Human Mosaic : A Thematic Introduction to Cultural Geography

by Jordan-Bychkov; Domosh; Neumann

• ISBN13: 9780716763840
• ISBN10: 0716763842
• Edition: 10th
• Format: Paperback
• Copyright: 2005-08-19
• Publisher: W. H. Freeman

Summary

Carrying forward the legacy of original author Terry Jordan-Bychkov, Mona Domosh and new coauthors Roderick Neumann and Patricia Price offer this thoroughly updated new edition of the acclaimed introduction to the cultural geography of the world today. The result is a text that maintains its original distinctive style while addressing contemporary issues and situations that students care about, most importantly, the continuing phenomenon of globalization. The Thematic Approach ofThe Human Mosaic The Human Mosaicintroduces five themes in the opening chapterculture region, cultural diffusion, cultural ecology, cultural interaction, and cultural landscapethen uses those themes as a framework for the topical chapters that follow. Each theme is applied to a variety of geographical topics: demography, agriculture, the city, religion, language, ethnicity, politics, industry, folk and popular culture. Through this organization, students are able to relate to the most important aspects of cultural geography at every point in the text.

Table of Contents

Special Features	xiii
A Tribute: Terry Jordan-Bychkov	xvii
Preface	xix
About the Authors	xxv
Cultural Geography: Science and Art	1	(30)
Focus On: Seven Cultural Geographical Ideas That Changed the World	2	(1)
What Is Cultural Geography?	2	(2)
Themes in Cultural Geography	4	(7)
Culture Region	4	(5)
Cultural Diffusion	9	(2)
Focus On: Cultural Diffusion: A 100 Percent American	11	(4)
Cultural Ecology	14	(1)
Focus On: ``The Facts Are Incontestable'': Two Views of Creative Genius	15	(7)
Cultural Interaction	18	(2)
Cultural Landscape	20	(2)
Culture in a Globalizing World: ``Reading'' Globalization in a Medieval Square	22	(3)
Conclusion	25	(1)
Practicing Geography: Denis Cosgrove	26	(1)
Doing Geography: Space, Place, and Knowing Your Way Around	27	(1)
Seeing Geography: Aboriginal Topographical Painting of Arnhem Land	28	(3)
Many Worlds: Geographies of Cultural Difference	31	(36)
Many Cultures	32	(2)
Regions of Difference	34	(8)
Material Folk Culture Regions	34	(1)
Is Popular Culture Placeless?	35	(1)
Indigenous Culture Regions	36	(2)
Food and Drink	38	(2)
Popular Music	40	(1)
Vernacular Culture Regions	40	(2)
Diffusion and Cultural Difference	42	(3)
Agricultural Fairs	42	(1)
Blowguns: Diffusion or Independent Invention?	42	(1)
Diffusion in Popular Culture	43	(1)
Advertising	44	(1)
Communications Barriers	44	(1)
Focus On: The Geography of Rock and Roll	45	(1)
Diffusion of the Rodeo	45	(1)
Ecologies of Difference	46	(2)
Indigenous Ecology	46	(1)
Local Knowledge	47	(1)
Culture in a Globalizing World: Indigenous Cultures Go Global	48	(2)
Global Economy	48	(1)
Folk Ecology	49	(1)
Gendered Ecology	49	(1)
Practicing Geography: Gregory Knapp	50	(1)
Ecology of Popular Culture	51	(1)
Interaction and Difference	51	(1)
Mapping Personal Preference	52	(1)
Place Images	52	(1)
Landscapes of Difference	52	(9)
Folk Architecture	52	(2)
Folk Housing in Sub-Saharan Africa	54	(1)
Folk Housing in North America	55	(1)
