Jasper's Basic Mechanisms of the Epilepsies

by Delgado-Escueta, Antonio V., M.D.; Wilson, Wilkie A., Ph.D.; Olsen, Richard W.; Porter, Roger J.

• ISBN13: 9780781714389
• ISBN10: 0781714389
• Edition: 3rd
• Format: Hardcover
• Copyright: 1999-07-01
• Publisher: Lippincott Williams & Wilkins

Summary

Univ. of California, Los Angeles. Contains the latest research in neurology, pharmaceutical approaches, future investigation, and practical strategies for the diagnosis and treatment of idiopathic and symptomatic epilepsies. For clinicians and researchers. Halftone illustrations.

Table of Contents

Contributing Authors	xvii
Foreword	xxix
Preface	xxxi
Acknowledgments	xxxiii
Section I: Introduction: The Provinces of the Epilepsies for Basic Research
New Waves of Research in the Epilepsies: Crossing into the Third Millennium	3	(56)
Antonio V. Delgado-Escueta
Wilkie A. Wilson
Richard W. Olsen
Roger J. Porter
Genetic Heterogeneity and Epidemiology of the Epilepsies	59	(22)
V. Elving Anderson
W. Allen Hauser
Stephen S. Rich
Section II: Neural Development, Genes, and the Epilepsies
Section II Introduction	75	(6)
Antonio V. Delgado-Escueta
Wilkie A. Wilson
Richard W. Olsen
Roger J. Porter
Homebox Genes in Development	81	(14)
Edoardo Boncinelli
Cortical Dysplasias, Genetics, and Epileptogenesis	95	(28)
Renzo Guerrini
Eva Andermann
Massimo Avoli
William B. Dobyns
The Relevance of Slight Migrational Disturbances (Microdysgenesis) to the Etiology of the Epilepsies	123	(10)
H.J. Meencke
G. Veith
The Role of Neural Activity in Synaptic Development and Its Implications for Adult Brain Function	133	(12)
Sandra M. Aamodt
Martha Constantine-Paton
Ontogeny of Channels, Transmitters, and Epileptogenesis	145	(16)
Arnold R. Kriegstein
David F. Ownes
Massimo Avoli
Age-Dependent Vulnerability to Seizures	161	(10)
E.F. Sperber
J. Veliskova
I.M. Germano
L.K. Friedman
S.L. Moshe
Nicotinic Receptor: A Prototype of Allosteric Ligand-Gated Ion Channels and Its Possible Implications in Epilepsy	171	(18)
Daniel Bertrand
Jean-Pierre Changeux
GABA is the Principal Fast Acting Excitatory Transmitter in the Neonatal Brain	189	(14)
Xavier Leinekugel
Ilgram Khalilov
Heather McLean
Olivier Caillard
Jean-Luc Gaiarsa
Yehezkel Ben-Ari
Roustem Khazipov
Developmental Neuroplasticity: Roles in Early Life Seizures and Chronic Epilepsy	203	(24)
John W. Swann
Martha G. Pierson
Karen L. Smith
Chong L. Lee
Section III: The Idiopathic Epilepsies
Section III Introduction	219	(8)
Antonio V. Delgado-Escueta
Richard W. Olsen
Wilkie A. Wilson
Roger J. Porter
Single-Gene Models of Epilepsy	227	(12)
Jeffrey L. Noebels
Studies of the Lethargic (1h/1h) Mouse Model of Absence Seizures: Regulatory Mechanisms and Identification of the lh Gene	239	(14)
GABA Receptors in the 1h/1h Mouse Model of Absence Seizures	240	(7)
David A. Hosford
Fu-Hsiung Lin
Ying Wang
Sarah J. Caddick
Positional Cloning of the 1h Absence Disease Gene	247	(6)
Michele Rees
Nicholas J. Parkinson
Jane Barclay
Roger D. Cox
R. Mark Gardiner
David A. Hosford
Peter Denton
Ying Wang
Michael F. Seldin
Baowei Chen
Absence Epilepsy: Advances in Experimental Animal Models	253	(26)
O. Carter Snead III
Antoine Depaulis
Marguerite Vergnes
Christian Marescaux
Experimental Models of Multifactorial Epilepsies: The EL Mouse and Mice Susceptible to Audiogenic Seizures	279	(12)
Thomas N. Seyfried
Mariana Todorova
Michael J. Poderycki
Transgenic Approaches to Epilepsy	291	(6)
Miklos Toth
Laurence Tecott
Intrinsic Properties of Reticular Thalamic Neurons Relevant to Genetically Determined Spike-Wave Generation	297	(14)
Giuliano Avanzini
Marco de Curtis
Hans-Christian Pape
Roberto Spreafico
Neuronal Networks in the Genetically Epilepsy-Prone Rat	311	(12)
Carl Faingold
Genetic Epidemiology and the Search for Epilepsy Genes	323	(18)
