ISO 14000 Environmental Management

by Goetsch, David L.; Davis, Stanley

• ISBN13: 9780130812360
• ISBN10: 0130812366
• Edition: 1st
• Format: Paperback
• Copyright: 2000-04-25
• Publisher: Pearson

Summary

Theonlycomplete book on ISO 14000 written as a practical resource and how-to guide, this book provides a step-by-step model for understanding the ISO 14000 standard. Filling the void for a book related to environmental protection and management, it effectively translates the often-confusing requirements into understandable language.Topics covered include the background of ISO 14000, decoding and implementing ISO 14000, requirements of ISO 14000, the Environmental Management System (EMS), EMS Documentation, registration and the audit process, EMS performance improvement and other ISO standards, issues, and developments.For environmental ISO 14000 professionals, as well as mangers and supervisors of organizations with environmental concerns.

Table of Contents

Background of ISO 14000 and Why It Exists	1	(13)
Standards and Standardization	1	(2)
International Organization for Standardization	3	(1)
Origin of ISO 14000	4	(3)
Objective of ISO 14000	7	(1)
Scope of ISO 14000	7	(1)
Applicability of ISO 14000	8	(1)
Rationale for ISO 14000 Registration	8	(5)
Decoding ISO 14000	13	(12)
Component Parts of ISO 14000 and Their Relationships	13	(3)
ISO 14001 Environmental Management Systems---Specifications with Guidance for Use	15	(1)
ISO 14004 Environmental Management Systems---General Guidelines on Principles, Systems and Supporting Techniques	16	(1)
ISO 14010 Guidelines for Environmental Auditing---General Principles	16	(1)
ISO 14011 Guidelines for Environmental Auditing---Audit Procedures---Auditing of Environmental Management Systems	16	(1)
ISO 14012 Guidelines for Environmental Auditing---Qualification Criteria for Environmental Auditors	16	(1)
Language of ISO 14000	16	(4)
Legal Considerations and Requirements	20	(5)
Requirements of ISO 14000	25	(72)
Relationship of ISO 14000 and Regulatory Requirements	25	(1)
Specific ISO 14000 Requirements	26	(71)
Requirements Section 1: General---Environmental Management System	26	(1)
Requirements Section 2: Commitment and Policy	27	(10)
Requirements Section 3: Planning	37	(14)
Requirements Section 4: Implementation	51	(26)
Requirements Section 5: Measurement and Evaluation	77	(10)
Requirements Section 6: Review and Improvement	87	(10)
The Environmental Management System (EMS)	97	(24)
Definition---What is an EMS?	97	(1)
EMS References in ISO 14000	98	(1)
Management Responsibility	99	(2)
Elements of an EMS and Extent of Application	101	(2)
EMS Structure	103	(3)
Documenting the EMS	106	(5)
Verifying the Integrity of the EMS	111	(3)
Review and Evaluation of the EMS	114	(7)
EMS Documentation	121	(14)
Definition of Documentation	121	(1)
ISO 14000 Documentation Requirements	122	(4)
Format Requirements	126	(1)
Reformatting Preexisting Documentation	127	(1)
Combining Required Documentation	128	(1)
Cross-Referencing Required Documentation	129	(1)
Structure of the Documentation System	129	(1)
Electronic Documentation	130	(5)
Registration and the Audit Process	135	(32)
Self-Declaration or Certification/Registration	135	(2)
Registration Process	137	(4)
Selecting a Registrar	141	(2)
EMS Audit---Definition	143	(1)
Auditors	144	(2)
Types of EMS Audits	146	(3)
Objectives of EMS Audits	149	(1)
Audit Scope	150	(1)
Audit Process	151	(8)
Follow-Up Activities	159	(8)
Follow-Up Activities---Registrar Audits	159	(2)
Follow-Up Activities---Internal Audits	161	(6)
EMS Performance Improvement	167	(12)
Improvement Versus Maintenance	167	(3)
A Heads-Up for ISO 9000 Organizations	170	(1)
Continual Improvement Requirements of ISO 14000	171	(2)
Improvement Beyond Requirements	173	(2)
What World-Class Organizations Do	175	(4)
Implementing ISO 14000: Steps To Registration	179	(26)
Organizational Decision to Implement ISO 14000	179	(3)
Deciding Whether to Pursue ISO 14000 Registration	182	(1)
Potential Registration Problems	183	(2)
Minimizing Registration Costs	185	(3)
Fifteen Steps to Registration	188	(12)
Follow-Up to Registration	200	(5)
Other ISO Standards, Issues, and Developments	205	(8)
ISO 9000	205	(2)
Occupational Health and Safety	207	(1)
Anticipated Issues and Developments	208	(5)
ISO 14000 Checklist	213	(12)
Purpose of the Checklist	213	(1)
Checklist Format	213	(1)
How to Use the Checklist	214	(1)
ISO 14000 Checklist	214	(11)
Appendix A ISO Member Body Roll (Full Members)	225	(8)
Index	233

