Healthcare Human Resource Management

by Flynn, Walter J.; Mathis, Robert L.; Jackson, John H.

• ISBN13: 9780324317046
• ISBN10: 0324317042
• Edition: 2nd
• Format: Hardcover
• Copyright: 2006-03-15
• Publisher: South-Western College Pub

Summary

Healthcare management is changing. Do you know which direction it's headed? HEALTHCARE HUMAN RESOURCE MANAGEMENT is written to be relevant to you, whether you're a student or currently working in healthcare. HEALTHCARE HUMAN RESOURCE MANAGEMENT is current, topical, and informative. No matter your status, this is the human resources and healthcare textbook you need to own to stay ahead of the curve.

Table of Contents

Preface	xvii
About the Authors	xxiii
Preface xvii
About the Authors xxiii
CHAPTER 1 The Nature and Challenges of Healthcare HR Management	2	(18)
Healthcare HR Insights	3	(1)
Nature of Healthcare Organizations	4	(2)
Employment in Healthcare
Types of Healthcare Jobs
The Current State of Healthcare	6	(3)
The Future of Healthcare	9	(1)
HR Challenges in Healthcare	10	(4)
Recruitment and Retention
Managing Change
Joint Commission on Accreditation of Healthcare Organizations	14	(2)
The HR Function in Healthcare	16	(2)
HR Management Activities 16 Case	18	(1)
End Notes	19	(1)
CHAPTER 2 Healthcare HR Competencies, Structures, and Quality Standards	20	(14)
Healthcare HR Insights	21	(1)
Competencies for Healthcare Management and HR	21	(4)
Behavioral Competencies and Emotional Intelligence
HR Management Certifications
HR Departments and Healthcare Organizational Charts	25	(1)
Measuring Healthcare HR Management	25	(4)
HR Metrics
HR and Quality Patient Care
Joint Commission (JCAHO) and Healthcare Management	29	(3)
JCAHO Process
JCAHO HR Standards and Serious Adverse Events
Case	32	(1)
End Notes	33	(1)
CHAPTER 3 Strategic HR Management	34	(20)
Healthcare HR Insights	35	(1)
Management of Human Assets in Organizations	36	(2)
Human Capital and HR
Human Resources as a Core Competency
HR Management Roles	38	(2)
The HR Strategic Planning Process	40	(6)
Scanning the External Environment
Internal Assessment of Organizational Workforce Forecasting
Elements of Successful HR Planning	46	(2)
HR Management Challenges	48	(4)
Workforce Availability and Quality
Economic and Technological Change
Occupational Shifts
Diversity
Case	52	(1)
End Notes	52	(2)
CHAPTER 4 Legal Issues Affecting the Healthcare Workplace	54	(28)
Healthcare HR Insights	55	(1)
Equal Employment Opportunity	56	(7)
Major Employment Laws
Civil Rights Act of 1964, Title VII
EEOC Compliance
Civil Rights Act of 1991
Reverse Discrimination
Affirmative Action	63	(4)
Affirmative Action Requirements
Affirmative Action Plans (AAPs)
Gender Discrimination and Sexual Harassment	67	(4)
Pregnancy Discrimination
Equal Pay and Pay Equity
The Glass Ceiling
Sexual Harassment
Age Discrimination	71	(1)
Older Workers Benefit Protection Act (OWBPA)
Americans with Disabilities Act	72	(1)
ADA Compliance
Other Bases of Discrimination	73	(1)
Immigration Reform and Control Act (IRCA)
Religious Discrimination
Sexual Orientation
Veterans' Employment Rights
Military Employment Rights
Enforcement Agencies	74	(1)
Equal Employment Opportunity Commission (EEOC)
Office of Federal Contract Compliance (OFCCP)
State and Local Enforcement Agencies
Uniform Guidelines on Employee Selection Procedures	75	(1)
"No-Disparate-Impact" Approach
Job-Related Validation Approach
Elements of EEO Compliance	76	(4)
EEO Policy Statement
EEO Records
EEOC Investigation Process
Employer Responses to EEO Complaints
Case	80	(1)
End Notes	80	(2)
CHAPTER 5 Job Design and Analysis	82	(24)
Healthcare HR Insight	83	(1)
Accomplishing Strategic Objectives Through Job Design	84	(2)
Productivity and Job Design
