Integrating Music into the Elementary Classroom (with CD)

by Anderson, William M.; Lawrence, Joy E.

• ISBN13: 9780534528263
• ISBN10: 0534528260
• Edition: 6th
• Format: Paperback
• Copyright: 2003-06-04
• Publisher: Schirmer

Summary

The market-leading text for the Elementary School Music Methods course, INTEGRATING MUSIC IN THE ELEMENTARY CLASSROOM boasts an author team who helped set the national standards for teaching music in elementary schools. The first to emphasize the theme of integrating music throughout the school day, Anderson and Lawrence show future educators how to make music an effective part of the entire elementary curriculum. The text introduces the songs, instruments, sources of age-appropriate music, and methods of making music in a multicultural environment--making the text perfect for students with no prior knowledge of the fundamentals of music. With easy-to-use techniques for teaching young children how to sing, play instruments, move to music, create music, listen to music, and understand music, this text relates music to all subject areas. Notably, the authors provide sample lesson plans for kindergarten through grade six, along with more than 150 songs from different cultures and historical periods.

Table of Contents

Introduction	1	(1)
The Importance of Music and Other Arts in the Elementary School	2	(2)
An Integrated Approach to Learning and Teaching	4	(1)
The Plan for This Book	5	(2)
How Children Learn	7	(14)
Basic Types of Learning	7	(2)
Psychomotor Learning	7	(1)
Cognitive Learning	8	(1)
Affective Learning	8	(1)
Learning in Music Needs to Be Active	9	(1)
Teacher-Centered and Child-Centered Learning	9	(1)
The Structure of Musical Learning	10	(3)
Make What You Teach Meaningful	10	(1)
Organize Material Sequentially	10	(1)
Experience Music Before Labeling It	10	(1)
Use a Conceptual Approach to Learning	11	(1)
Use a Multisensory Approach to Learning	11	(1)
Use a Multicultural Approach to Learning	12	(1)
Provide Reinforcement	12	(1)
Teach for Transfer	12	(1)
Techniques for Applying Principles to Musical Learning	13	(5)
Cooperative Learning	13	(1)
Musical Experiences for Inclusive Learning	14	(2)
The Gifted Student	16	(1)
The Mentally Challenged Student	16	(2)
Instructional Technology for the Classroom	18	(3)
Looking for Information About Music on the Internet	19	(1)
Using Instructional Technology	20	(1)
Guidelines for Teaching Music	21	(18)
Designing Integrated Learning Experiences with Music	21	(6)
Identifying Long- and Short-term Goals	22	(1)
Deciding on Musical Concepts	22	(1)
Developing Objectives	23	(1)
Choosing Appropriate Musical Materials and Activities	24	(1)
Teaching and Learning in a Logical Sequence	25	(1)
Deciding on Length and Frequency of Lessons	25	(1)
Relating Music to Students' Personal Lives	26	(1)
Developing Multisensory Experiences	26	(1)
Including Multicultural Experiences	26	(1)
Using Instructional Technology	26	(1)
Bringing Closure to the Learning Experience	27	(1)
Assessing Learning	27	(1)
National Standards in Music Education	27	(1)
Writing Lesson Plans	28	(8)
Reminders for Planning and Teaching Lessons	36	(2)
Some Options to Use When Teaching Music	37	(1)
Making Good Teaching Great Teaching	38	(1)
Using Instructional Technology	38	(1)
Fundamentals of Music: Understanding How Sounds Are Organized in a Musical Composition	39	(38)