Landscapes of Popular Culture	56	(1)
Leisure Landscapes	57	(1)
Elitist Landscapes	57	(3)
The American Scene	60	(1)
Conclusion	61	(1)
Doing Geography: Self-Representation of Indigenous Culture	61	(2)
Seeing Geography: American Fathers and Daughters	63	(4)
The Geography of Religion: Spaces and Places of Sacredness	67	(42)
Culture in a Globalizing World: Religious Fundamentalism: A Global Response?	70	(1)
Religious Culture Regions	71	(11)
Judaism	71	(1)
Christianity	71	(5)
Islam	76	(1)
Hinduism	76	(1)
Buddhism	77	(1)
Animism/Shamanism	78	(1)
Changing Religious Profiles	79	(3)
Religious Diffusion	82	(3)
The Semitic Religious Hearth	82	(2)
The Indus-Ganga Hearth	84	(1)
Focus On: ``When Jesus Came, the Corn Mothers Went Away''	85	(1)
Barriers and Time-Distance Decay	85	(1)
Religious Ecology	86	(5)
Appeasing the Forces of Nature	86	(2)
The Environment and Monotheism	88	(1)
Ecotheology	88	(3)
Focus On: The Color Green	91	(1)
Godliness and Greenness	91	(1)
Cultural Interaction in Religion	92	(1)
Religion and the Economy	92	(1)
Focus On: Sacred Cows	92	(3)
Religious Pilgrimage	94	(1)
Religious Landscapes	95	(7)
Religious Structures	96	(2)
Landscapes of the Dead	98	(2)
Religious Names on the Land	100	(1)
Sacred Space	101	(1)
Focus On: Conflict over Sacred Space	102	(1)
Conclusion	102	(1)
Focus On: Our Lady of Clearwater	103	(1)
Doing Geography: The Making of Sacred Spaces	103	(1)
Practicing Geography: Kenneth Foote	104	(2)
Seeing Geography: Parking Lot Shrine	106	(3)
Speaking About Places: The Geography of Language	109	(34)
Focus On: Translating Animal Sounds	111	(1)
Linguistic Culture Regions	111	(8)
Language Families	111	(5)
The Shifting Boundaries of American English	116	(3)
Focus On: Imposing English	119	(1)
Linguistic Diffusion	119	(3)
Indo-European Diffusion	119	(1)
Austronesian Diffusion	120	(2)
Focus On: Esperanto and Elvish	122	(1)
Linguistic Globalization	122	(1)
Culture in a Globalizing World: Is English Taking Over the World, Virtually?	123	(2)
Focus On: Language and Cultural Survival	125	(1)
Linguistic Ecology	125	(2)
Habitat and Vocabulary	125	(1)
The Habitat Provides Refuge	125	(2)
Focus On: Gullah Culture	127	(2)
The Habitat Helps Shape Language Areas	127	(2)
Culturo-Linguistic Interaction	129	(4)
Technology and Linguistic Dominance	129	(1)
Language and Empire	130	(1)
The Social Morale Model	130	(2)
Language and Religion	132	(1)
Practicing Geography: Allan Pred	133	(1)
Linguistic Landscapes	134	(4)
Messages	135	(1)
Toponyms	135	(1)
Generic Toponyms of the United States	136	(1)
Toponyms and Cultures of the Past	136	(2)
Conclusion	138	(1)
Doing Geography: Toponyms and Roots of Place	138	(2)
Seeing Geography: Aqui se habla Spanglish	140	(3)
Ethnic Geography: Homelands and Islands	143	(34)
Ethnic Regions	147	(10)
Ethnic Homelands and Islands	147	(3)
Ethnic Neighborhoods and Ghettos	150	(1)
Recent Ethnic Migrants	151	(6)
Focus On: Calle Ocho	157	(1)
Cultural Diffusion and Ethnicity	157	(3)
Migration and Ethnicity	157	(3)
Focus On: Re-Creating Vietnamese Landscapes	160	(1)
Simplification and Isolation	160	(1)
Ethnic Ecology	161	(3)
Cultural Preadaptation	161	(1)
Ethnic Environmental Perception	162	(2)
Ethnic Cultural Interaction	164	(2)
Ethnicity and Livelihood	164	(1)