Nature of Job Analysis in Healthcare Organizations	86	(2)
Task-Based Job Analysis
Competency Based Job Analysis
Joint Commission Standards and Job Analysis
Uses of Job Analysis	88	(3)
Job Families, Departments, and Organization Charts
Job Analysis and HR Activities
Work Schedules and Job Analysis	91	(2)
Work Schedule Alternatives
Shift Work and the Compressed Workweek
Flexible Scheduling
Job Analysis and Legal Issues	93	(2)
Americans with Disabilities Act (ADA)
Job Analysis and Wage/Hour Regulations
Human Reactions to Job Analysis	95	(2)
Behavioral Aspects of Job Analysis
"Inflation" of Jobs and Job Titles
Employee and Managerial Anxieties
Job Analysis Methods	97	(1)
Observation
Interviews
Questionnaires
Computerized Job Analysis
The Job Analysis Process	98	(2)
Planning
Preparation and Communication
Conducting the Job Analysis
Developing and Maintaining Job Descriptions, Job Specifications, and Performance Standards
Job Description Components	100	(4)
Identification General Summary
Essential Functions and Duties
Job Specifications
Performance Standards and Competencies
Disclaimer and Approvals
Case	104	(1)
End Notes	105	(1)
CHAPTER 6 Healthcare Recruitment and Selection	106	(28)
Healthcare HR Insights	107	(1)
Recruiting and Labor Markets	107	(1)
Planning and Strategic Decisions Regarding Recruiting	108	(4)
Internal Versus External Recruiting
Flexible Staffing
Float Pools
Employee Leasing
Internal Recruiting	112	(1)
Job Posting and Bidding
Internal Recruiting Database
Promotion and Transfer
Current Employee Referrals
External Recruiting	113	(2)
Employment "Branding"
Schools, Colleges, and Universities
Media Sources
Professional Associations
Employment Agencies
Executive Search Firms
Internet Recruiting	115	(3)
E-Recruiting Methods
Effective Online Job Postings
Advantages of Internet Recruiting
Disadvantages of Internet Recruiting
Other Sources for Healthcare Recruitment	118	(2)
Clinical Rotations
Preceptorships and Internships
Fellowships
Summer Employment, Shadowing, and Volunteer Pools
Recruiting Evaluation and Metrics	120	(1)
Nature of Selection	121	(4)
Criteria, Predictors, and Job Performance
Legal Concerns
Selection Responsibilities
Reception and Job Preview/Interest Screening
Application Forms
Selection Testing	125	(1)
Selection Interviewing	126	(2)
Types of Interviews
Panel Interview
Background Checking	128	(3)
Legal Constraints
Medical Examinations and Inquiries
Making the Job Offer	131	(1)
Relocation Assistance
Case	131	(1)
End Notes	132	(2)
CHAPTER 7 Organizational Relations and Employee Retention in Healthcare	134	(22)
Healthcare HR Insights	135	(1)
Individual/Organizational Relationships	136	(3)
The Psychological Contract
Factors Affecting the Individual/Organizational Relationship
Job Satisfaction and Organizational Commitment	139	(1)
Organizational Commitment
Retention of Human Resources	140	(6)
The Joint Commission on Accreditation of Healthcare Organizations (JCAHO) and Retention
Retention Determinants
Organizational Components
Organizational Career Opportunities
Rewards and Retention
Retention and Selection
Work/Life Balance	146	(3)
Employee Relationships with Supervisors and Co-workers
Retention Management Process	149	(5)
Retention Measurement and Assessment
Retention Interventions
Evaluation and Follow-Up
Case	154	(1)
End Notes	155	(1)
CHAPTER 8 Training and Development in Healthcare Organizations	156	(28)
Healthcare HR Insights	157	(1)
Nature of Training in Healthcare Organizations	158	(5)
Chief Learning Officers
Integration of Job Performance, Training, and Learning
Training as Performance Consulting
Integrating Training Responsibilities
Legal Issues and Training
Strategic Training
The Training Process	163	(3)