Experiences with Melody	39	(16)
A Melody Is Based on a Set of Pitches	39	(1)
A Melody Moves by Steps and Skips	40	(1)
A Melody Has Shape	41	(2)
A Melody Has Range	43	(1)
A Melody Is Made Up of Phrases	44	(1)
A Melody May Be Based on a Scale	45	(6)
A Melody May Contain Accidentals	51	(2)
A Melody Has a Key	53	(2)
Experiences with Rhythm	55	(9)
Rhythm Has a Beat	55	(1)
Rhythm Has Tempo	56	(1)
Rhythm Has Meter	57	(2)
Rhythm May Have Syncopation	59	(1)
Rhythm Patterns May Repeat	60	(2)
Reading Rhythms	62	(2)
Experiences with Texture	64	(3)
Texture May Be Monophonic	64	(1)
Texture May Be Homophonic or Harmonic	64	(1)
Texture May Be Polyphonic	65	(2)
Experiences with Tone Color	67	(2)
Tone Color Varies with the Type and Size of Material Producing the Sound	67	(1)
Tone Color Varies with Different Types of Instruments	67	(1)
Tone Color Varies with Different Types of Voices	67	(1)
Exploring Tone Colors	68	(1)
Experiences with Dynamics	69	(2)
Dynamic Levels May Be Soft or Loud	69	(1)
Dynamic Level May Gradually Get Louder (Crescendo) or Softer (Decrescendo)	69	(2)
Experiences with Musical Forms	71	(6)
Repeated Musical Ideas Unify Compositions, and Contrasting Ideas Provide Variety	71	(5)
Using Instructional Technology	76	(1)
Teaching Music Through Singing	77	(54)
Characteristics of the Child Voice and Children's Song Interests	77	(5)
Preschool and Kindergarten (Ages Four and Five)	79	(1)
Early Primary: First and Second Grades (Ages Six and Seven)	80	(1)
Intermediate: Third and Fourth Grades (Ages Eight and Nine)	81	(1)
Upper Elementary: Fifth and Sixth Grades (Ages Ten and Eleven)	81	(1)
Techniques for Teaching Children to Sing	82	(9)
Creating an Environment for Singing Experiences	82	(1)
Improving Posture	82	(1)
Teaching Good Breathing Habits to Support the Tone	82	(1)
Finding the Head Voice	83	(1)
Developing the Ability to Match Tones	84	(3)
Developing the Concepts of High and Low	87	(2)
Discovering Patterns	89	(2)
Preparing to Teach a Song	91	(4)
Leading a Song	95	(3)
Teaching Songs to Children	98	(11)
Teaching a Song by Rote	98	(1)
Guidelines for Teaching Songs to Children	99	(3)
Teaching a Song by Rote-Note	102	(1)
Teaching a Song by Note: The Kodaly Approach	103	(4)
Singing Additive Songs	107	(2)
Teaching Part Singing	109	(22)
Lining Out a Song	109	(1)
Singing Canons	110	(2)
Singing Dialogue Songs or Echo Songs	112	(2)
Singing Call-and-Response Songs	114	(2)
Adding Descants	116	(4)
Adding Countermelodies	120	(2)
Singing Ostinato Chants	122	(2)
Singing Rounds	124	(1)
Singing Partner Songs	125	(5)
Using Instructional Technology	130	(1)
Integrating Songs with Other Subjects and Activities	131	(72)
Integrative Category: Action	132	(4)
Integrative Category: Animals	136	(7)
Integrative Category: Circus	143	(2)
Integrative Category: Social Studies---Geography	145	(5)
Integrative Category: Social Studies---History	150	(2)
Integrative Category: Holidays	152	(31)
Rosh Hashanah (Jewish New Year)	152	(1)
Halloween	152	(3)
Thanksgiving, Sukkot, and Shavuot	155	(4)
Hanukkah	159	(2)
Christmas	161	(5)
Kwanzaa	166	(2)
New Year's Day	168	(2)
Martin Luther King Jr. Day	170	(2)
Chinese New Year	172	(2)
Valentine's Day	174	(2)
Presidents' Day: George Washington	176	(3)
Presidents' Day: Abraham Lincoln	179	(2)
Saint Patrick's Day	181	(2)