Ethnic Foodways	164	(1)
Ethnicity and Globalization	165	(1)
Focus On: Dress and Tradition in the Andes	166	(1)
Ethnic Landscapes	166	(3)
Finnish Landscapes in America	166	(1)
Ethnic Settlement Patterns	167	(1)
Urban Ethnic Landscapes	168	(1)
Culture in a Globalizing World: Selena: Crossing the Line	169	(2)
Practicing Geography: Daniel Arreola	171	(1)
Conclusion	171	(1)
Doing Geography: Tracing Ethnic Foodways Through Recipes	172	(2)
Seeing Geography: American Restaurant Neon Signs	174	(3)
Political Geography: A Divided World	177	(36)
Political Culture Regions	177	(6)
A World of States	177	(6)
Focus On: Political Boundaries in Cyberspace	183	(4)
Supranational Political Bodies	184	(1)
Electoral Geographical Regions	184	(3)
Political Diffusion	187	(1)
Focus On: Political Boundaries as Barriers to Cultural Diffusion	187	(3)
Country Building as Diffusion	187	(2)
Diffusion of Independence and Innovations	189	(1)
Politics and Migration	190	(1)
Political Ecology	190	(1)
Culture in a Globalizing World: The Condition of Transnationality	191	(4)
Chain of Explanation	191	(1)
Geopolitics	192	(1)
The Heartland Theory	192	(1)
Geopolitics Today	193	(1)
Warfare and Environmental Destruction	194	(1)
Practicing Geography: Katharyne Mitchell	195	(1)
Politico-Cultural Interaction	195	(8)
The Nation-State	195	(1)
Cultural Contradictions of State Borders	196	(1)
Ethnic Separatism	196	(2)
The Cleavage Model	198	(3)
An Example: The Sakha Republic	201	(1)
Political Imprint on Economic Geography	202	(1)
Islamic Law in Nigerian Politics	202	(1)
Landscape and Politics	203	(4)
Imprint of the Legal Code	203	(2)
Physical Properties of Boundaries	205	(1)
The Impress of Central Authority	206	(1)
National Iconography on the Landscape	206	(1)
Focus On: Politics, Religion, and Cultural Landscape	207	(1)
Conclusion	208	(1)
Doing Geography: The Complex Geography of Congressional Redistricting	208	(2)
Seeing Geography: Israel--Gaza Strip Border	210	(3)
Geodemography: Peopling the Earth	213	(46)
Demographic Regions	213	(4)
Population Distribution and Density	213	(3)
Patterns of Natality	216	(1)
The Geography of Mortality	217	(1)
Focus On: The Rule of 72	217	(10)
Population Explosion	219	(3)
Or Population Implosion?	222	(1)
Demographic Transition	222	(4)
Age Distributions	226	(1)
Focus On: Rent-a-Grandpa	227	(4)
Geography of Gender	227	(4)
Culture in a Globalizing World: The Missing Women of Ciudad Juarez	231	(7)
Standard of Living	235	(3)
Diffusion in Population Geography	238	(1)
Migration	238	(1)
Focus On: Kennewick Man	239	(4)
Disease Diffusion	241	(1)
Diffusion of Fertility Control	241	(2)
Population Ecology	243	(3)
Environmental Influence	243	(1)
Environmental Perception and Population Distribution	244	(2)
Population Density and Environmental Alteration	246	(1)
Cultural-Demographic Interaction	246	(3)
Cultural Factors	246	(1)
Political Factors	247	(1)
Economic Factors	248	(1)
Gender and Geodemography	248	(1)
The Settlement Landscape	249	(3)
Farm Villages	249	(1)
Isolated Farmsteads	250	(1)
Reading the Cultural Landscape	251	(1)
Practicing Geography: Rachel Silvey	252	(1)
Conclusion	253	(2)
Doing Geography: Public Space, Personal Space: Too Close for Comfort?	255	(1)
