Health Psychology

by DiMatteo, M. Robin; Martin, Leslie R.

• ISBN13: 9780205297771
• ISBN10: 0205297773
• Format: Paperback
• Copyright: 2001-09-24
• Publisher: Pearson

Summary

A comprehensive, yet engaging book, that covers both the clinical aspects of health psychology with the research related to important health issues.Integrating diversity and mind-body issues, the book helps readers identify the hot topics in the field and presents fascinating case studies that help make the field relevant to the lives of the reader.For anyone interested in health psychology, and mind-body issues.

Table of Contents

Preface	xi
Introduction	1	(42)
The Field of Health Psychology	2	(4)
The Individual Perspective	6	(3)
Conducting Research in Health Psychology	9	(7)
Being a Health Psychology	16	(2)
Basic Issues in Medical Care	18	(3)
A Brief History of Medicine	21	(8)
The Mind-Body Connection	29	(3)
Medicine Today: The Meaning and Impact of Managed Care	32	(3)
Psychological Factors in Illness and Disease	35	(4)
Summary	39	(2)
Thinking Critically	41	(1)
Glossary	41	(2)
PART ONE Medical Communication, Medical Professionals, and the Patient's Perspective
The Process of Medical Care	43	(34)
Introduction to Medical Professionals, Patients, and the Treatment Exchange	44	(1)
The Four Premises of Medical Care	45	(2)
Language in Medical Care: The Role of Words and Gestures	47	(1)
Viewpoint and Skill in Communication	47	(3)
Communication Uncovers Hidden Premises	50	(2)
Technology and People: Promoting Dialogue	52	(3)
Three Basic Models of the Physician-Patient Relationship	55	(3)
Variations of the Three Basic Models of Physician-Patient Relationships	58	(1)
The Medical Care Visit	59	(14)
Summary	73	(1)
Thinking Critically	74	(1)
Glossary	75	(2)
Communication in the Medical Encounter	77	(44)
Basic Issues in Research on Practitioner-Patient Communication	79	(1)
Communication Problems and Solutions in Therapeutic Interactions	80	(1)
Time Constraints	80	(1)
The Patient's Perspective	81	(1)
Improving the Interview	82	(2)
Medical Jargon	84	(2)
The Consequences of Imprecise Communication	86	(2)
Listening to Patients	88	(1)
Educating Patients	89	(2)
Helping Patients to Remember	91	(2)
Nonverbal Communication and Practitioner-Patient Relationships	93	(1)
Metacommunication	94	(2)
The Importance of Nonverbal Communication	96	(3)
Dissecting Nonverbal Cues	99	(7)
Communication of Emotion	106	(1)
Beside Manner	107	(2)
Empathy	109	(5)
Maintaining Optimism and the Will to Live	114	(1)
Emotional Regression	115	(1)
Who Are the Best Communicators?	116	(2)
Summary	118	(1)
Thinking Critically	119	(1)
Glossary	120	(1)
Medical Professionals in Training and Practice	121	(42)
The Structural and Physical Pressures	124	(5)
The Emotional Challenges of Medicine	129	(8)
The Consequences of the Physical and Emotional Pressures	137	(6)
Women in Medicine: The Struggle and the Ideal	143	(3)
Humanizing Medicine	146	(1)
Medical Practioners and the Puzzle of Illness	147	(3)
Decision Making by Medical Professionals	150	(2)
Errors in Clinical Decisions	152	(3)
Stereotypes as Barriers to Clinical Decisions	155	(2)
Contemporary U. S. Healthcare Systems	157	(3)
Summary	160	(1)
Thinking Critically	161	(1)
Glossary	162	(1)
PART TWO Health and Behavior
Staying Healthy	163	(40)
Medical Communication and Physical Health	165	(1)
Prevention of Disease/Impairments	166	(1)
Degenerative Diseases	167	(6)
Primary Prevention and Behavioral Outcomes	173	(21)
Secondary and Tertiary Prevention and Behavioral Outcomes	194	(3)
Individual Differences and Personal Characteristics	197	(2)
Covariation of Health Behaviors	199	(1)
Summary	200	(1)
Thinking Critically	201	(1)
Glossary	201	(2)
Health Recommendations and Behavior Change	203	(38)
An Overview of the Determinants of Prevention and Treatment Behaviors	204	(1)
Adherence to Medical Regimens	205	(2)
Sources of Health Information	207	(5)
Historical Perspectives	212	(3)
Persuasion: Changing Beliefs and Attitudes	215	(3)
Social Cognitive Theory	218	(2)
Self-Regulative Theories	220	(1)
Subjective Social Norms: What Other People Think	221	(3)
Intentions and Commitment	224	(1)
Turning Commitment into Behavior	225	(11)
A Personal Note	236	(1)
Summary	237	(2)
Thinking Critically	239	(1)
Glossary	239	(2)
PART THREE Becoming III
The Process of Illness	241	(35)
Health, Illness, and Disease	243	(6)
The Physician's Dilemma	249	(1)
The Biomedical Versus the Biopsychosocial Model	249	(3)
Recognizing and Attending to Physical Symptoms	252	(3)
Seeking Medical Help for Symptoms	255	(1)
Psychological Triggers for Seeking Help	256	(2)