Integrative Category: Patriotic Songs of the United States of America	183	(1)
Integrative Category: Getting Acquainted	184	(3)
Integrative Category: Human Relationships and Emotions	187	(1)
Integrative Category: Language Arts	188	(1)
Integrative Category: Mathematics	189	(1)
Integrative Category: Science	190	(1)
Integrative Category: Seasons	191	(1)
Integrative Category: Transportation	192	(11)
Teaching Music Through Playing Classroom Instruments	203	(52)
Melody Instruments	204	(21)
Piano and Electronic Keyboards	205	(5)
Transposition	210	(1)
Melody Bells	211	(2)
Resonator bells	213	(1)
Xylophone	213	(1)
Glockenspiel	214	(1)
Metallophone	214	(1)
Handbells	215	(1)
Tone Chimes	215	(1)
Recorder	215	(4)
Using Melody Instruments in the Classroom	219	(6)
Harmonic Instruments	225	(13)
Autoharp	225	(3)
Omnichord	228	(1)
Guitar	229	(9)
Percussion Instruments	238	(6)
Woods	238	(2)
Metals	240	(2)
Skins	242	(1)
How to Select an Appropriate Instrument	243	(1)
Playing Rhythm Accompaniments to Songs	244	(2)
Developing a Rhythm Ensemble (Grades K--3)	246	(1)
Methods and Materials for Integrating Instrumental Experiences into the Classroom	247	(3)
Language Arts (Grades 4--6)	247	(1)
Science: Sound (Grades 4--6)	248	(1)
How to Make Your Own Musical Instruments	249	(1)
Social Studies---History: Medieval/Renaissance (Grades 4--6)	250	(1)
Social Studies---Geography: American West (Grades 4--6)	250	(1)
Sample Lessons	250	(5)
Using Instructional Technology	254	(1)
Teaching Music Through Listening	255	(58)
The Chain of Events in Musical Expression	256	(1)
The Composer	256	(1)
The Performer	256	(1)
The Composer/Performer	257	(1)
The Listener	257	(1)
Sounds Produced by Voices	257	(1)
Sounds Produced by Western Orchestral Instruments	257	(11)
Stringed Instruments	257	(2)
Wind Instruments	259	(4)
Percussion Instruments	263	(3)
Keyboard Instruments	266	(2)
Electronic Instruments	268	(1)
Performing Ensembles	268	(4)
Orchestra	268	(3)
Band	271	(1)
Chorus	271	(1)
How to Guide Listening	272	(1)
Levels of Listening	272	(1)
The Teacher's Role	272	(1)
Guidelines for Planning Listening Lessons	273	(1)
Techniques for Teaching Students to Listen to Music	274	(17)
Visual Representations	274	(2)
Written Listening Guides	276	(2)
The Familiar Song in a Musical Composition	278	(3)
Moving to Music	281	(1)
Playing Instruments	282	(1)
Songs Used in Larger Musical Compositions	283	(3)
Sample Lesson Plans	286	(5)
Integrating Listening Experiences into the Classroom	291	(17)
Music and Drama: Opera	291	(2)
Music and Drama: Oratorio	293	(3)
Music and Dance: Ballet	296	(2)
Program Music	298	(10)
Preparing Students to Attend a Concert	308	(5)
Sample Concert	308	(3)
Using Instructional Technology	311	(2)
Teaching Music Through Movement	313	(40)
Developing Body Awareness in Space	314	(6)
Movement As an Expression of Problem Solving	314	(1)
Movement As an Expression of Imagery	315	(3)
Movement with No External Beat	318	(1)
Movement to a Beat with a Sense of Timing	318	(2)
Expressing Musical Concepts Through Movement: The Dalcroze Approach	320	(7)
Concept: Beat/Meter	320	(3)
Concept: Fast, Slow, Getting Faster, Getting Slower	323	(1)
Concept: Accents	324	(1)
Concept: Dynamics	325	(1)
Concept: Rhythm Patterns	325	(2)
Concept: Melodic Contour	327	(1)
Interpreting Musical Ideas Through Movement	327	(8)
What Inspires Interpretative Movement?	327	(1)