Seeing Geography: Street in Kolkata, India	256	(3)
Agricultural Geography: Food From the Good Earth	259	(38)
Agro-Regions	259	(10)
Swidden Cultivation	260	(2)
Paddy Rice Farming	262	(1)
Peasant Grain, Root, and Livestock Farming	263	(1)
Plantation Agriculture	263	(3)
Market Gardening	266	(1)
Livestock Fattening	266	(1)
Grain Farming	267	(1)
Dairying	268	(1)
Nomadic Herding	268	(1)
Focus On: Thomas Hardy on the Geography of Dairying	269	(1)
Focus On: The Future of the Nomadic Maasai of East Africa	270	(1)
Livestock Ranching	270	(1)
Urban Agriculture	271	(1)
Nonagricultural Areas	271	(1)
Agricultural Diffusion	271	(2)
Origins and Diffusion of Plant Domestication	271	(1)
Locating Centers of Domestication	272	(1)
Pets or Meat? Tracing Animal Domestication	272	(1)
Focus On: Cultural Diffusion: The Potato in Germany	273	(4)
Modern Diffusions	273	(4)
Agro-Ecology	277	(4)
Markets and Cultural Ecological Change	277	(2)
Sustainable Agriculture	279	(1)
The Desertification Debate	279	(2)
Practicing Geography: Karl Zimmerer	281	(1)
Environmental Perception by Agriculturists	282	(1)
Agro-Cultural Interaction	282	(1)
Focus On: Cultural Interaction: The Example of Cattle Among the Dasanetch	283	(3)
Intensity of Land Use	283	(1)
The von Thunen Model	283	(1)
Can the World Be Fed?	284	(1)
Globalization	285	(1)
Culture in a Globalizing World: The Global Chicken	286	(2)
Agricultural Landscapes	288	(3)
Survey, Cadastral, and Field Patterns	288	(3)
Fencing and Hedging	291	(1)
Conclusion	291	(1)
Doing Geography: The Global Geography of Food	292	(2)
Seeing Geography: Reading Agricultural Landscapes	294	(3)
Industries: A Faustian Bargain	297	(34)
Industrial Regions	298	(9)
Primary Industry	298	(1)
Secondary Industry	299	(1)
Service Industries	300	(7)
Industrial Diffusion	307	(1)
Origins of the Industrial Revolution	307	(1)
Focus On: Distance in the Preindustrial Age	308	(2)
Diffusion of the Industrial Revolution	309	(1)
Industrial Ecology	310	(5)
Renewable Resource Crises	310	(1)
Acid Rain	311	(1)
Global Warming	312	(2)
Ozone Depletion	314	(1)
Radioactive Pollution	315	(1)
Environmental Sustainability	315	(1)
Industrial Cultural Interaction	315	(4)
Labor Supply	315	(3)
Markets	318	(1)
Practicing Geography: Amy Glasmeier	319	(2)
State Policies	319	(1)
Industrialization and Cultural Change	320	(1)
Industrial Landscapes	321	(1)
Culture in a Globalizing World: A Day in the Life of a Back-Office Worker in India	322	(2)
Focus On: Women, Men, and Work in the Maquiladoras	324	(3)
Conclusion	327	(1)
Doing Geography: What You Wear, Where?	327	(1)
Seeing Geography: Factories in Guangdong Province, China	328	(3)
Urbanization: The City in Time and Space	331	(44)
Culture Region	332	(4)
Patterns and Processes of Urbanization	333	(1)
Impacts of Urbanization	334	(2)
Origin and Diffusion of the City	336	(6)
Models for the Rise of Cities	336	(1)
Urban Hearth Areas	337	(2)
The Diffusion of the City from Hearth Areas	339	(3)
Focus On: Cahokia: An Early Urban Center on the Mississippi	342	(1)
The Evolution of Urban Landscapes	342	(2)
World/Global/Globalizing Cities	343	(1)
Practicing Geography: Kris Olds	344	(10)
The Greek City	344	(1)
Roman Cities	345	(2)
The Medieval City	347	(3)
The Renaissance and Baroque Periods	350	(1)
