There are general histories of the Japanese economy and business such as the above, but they only have passing reference to German involvement. Our book is the only English language book available to exclusively cover this area.

List of tables

viii

(1)

Series editor's preface

ix

(2)

Acknowledgments

xi

Introduction

1

(10)

Part I Overview

11

(24)

1 Japanese-German business relations

11

(24)

I Japanese-German relations in the inter-war period

11

(7)

II Strategy choices of German companies

18

(3)

III Forms of business relationships

21

(11)

IV Conclusion

32

(3)

Part II Export strategy

35

(54)

2 Competition and cooperation: I.G. Farben, international dyestuff cartels, and Japan

35

(14)

I German dominance and the Japanese challenge in the 1920s

35

(2)

II The Japan strategy of the international dyestuff cartels

37

(5)

III The conclusion of special market agreements

42

(2)

IV The Mitsui indigo agreement

44

(4)

V Conclusion

48

(1)

3 Rivalry between German and Japanese trading companies: C. Illies & Co. and Mitsubishi Shoji

49

(17)

I The actors

49

(6)

II The battle

55

(9)

III Conclusion

64

(2)

4 Competition and cooperation among German companies: Krupp, I.G. Farben, and Japan's synthetic oil project

66

(23)

I Japan's project for synthetic oil production and Krupp's activities in Japan

67

(7)

II Action taken by Oshima of Imperial Fuel, and Krupp and I.G. Farben's response

74

(11)

III Conclusion

85

(4)

Part III Licensing Strategy

89

(76)

5 Downstream transfer of the Krupp-Renn process

89

(21)

I The Krupp-Renn process and Japanese businesses

89

(4)

II The plant-construction process

93

(7)

III The technology-absorption process at Mitsubishi Mining's Chongjin plant

100

(7)

IV Conclusion

107

(3)

6 Downstream transfer of the Harber-Bosch process

110

(20)

I Diffusion of the Haber-Bosch process in Japan

111

(5)

II Technological absorption of the Haber-Bosch process by Taki Fertilizer Works

116

(11)

III Conclusion

127

(3)

7 Downstream transfer of the I.G. process for Synthetic oil

130

(18)

I I.G. Farben's licensing strategy and the Japanese synthetic oil industry

130

(3)

II Development of licensing strategy

133

(7)

III Probbing the unsuccessful results

140

(4)

IV Conclusion

144

(4)

8 Upstream transfer of the Shimadzu process

148

(17)

I Technological cooperation on an equal footing: the establishment of Ost Lurgi

149

(3)

II An attempt at licensing upstream

152

(5)

III Revision of the technological cooperation

157

(4)

IV Conclusion

161

(4)

Part IV Direct investment strategy

165

(58)

9 Giving up control: Siemens, Fuji Electric, and Fujitsu

165

(53)

I The period of forced export strategy

166

(11)

II From localization of sales to localization of manufacturing

177

(10)

III Fuji Electric's management crisis and the move toward cooperation

187

(8)

IV Forced localization of automatic switchboard manufacturing

195

(12)

V The forced separation of companies

207

(8)

VI Conclusion

215

(3)

10 Concluding remarks

218

(5)

Summary

218

(2)

Ambition and pride

220

(3)

Notes

223

(39)

Bibliography

262

(17)

Index

279

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Japanese-German Business Relations: Co-operation and Rivalry in the Interwar Period

9780415149716

0415149711

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