General Guidelines for Planning Movement Experiences	328	(1)
Abstract Interpretative Movement	329	(1)
Dramatic Interpretative Movement	330	(5)
Playing Singing Games and Dancing	335	(18)
Additional Singing Games and Dances Appearing in Other Areas of This Book	351	(1)
Using Instructional Technology	351	(2)
Creative Experiences with Music	353	(28)
The Orff Approach	354	(1)
Improvising and Organizing Sounds	354	(8)
Rhythm in Speech	355	(1)
Rhythm Speech Canons	356	(1)
Improvising Melodies	357	(1)
Ostinato Patterns (Rhythmic and Melodic)	358	(2)
Improvising an Accompaniment to a Song	360	(2)
Improvising Rhythms with Classroom Instruments	362	(1)
Creative Experiences with Vocal Sounds	362	(1)
Creative Experiences with Instrumental Sounds	363	(3)
Follow the Leader	364	(2)
Creative Experiences with Environmental Sounds	366	(1)
Creative Experiences with Body Sounds	366	(4)
Factory District in Sound	367	(1)
Creating a Musical Video	368	(1)
Creating a Percussion Accompaniment to a Song	368	(1)
Creating a Percussion Composition	369	(1)
Creative Experiences with Writing Melodies or Songs	370	(11)
What Makes an Interesting Melody?	371	(1)
Preparing Students to Write Melodies or Songs	371	(1)
Writing a Melody Using a Pentatonic Scale	372	(1)
Writing a Melody Using a Seven-Note Scale (Major/Minor)	373	(1)
Setting a Poem to Music	374	(3)
Writing an Original Poem and Setting It to Music	377	(1)
Standard Melody Forms	377	(3)
Using Instructional Technology	380	(1)
Integrating Music with the Study of Peoples, Places, and Cultures	381	(52)
Some Suggested Classroom Experiences	382	(1)
Music of African Peoples	383	(11)
Background Information for the Class	383	(1)
Some General Characteristics of African Music	384	(1)
Teaching African Music: Suggestions for Lessons	385	(9)
Music of Asian Peoples: China and Japan	394	(11)
Background Information for the Class	394	(1)
Some General Characteristics of Chinese and Japanese Music	395	(1)
Teaching Chinese and Japanese Music: Suggestions for Lessons	396	(9)
Music of European Peoples	405	(9)
Background Information for the Class	405	(1)
Some General Characteristics of European Music	406	(1)
Teaching European Music: Suggestions for Lessons	406	(8)
American Music	414	(19)
Background Information for the Class	414	(1)
Teaching American Music: Suggestions for Lessons	415	(17)
Using Instructional Technology	432	(1)
Experiences with Music and Other Arts	433	(46)
Using Analogous Concepts in Relating Music and the Arts	434	(12)
Suggestions for Lessons	434	(12)
Using a Thematic Approach in Relating Music and the Arts	446	(10)
Suggestions for Lessons	447	(9)
Using a Historical Approach in Relating Music and the Arts	456	(9)
Suggestions for Lessons	456	(9)
Using a Cross-Cultural Approach in Relating Music and the Arts	465	(2)
Planning and Presenting a Program	467	(12)
Purpose	467	(1)
Planning	467	(1)
Rehearsals	467	(1)
Program I: A Musical Horn of Plenty (Thanksgiving)	468	(1)
Program II: Liberty	469	(5)
Program III: A Musical Fiesta---South of the Border	474	(4)
Committees	478	(1)
Additional Ideas for Festivals or Programs	478	(1)
Appendix A Selected Soprano Recorder Fingerings (Baroque System)	479	(1)
Appendix B Common Chord Fingerings for the Guitar	480	(1)
Glossary	481	(4)
Two-Chord Songs	485	(1)
Three-Chord Songs	485	(1)
Index of Listening Examples	486	(2)
General Index	488