Assessment of Training Needs
Training Design
Types of Training	166	(8)
Orientation: Training for New Employees
Encourage Self-Development
On-going Training and Development
Delivery of Training
Internal Training
External Training
E-Learning: Training Online
Evaluation of Training
Joint Commission Standards and Orientation, Training, and Development
Developing Human Resources	174	(2)
Developing Specific Capabilities
Development Needs Analyses
Succession Planning
Choosing a Development Approach	176	(4)
Development Approaches: Job-Site Methods
Development Approaches: Off-Site Methods
Management Development
Mentoring
Special Issues in Healthcare Employee Development	180	(2)
Academic and Credential Requirements
HR Development and Organizational Restructuring
Case	182	(1)
End Notes	183	(1)
CHAPTER 9 Performance Management in Healthcare Organizations	184	(18)
Healthcare HR Insights	185	(1)
Performance Management	185	(2)
Job Criteria
Performance Standards
Performance Appraisal	187	(1)
Joint Commission Standards and Performance Appraisal
Conflicting Roles of Performance Appraisal	188	(3)
Administrative Uses
Development Uses
Informal Versus Systematic Appraisal
Who Conducts Appraisals	191	(2)
Supervisory Rating of Subordinates
Employee Rating of Managers
Team/Peer Ratings Self-Rating
Outside Raters
Multisource/360-Degree Ratings
Methods of Appraising Performance	193	(3)
Category Methods
Comparative Methods
Narrative Methods
Behavioral/Objectives Methods
Combination of Methods
Rater Errors	196	(2)
Recency
Central Tendency, Leniency, and Strictness Errors
Rater Bias
Halo Effect
Contrast Errors
Appraisal Feedback	198	(1)
Feedback Systems
Appraisal Interview
Reactions of Managers
Reactions of Employees
Effective Performance Management	199	(1)
Developing a Performance Improvement Plan
Case	200	(1)
End Notes	201	(1)
CHAPTER 10 Employee Relations in the Healthcare Industry	202	(22)
Healthcare HR Insights	203	(1)
Nature of Employer Employee Relations	203	(1)
Rights and Responsibilities	204	(3)
Statutory Rights
Contractual Rights
Implied Contracts
Employment Practices Liability Insurance
Employee Relations and Rights of Employees	207	(5)
Employment-At-Will
Wrongful Discharge and the Importance of Documentation
Just Cause
Constructive Discharge
Due Process
Resolving Employee Complaints
Balancing Employer Security and Employee Rights	212	(5)
Employee Records
Employees' Right to Free Speech
Honesty in the Workplace
Off-the-Job Behavior
Employee Substance Abuse and Employer Drug Testing Policies
HR Policies, Procedures, and Rules	217	(1)
Coordinating Policies and Procedures
Communicating HR Information
Employee Discipline	218	(3)
Reasons for Not Using Discipline
Training Managers
Employee Relations Programs	221	(1)
Employee Attitude Surveys
Employee Assistance Programs
Employer of Choice Programs
Standards of Behavior
Case	222	(1)
End Notes	223	(1)
CHAPTER 11 Labor Relations and Healthcare Organizations	224	(20)
Healthcare HR Insights	225	(1)
Unions in the Healthcare Industry	225	(2)
Why Employees Unionize
Labor-Relations Philosophy	227	(1)
Adversarial Relationships
Collaborative Relationships
Legal Framework for Union—Management Relations	228	(2)
National Labor Relations Act
Taft—Hartley Act
Landrum—Griffin Act
NLRA and the Healthcare Industry
The Unionization Process in Healthcare	230	(6)
Organizing Campaign
Healthcare and Bargaining Units
Representation Elections
Certification—Decertification
Collective Bargaining
Collective Bargaining and the Negotiating Process	236	(5)
Contract Components
Negotiation Process
Planning for Strikes
Formalizing the Agreement
Contract Administration	241	(1)
Labor—Management Committees
Grievance Procedures
Case	242	(1)