The Capitalist City	351	(1)
The Colonial City	352	(2)
Focus On: Colonial Rule Symbolized in the Urban Landscape of Kandy, Sri Lanka	354	(3)
Class, ``Race,'' and Gender in the Industrial City	355	(2)
Focus On: The Origins of Zoning in America: Race and Wealth	357	(4)
Megalopolis	359	(1)
Edge Cities	359	(1)
Globalizing Cities in the Developing World	360	(1)
Focus On: Cities on the Edge, Cities of the Future?	361	(3)
The Ecology of Urban Location	364	(3)
Site and Situation	364	(1)
Defensive Sites	364	(1)
Trade-Route Sites	365	(2)
Cultural Interaction in Urban Geography	367	(1)
Culture in a Globalizing World: One Family's Tale	368	(2)
Conclusion	370	(1)
Doing Geography: Connecting Urban Population Growth with Globalization	370	(2)
Seeing Geography: Rio de Janeiro	372	(3)
Inside the City: A Cultural Mosaic	375	(36)
Urban Culture Regions	376	(3)
Downtowns	376	(1)
Residential Areas	376	(3)
Culture in a Globalizing World: Spaces of Inclusion and Exclusion: Urban Ethnic Enclaves	379	(1)
Cultural Diffusion in the City	380	(7)
Centralization	381	(1)
Suburbanization and Decentralization	382	(3)
Gentrification	385	(2)
Cultural Ecology of the City	387	(2)
Urban Weather and Climate	387	(1)
Urban Hydrology	388	(1)
Urban Vegetation	389	(1)
Cultural Interaction and Models of the City	389	(1)
Focus On: The Social Costs of Gentrification: The Case of Society Hill, Philadelphia	390	(5)
Concentric-Zone Model	390	(2)
Sector Model	392	(1)
Multiple-Nuclei Model	393	(1)
Critiques of the Models	394	(1)
The Apartheid and Postapartheid City	394	(1)
Practicing Geography: Susan Hanson	395	(3)
The Soviet and Post-Soviet City	396	(1)
Latin American Model	397	(1)
Urban Landscapes	398	(7)
Themes in Cityscape Study	398	(2)
The New Urban Landscape	400	(5)
Focus On: The Shopping Mall as Social Center: ``Mallingering'' and Consuming at the West Edmonton Mall (WEM)	405	(1)
Conclusion	406	(1)
Doing Geography: Reading ``Your'' Urban Landscape	406	(1)
Seeing Geography: Chinatown, New York City	407	(4)
One World or Many? The Cultural Geography of the Future	411	(24)
Globalization: The End of Geography?	412	(4)
History, Geography, and the Globalization of Everything	412	(1)
The Case for One World	413	(1)
Globalization and Its Discontents	414	(1)
Many Worlds	415	(1)
Culture Regions	416	(1)
The Uneven Geography of Globalization	416	(1)
One Europe or Many?	417	(1)
Focus On: Glocalization Comes to Nunavut	417	(3)
Glocalization	417	(1)
The Geography of the Internet	417	(3)
Cultural Diffusion	420	(2)
The Information Superhighway	421	(1)
Diffusion of the Internet	421	(1)
Diffusion of American Car Culture	422	(1)
Cultural Ecology	422	(1)
Sustainability	422	(1)
Culture in a Globalizing World: China's New Car Culture	423	(1)
Think Globally, Act Locally	424	(1)
Cultural Interaction	424	(1)
Practicing Geography: Susan Mains	425	(3)
The Place(s) of the Global Tourist	425	(1)
World Music	426	(2)
Cultural Landscape	428	(2)
Globalized Landscapes	428	(1)
Striving for the Unique	428	(1)
Wal-Martians Invade Treasured Landscape!	429	(1)
Protecting Europe's Rural Landscape	430	(1)
Conclusion	430	(1)
Doing Geography: Interpreting the Imagery of Globalization	430	(3)
Seeing Geography: Global Reach	433	(2)
Glossary	435	(10)
Index	445