The Lay Referral Network	258	(1)
Additional Determinants of Medical Care Utilization	258	(1)
Delay in Seeking Treatment	259	(3)
The Sick Role	262	(2)
Illness as an Expression of Emotional Needs	264	(2)
Somatization and Conversion	266	(2)
A Patient with Psychosomatic Illness	268	(2)
Hypochondria	270	(2)
Psychological Factors and the Delivery of Health Services	272	(1)
Summary	273	(1)
Thinking Critically	274	(1)
Glossary	275	(1)
Pain	276	(47)
The Significance of Pain	277	(1)
Pain and the Costs of Healthcare Utilization	278	(1)
What Is Pain?	279	(1)
How Is Pain Perceived?	280	(1)
Theories of Pain	281	(4)
Neurochemical Basis of Pain and Pain Inhibition	285	(1)
Pain and the Immune System	286	(1)
Cognitive Outcomes of Pain	286	(3)
Acute versus Chronic Pain	289	(1)
What Does Pain Look Like?	289	(1)
Pain and the Medical Encounter	290	(1)
Psychological Factors and Pain	291	(2)
Individual Differences in Reactions to Pain	293	(6)
Ways to Measure Pain	299	(2)
The Significance of Pain Assessment	301	(1)
How Is Pain Treated?	302	(6)
Cognitive Methods of Pain Control	308	(2)
Cognitive-Behavioral Methods of Pain Control	310	(4)
Behavior Modification in Chronic Pain	314	(1)
Physical Therapies for Pain	315	(1)
Preoperative Treatments for Postoperative Pain	316	(1)
Pain Clinics: Multidimensional Treatment Programs	317	(1)
Summary	318	(2)
Thinking Critically	320	(1)
Glossary	320	(3)
Psychological Processes, Stress, and Illness	323	(33)
Psychophysiological Disorders	325	(1)
The Concept of Stress	326	(1)
The Meaning of Stress	327	(1)
The Role of Cognitive Appraisal	328	(1)
Issues in Conceptualizing Stress	329	(1)
Chronic Stress	330	(1)
Hassles of Everyday Life	331	(2)
Major Life Events	333	(1)
Mechanisms for the Effects of Stress on Health	334	(1)
Physiological Reactions to Stress	335	(2)
The General Adaptation Syndrome	337	(1)
Psychoneuroimmunology	338	(7)
Stress and Cardiovascular Disorders	345	(6)
Psychophysiological Disorders and Stress	351	(1)
Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder	352	(1)
The Difficulties of Assuming Causation	352	(1)
Summary	353	(1)
Thinking Critically	354	(1)
Glossary	354	(2)
Coping with Stress: The Role of Psychological Processes in Staying Healthy	356	(37)
Coping Processes	359	(2)
Problem Solving and Emotional Regulation	361	(1)
Cognitions and Coping	362	(1)
Cognitive Coping Styles	363	(1)
Causal Attributions	364	(4)
Sense of Control	368	(3)
Learned Helplessness	371	(1)
Hardiness	372	(1)
World View and a Sense of Coherence	373	(1)
Social Resources and Social Support	374	(2)
Emotional Disclosure	376	(2)
Helping People Cope: Interventions That Work	378	(8)
Learning to Cope: Effective Stress Management	386	(3)
Summary	389	(1)
Thinking Critically	390	(1)
Glossary	391	(2)
PART FOUR Coping with Illness
Serious Illness: The Patient's Perspective	393	(32)
Stages of Illness	396	(2)
Importance of Focusing on Psychosocial Issues	398	(1)
Serious Illness: The Losses	398	(8)
Facing the Emotional Challenges of Serious Illness	406	(1)
Maintaining Identity Through Social Support	407	(2)
Emotional Development	409	(1)
Explaining Illness and Injury	409	(2)
Facing Emotional Conflicts	411	(1)
Facing Stressful Medical Treatments	411	(1)
Facing the Stresses of Hospitalization	412	(4)
Communicating with Medical Professionals	416	(1)
Facing Pain	416	(2)
Facing Death	418	(1)
The Role of Emotions in Healing	418	(2)
Treatment of Ill Patients	420	(1)
Medical Communication and Treatment Outcomes	421	(1)
Summary	422	(1)
Thinking Critically	423	(1)
Glossary	424	(1)
A Life-Span Perspective on Chronic Illness, Disability, and Aging	425	(39)
Chronic Illness and Disability	426	(2)
Dealing with Chronic Illness	428	(11)
Chronic Illness in Children and Adolescents	439	(10)
Chronic Illness in Adulthood	449	(6)
Chronic Illness and the Aged	455	(6)
Summary	461	(1)
Thinking Critically	462	(1)
Glossary	463	(1)
Terminal Illness and Bereavement	464	(35)
Facing Death	466	(1)
Uncertainty	466	(1)
The Patient's Experience of Dying	466	(6)
Caring for Terminally Ill Patients	472	(4)
Bereavement and Grieving	476	(1)
Grief Experiences	477	(8)
Deaths in the Family	485	(11)
Summary	496	(1)
Thinking Critically	497	(1)
Glossary	498	(1)
The Future of Health Psychology	499	(12)
Morbidity versus Mortality	501	(1)
Cost Containment and Care Equalization	502	(2)
Women's Health	504	(1)
Healthy Aging	505	(1)
Genetics and Health	505	(3)
Outcomes Research	508	(1)
Summary	509	(1)
Thinking Critically	510	(1)
Appendix A The Human Body	511	(16)
Appendix B Measurement Tools for Research in Health Psychology	527	(10)
References	537	(48)
Index	585