Karen A. Weissbecker
Robert C. Elston
David Greenberg
Antonio V. Delgado-Escueta
Genes for Rare Idiopathic Generalized Epilepsies: BFNC	341	(10)
Nanda Singh
Carole Charlier
Andy Peiffer
Dora Stauffer
Roberta Melis
Mary-Anne Enoch
David Goldman
Scott Rogers
V. Elving Anderson
Mark Leppert
Mapping and Positional Cloning of Common Idiopathic Generalized Epilepsies: Juvenile Myoclonus Epilepsy and Childhood Absence Epilepsy	351	(24)
Antonio V. Delgado-Escueta
Marco T. Medina
Jose M. Serratosa
Ignacio Pascual Castroviejo
Manyee N. Gee
Karen A. Weissbecker
B.W.H. Westling
C.Y. Fong
Maria E. Alonso
Sergio Cordova
Pravina Shah
Sonia Khan
Jesus Sainz
F. Rubio-Donnadieu
Robert S. Sparkes
Genes of Partial Epilepsies	375	(8)
Samuel F. Berkovic
Ortrud K. Steinlein
The Molecular Genetic Basis of the Progressive Myoclonus Epilepsies	383	(16)
Jose M. Serratosa
R. Marc Gardiner
Anna-Elina Lehesjoki
Len A. Pennachio
Richard M. Myers
Dentatorubral-Pallidoluysian Atrophy (DRPLA): Clinical Features and Molecular Genetics	399	(12)
Shoji Tsuji
Mitochondrial Genes for Generalized Epilepsies	411	(10)
Salvatore DiMauro
Romana Kulikova
Kurenai Tanji
Eduardo Bonilla
Michio Hirano
Parental Imprinting and Angelman Syndrome	421	(20)
Marc Lalande
Berge A. Minassian
Timothy M. DeLorey
Richard W. Olsen
Section IV: Symptomatic Lesional Epilepsies
Overview Introduction	433	(4)
Antonio V. Delgado-Escueta
Roger J. Porter
IV-A. Neuronal channels, receptors and transporters: Molecular structure, gating, and pharmacology
Section IV-A Introduction	437	(4)
Richard W. Olsen
Antonio V. Delgado-Escueta
Molecular Properties of Brain Sodium Channels: An Important Target for Anticonvulsant Drugs	441	(16)
William A. Catterall
Chemical Modulation of Sodium Channels and GABAA Receptor Channel	457	(24)
Toshio Narahashi
Voltage-Dependent Activation of Ion Channels	481	(12)
Diane M. Papazian
Francisco Bezanilla
Membrane Properties and Epilepsy	493	(6)
Wayne E. Crill
Peter C. Schwindt
GABA Receptor Function and Epilepsy	499	(12)
Richard W. Olsen
Timothy M. DeLorey
Marina Gordey
Maeng-Hee Kang
Ligand-gated Channel: Postsynaptic Receptors and Drug Targets	511	(14)
Meyer B. Jackson
Glutamate Receptor Channels: A Possible Link between RNA Editing in the Brain and Epilepsy	525	(10)
Rolf Sprengel
Miyoko Higuchi
Hannah Monyer
Peter H. Seeburg
Antibodies to Glutamate Receptors: A Role in Excitatory Dysregulation of the Central Nervous System	535	(8)
Roy E. Twyman
Scott W. Rogers
Lorise C. Gahring
Noel G. Carlson
Sean D. Donevan
Evidence for Glutamate Receptor Autoimmunity in Pathogenesis of Rasmussen's Encephalitis	543	(8)
James O. McNamara
Karl D. Whitney
P. Ian Andrews
Xiao-Ping He
Sridevi Janumpalli
Manisha N. Patel
GABA and Glutamate Transporters: Therapeutic and Etiological Implications for Epilepsy	551	(14)
Vickie R. Roettger
Susan G. Amara
IV-B. Glia and Epilepsy
Section IV-B Introduction	561	(4)
Antonio V. Delgado-Escueta
Physiology of Glial Cells	565	(8)
Helmut Kettenmann
Modulation of Neuronal Excitability by Astrocytes	573	(10)
Steve Duffy
Brian A. MacVicar
Contribution of Astrocytes to Seizure Activity	583	(8)
U. Heinemann
Siegrun Gabriel
Sebastian Schuchmann
Claudia Eder
The Molecular Neuron-Glia Couple and Epileptogenesis	591	(16)
Thierry Grisar
Bernard Lakaye
Elizabeth Thomas
Lucien Bettendorf
Arlette Minet
IV-C: Initiation, Synchronization, and Spread of Epileptic Discharges
Section IV-C Introduction	603	(4)
Suzanne Clarke
Wilkie A. Wilson
Antonio V. Delgado-Escueta
Mechanisms of Epileptogenesis	607	(24)
Suzanne Clark
Wilkie A. Wilson
Synaptic Plasticity in Kindling	631	(14)
Istvan Mody
Presynaptic and Postsynaptic Mechanisms of Long-Term Potentiation	645	(14)
Asha Nayak
Michael D. Browning
Second Messengers, Long-Term Potentiation, Gene Expression, and Epileptogenesis	659	(6)