Excerpts

Preface WHY WAS THIS BOOK WRITTEN AND FOR WHOM? ISO 14000: Environmental Managementwas written in response to the need for a practical teaching resource and a how-to guide that would provide a step-by-step model for understanding the ISO 14000 standard and its supporting documents, and for implementation and registration to the standard. It was the authors'' intent in the writing of this book that it serve a dual role. First, it was written to be used as a primary text in courses based on ISO 14000, the international standard for environmental management systems, and as a supplemental text in courses dealing with environmental protection and environmental management. Second, for private and public sector organizations whose operations could have environmental impacts, the book was designed to be used as a practical hands-on manual for implementing an environmental management system conforming to ISO 14000 at an affordable cost. Interest in ISO 14000 registration has gained momentum even faster than was the case with ISO 9000, the international quality management standard. The reasons for this are in part obvious, and in part subtle. Since the beginning of the ecological movement in the early 1960s, concern for the wellbeing of the planet has become a significant political force. Contamination of the atmosphere, of rivers, lakes and oceans, and of the soil was largely overlooked or ignored until recently. Given the scientific data now available to us, it is clear that the planet cannot continue to sustain its many and varied inhabitants if we continue to treat it as we have. Pollution is no longer acceptable. ISO 14000 was created by the International Organization for Standardization (ISO) with participation of 50 national delegations from around the world. Its aim is to support environmental protection and the prevention of pollution. With the acceptance and use of ISO 9000, organizations found that by improving their processes--that is, the way they did things--not only was product or service quality improved, but also costs of production were almost always reduced. We now understand that reducing or eliminating pollution can have a similar effect. Processes that have environmental aspects can be both pollution-free and less expensive. The initial push to reduce pollution has come from governments. That is very much in evidence in the developed nations, and is already a factor in much of the rest of the world. Just as it did with ISO 9000, a secondary emphasis is coming from large customer organizations as they flow down their environmental management requirements to their supplier tiers. Finally, the end users of products or services--customers like you and me--will eventually differentiate between producers that have good environmental track records, and those that do not. As this unfolds, conformance to ISO 14000 is becoming a prerequisite for organizations to successfully compete in the world''s markets. ORGANIZATION OF THIS BOOK This book begins with a comprehensive background of the International Organization for Standardization, and of the ISO 14000 standard and why it came into being. Chapter 2 leads the reader through the component parts of ISO 14000 and their relationships with each other and with ISO 9000, and provides clarification for the sometimes confusing language of the standard. Chapter 3 establishes all of the requirements of the standard in a way that is easily understood. Chapter 4 defines and develops an understanding of the concept of an environmental management system (EMS) and its elements, structure, and supporting activities. Chapter 5 clearly defines the documentation and documentation system required, and elaborates on what must be and what need not be documented. Chapter 6 explains and clarifies the registration and audit processes, and offers recommendations for the selection of registrars. Chapter 7 expands on the concept of continual improvement as anticipated by ISO 14000. Chapter 8 provides a step-by-step process for taking the organization through preparation for registration, and finally through the registration audit--and doing it at minimum cost. Also explained is how the organization may secure many of the benefits of ISO 14000 without registration. Chapter 9 briefly discusses other related ISO standards that already exist or are anticipated. Chapter 10 offers an inclusive checklist that will assist organizations in assessing their readiness for registration or self-declaration of conformance. With the checklist, it is possible not only to determine areas that already meet the requirements of ISO 14000, but also the specific actions that must be taken for conformance or registration.