Change	17	(3)
Culture and Economic Adaptation	20	(2)
Cultures, Subcultures, and other Classifications	22	(6)
Reactions to Diversity	28	(2)
CASE STUDY Nunavut: A New Territory for an Indigenous Nation	30	(5)
The Inuit of Nunavut	35	(1)
Analysis	35	(1)
TERMS AND CONCEPTS	35	(1)
DISCUSSION QUESTIONS	36	(1)
RESEARCH PROJECTS	36	(1)
INTERNET RESOURCES	36	(1)
3 Perspectives on Ethnicity and Global Diversity	37	(16)
GLOBAL UNITY	38	(3)
Assimilation	39	(1)
Acculturation	39	(1)
Syncretism	40	(1)
Subjugation	40	(1)
Paternalism	40	(1)
STATE PRIMACY	41	(2)
Patriotism	42	(1)
State Power	42	(1)
Critique from the Global Unity Perspective	43	(1)
CULTURAL PLURALISM	43	(4)
Tolerance	44	(3)
Critiques from the Global Unity and State Primacy Perspectives	47	(1)
Synthesis	47	(1)
CULTURAL DIVERSITY PERSPECTIVES APPLIED TO NUNAVUT	47	(4)
Matrix 3.1: Cultural Diversity Perspectives	48	(1)
A View from the Global Unity Perspective	48	(1)
A View from the State Primacy Perspective	49	(1)
A View from the Cultural Pluralism Perspective	50	(1)
TERMS AND CONCEPTS	51	(1)
DISCUSSION QUESTIONS	52	(1)
RESEARCH PROJECTS	52	(1)
INTERNET RESOURCES	52	(1)
4 Economic Development	53	(32)
THE DEVELOPING WORLD	55	(17)
Underdevelopment: A Vicious Cycle	59	(3)
The Colonial Legacy	62	(2)
Outside Interventions	64	(3)
Other Factors	67	(5)
THE INDUSTRIAL WORLD	72	(7)
Trade Issues	73	(1)
Monetary Issues	74	(3)
Relations Between Industrialized and Developing Countries	77	(2)
CASE STUDY From Peasants to Farmers: Development in the Peruvian Highlands	79	(4)
A Tale of Two Canals	79	(2)
Local Initiative	81	(1)
Analysis	82	(1)
TERMS AND CONCEPTS	83	(1)
DISCUSSION QUESTIONS	83	(1)
RESEARCH PROJECTS	83	(1)
INTERNET RESOURCES	84	(1)
5 Perspectives on Economic Development	85	(16)
LIBERAL ECONOMICS	85	(3)
Comparative Advantage	86	(1)
Needed Policies	87	(1)
DEPENDENCY	88	(5)
Structural Inequality: Neocolonialism	88	(1)
Government Intervention	89	(1)
The International Economic System	90	(2)
A Critique from the Liberal Economics Perspective	92	(1)
PARTICIPATORY DEVELOPMENT	93	(3)
Local Decision Making	94	(1)
Available Technology	95	(1)
Environmental Compatibility	95	(1)
Critiques from the Liberal Economics and Dependency Perspectives	95	(1)
ECONOMIC PERSPECTIVES APPLIED TO DEVELOPMENT IN THE PERUVIAN HIGHLANDS	96	(3)
A View from the Liberal Economics Perspective	96	(1)
Matrix 5.1: Economic Development Perspectives	97	(1)
A View from the Dependency Perspective	98	(1)
A View from the Participatory Development Perspective	98	(1)
TERMS AND CONDITIONS	99	(1)
DISCUSSION QUESTIONS	99	(1)
RESEARCH PROJECTS	100	(1)
INTERNET RESOURCES	100	(1)
6 Human Ecological Sustainability	101	(28)
ECOSYSTEMS: THE NATURE OF ENVIRONMENT	101	(2)
The Interrelationship of Environmental Systems	102	(1)
HUMANS AND THE ENVIRONMENT	103	(2)
Foraging	103	(1)
Pastoralism	104	(1)
Agriculturalism	104	(1)
Industrialism	104	(1)
THREATS TO CRITICAL RESOURCES	105	(11)
Air	105	(3)
Water	108	(3)
Land	111	(2)
Plants and Animals	113	(2)
Resources in Balance	115	(1)
HUMAN HEALTH ISSUES	116	(5)
Disease	116	(3)
Health Care	119	(1)
Malnutrition	120	(1)
CASE STUDY Brazil and the Tropical Rainforest	121	(6)
Amazonian Environment	122	(1)
Economic Uses of the Amazon	123	(2)
Indigenous Peoples	125	(1)
Health Conditions	126	(1)
Analysis	126	(1)
TERMS AND CONCEPTS	127	(1)
DISCUSSION QUESTIONS	127	(1)
RESEARCH PROJECTS	127	(1)
INTERNET RESOURCES	128	(1)
7 Perspectives on Human Ecological Sustainability	129	(15)
HIGH TECHNOLOGY	130	(3)
SHARED TECHNOLOGY	133	(2)
A Critique from the High Technology Perspective	134	(1)
APPROPRIATE TECHNOLOGY	135	(2)
Critiques from the High Technology and Shared Technology Perspectives	137	(1)
ECOLOGY PERSPECTIVES APPLIED TO THE RAINFORESTS OF THE BRAZILIAN AMAZON	137	(4)
Matrix 7.1: Ecology Perspective	138	(1)
A View from the High Technology Perspective	138	(1)
A View from the Shared Technology Perspective	139	(1)
A View from the Appropriate Technology Perspective	140	(1)
TERMS AND CONCEPTS	141	(1)
DISCUSSION QUESTIONS	142	(1)
RESEARCH PROJECTS	142	(1)
INTERNET RESOURCES	143	(1)
8 Peace and War	144	(32)
THE NATURE OF THE INTERNATIONAL SYSTEM	146	(5)
Sovereignty	146	(1)
International Anarchy	147	(1)
Power Defined	148	(1)
Politics and Power	149	(1)
Interest and Power	150	(1)
Perceptual Selectivity	150	(1)
A MODEL OF PEACE AND WAR	151	(12)
The Strategies of War	151	(3)
Balance-of-Power Strategy	154	(4)
International Rule of Law	158	(5)
CASE STUDY The War in Bosnia: Three Peoples in Search of a State	163	(11)
A Tangle of Participants	163	(7)
The Dayton Accord	170	(3)
Analysis	173	(1)
TERMS AND CONCEPTS	174	(1)
DISCUSSION QUESTIONS	174	(1)
RESEARCH PROJECTS	174	(1)
INTERNET RESOURCES	175	(1)
9 Perspectives on Peace and War	176	(14)
STATE SOVEREIGNTY	177	(2)
Deterrence	178	(1)
WORLD ORDER	179	(3)
A Critique from the State Sovereignty Perspective	182	(1)
ETHNIC AUTONOMY	182	(2)
Critiques from the State Sovereignty and World Order Perspectives	183	(1)
PEACE AND WAR PERSPECTIVES APPLIED TO THE WAR IN BOSNIA	184	(4)
A View from the State Sovereignty Perspective	184	(1)
Matrix 9.1: Peace and War Perspectives	185	(1)
A View from the World Order Perspective	186	(1)
A View from the Ethnic Autonomy Perspective	187	(1)
TERMS AND CONCEPTS	188	(1)
DISCUSSION QUESTIONS	189	(1)
RESEARCH PROJECTS	189	(1)
INTERNET RESOURCES	189	(1)
10 A Postscript	190	(3)
Glossary	193	(8)
References Cited	201	(4)
Index	205