End Notes	243	(1)
CHAPTER 12 Healthcare Compensation Practices	244	(30)
Healthcare HR Insights	245	(1)
Healthcare Compensation Responsibilities	245	(1)
Nature of Compensation	246	(8)
Compensation Components
Healthcare Compensation Approaches
Compensation Philosophies
Decisions about Healthcare Compensation Levels
Compensation System Design Issues
Perceptions of Pay Fairness
Legal Requirements for Pay Systems	254	(5)
Fair Labor Standards Act (FLSA)
Independent Contractor Regulations
Equal Pay and Pay Equity
State and Local Laws
Garnishment Laws
Development of a Base Pay System	259	(7)
Job Evaluation
Legal Issues and Job Evaluation
Wage Surveys
Legal Issues and Pay Surveys
Different Pay Structures
Pay Ranges
Individual Pay
Rates Out of Range
Pay Compression
Issues Involving Pay Increases	266	(2)
Pay Adjustment Matrix
Seniority
Cost-of-Living Adjustments (COLA)
Lump-Sum Increases
Executive Compensation	268	(4)
Executive Salaries
Executive Bonus and Incentive Plans
Performance Incentives: Long-Term Versus Short-Term
Benefits for Executives
Executive Perquisites
Current Nature of Healthcare Executive Compensation
Determining "Reasonableness" of Executive Compensation
Case	272	(1)
End Notes	272	(2)
CHAPTER 13 The Management of Benefits and Variable Pay in Healthcare	274	(28)
Healthcare HR Insights	275	(1)
Strategic Perspectives on Benefits	276	(2)
Goals for Benefits
Benefits Needs Analysis
Funding Benefits
Types of Benefits	278	(1)
Government-Mandated Benefits
Voluntary Benefits
Part-Time Employee Benefits
Security Benefits	279	(1)
Workers' Compensation
Unemployment Compensation
Severance Pay
Retirement Security Benefits	280	(3)
Retirement Benefits and Age Discrimination
Social Security
Pension Plans
Pension Terms and Concepts
Individual Retirement Options
Healthcare Benefits	283	(4)
Controlling Healthcare Benefits Costs
Healthcare Legislation
Financial, Insurance, and Other Benefits	287	(6)
Financial Benefits
Insurance Benefits
Educational Benefits
Social and Recreational Benefits
Family-Oriented Benefits and the Family and Medical Leave Act
Family-Care Benefits
Benefits for Domestic Partners and Spousal Equivalents
Time Off Benefits
Benefits Administration	293	(1)
Benefits Communication
Flexible Benefits
Benefits in the Future
Variable Pay: Incentives for Performance	294	(5)
Types of Variable Pay
Effective Variable Pay Plans
Individual Incentives
Group/Team-Based Variable Pay
Organizational Incentives
Successes and Failures of Variable Pay Plans
Case	299	(1)
End Notes	300	(2)
CHAPTER 14 Safety, Health, and Security in Healthcare Organizations	302	(29)
Healthcare HR Insights	303	(1)
Nature of Safety, Health, and Security	304	(1)
Safety, Health, and Security Responsibilities
The Joint Commission and Safety, Health, and Security	304	(2)
Surveillance, Prevention, and Control of Infection (IC)
The JCAHO and Emergency Preparedness
Legal Requirements for Safety and Health	306	(1)
Workers' Compensation
Americans with Disabilities Act and Safety
Occupational Safety and Health Act (OSHA)	307	(7)
OSHA Enforcement Standards
Ergonomics and OSHA
Work Assignments and OSHA
Record-Keeping Requirements
OSHA Inspections
Safety Management	314	(5)
The Organization and Safety
Safety and Engineering
Individual Considerations and Safety
Safety Policies and Discipline
HR and Safety Responsibilities
Safety Committees
Safety Training and Communications
Employee Safety Motivation and Incentives
Inspections
Accident Investigation and Evaluation
Health	319	(6)
Healthcare Workplace Health Issues
Health Promotion
Security	325	(3)
Workplace Violence
Security Management
Employee Screening and Selection
Security Personnel
Case	328	(1)
End Notes	328	(3)
Glossary	331	(10)
Index	341