Nicolas G. Bazan
Michael J. Serou
Epileptogenic Neurons and Circuits	665	(20)
David A. Prince
Role of Metabotropic Glutamate Receptors in Epilepsy	685	(14)
Robert K.S. Wong
Riccardo Bianchi
Gregory W. Taylor
Lisa R. Merlin
Mechanisms of Neuronal Synchronization During Epileptiform Activity	699	(10)
F. Edward Dudek
Peter Patrylo
Jean-Pierre Wuarin
Functionally Relevant and Functionally Disruptive (Epileptic) Synchronized Oscillations in Brain Slices	709	(16)
Roger D. Traub
John G.R. Jefferys
Miles A. Whittington
Basic Mechanisms of Status Epilepticus	725	(12)
Douglas A. Coulter
Robert J. DeLorenzo
IV-D: Epileptic Cell Damage and Epileptogenesis
Section IV-D Introduction	735	(2)
Suzanne Clarke
Wilkie A. Wilson
Antonio V. Delgado-Escueta
Neurocytology of a Primate Model of Human Temporal Lobe Epilepsy	737	(6)
Charles E. Ribak
Roy A.E. Bakay
Neuronal Loss and Synaptic Reorganization in Temporal Lobe Epilepsy	743	(20)
Carolyn R. Houser
Synaptic Reorganizations in Human and Rat Hippocampal Epilepsy	763	(18)
Thomas L. Babb
Physiological and Anatomical Correlates of the Human Dentate Gyrus: Consequences or Causes of Epilepsy	781	(14)
Leona M. Masukawa
L.J. Burdette
P. McGonigle
H. Wang
W.O'Connor
M.R. Sperling
M.J.O'Connor
K. Uruno
Excitability Changes in Epileptic Human Dentate Gyrus and Temporal Neocortex	795	(10)
Anne Williamson
The Role of Nonprincipal Cells in Dentate Gyrus Excitability and its Relevance to Animal Models of Epilepsy and Temporal Lobe Epilepsy	805	(16)
Helen E. Scharfman
Excitation and Inhibition in Temporal Lobe Epilepsy: A Close Encounter	821	(8)
Christophe Bernard
June C. Hirsch
Yehezkel Ben-Ari
Seizure-Induced Hippocampal Damage and Chronic Epilepsy: A Hebbian Theory of Epileptogenesis	829	(16)
Claude G. Wasterlain
Andre M. Mazarati
Yukiyoshi Shirasaka
Kerry W. Thompson
LaRoy Penix
Hantao Liu
Hiroshi Katsumori
Epilepsy and the Blood Brain Barrier: Endothelial Cell Responses to Seizures	845	(28)
Eain M. Cornford
Section V: Frontiers in Brain Imaging and Therapeutics
Section V Introduction	865	(8)
William H. Theodore
Antonio V. Delgado-Escueta
Roger J. Porter
Cerebral Blood Flow and Glucose Metabolism in Human Epilepsy	873	(10)
William H. Theodore
Basic Mechanisms of Childhood Epilepsies: Studies with Positron Emission Tomography	883	(10)
Harry T. Chugani
Diane C. Chugani
Positron Emission Tomography Receptor Studies	893	(8)
John S. Duncan
Positron Emission Tomography: The Contribution of Cognitive Activation Paradigms to the Understanding of the Epilepsies	901	(16)
Barbara E. Swartz
Mark A. Mandelkern
New Nuclear Magnetic Resonance Measurements in Epilepsy: General Introduction, Functional Magnetic Resonance Imaging, Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy, and Diffusion-Weighted Imaging	917	(8)
James W. Prichard
New Nuclear Magnetic Resonance Measurements in Epilepsy: Diffusion-Weighted Magnetic Resonance Imaging of Spreading Depression	925	(6)
Christopher H. Sotak
New Nuclear Magnetic Resonance Measurements in Epilepsy: T2 Relaxometry and Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy	931	(8)
Graeme D. Jackson
Alan Connelly
New Nuclear Magnetic Resonance Measurements in Epilepsy: Measuring Brain GABA in Patients with Complex Partial Seizures	939	(8)
Ognen A. C. Petroff
Kevin L. Behar
Douglas L. Rothman
AMPA Receptors in Epilepsy and as Targets for Antiepileptic Drugs	947	(18)
Michael A. Rogawski
Sean D. Donevan
Excitatory Amino Acid Receptors and Antiepileptic Drug Development	965	(14)
Brain S. Meldrum
Astrid G. Champman
Pharmacological Properties of Recombinant and Hippocampal Dentate Granule Cell GABAA Receptors	979	(12)
Robert L. Macdonald
Jaideep Kapur
Neuronal Circuitry of Thalamocortical Epilepsy and Mechanisms of Anti-Absence Drug Action	991	(10)
John R. Huguenard
Adenosine and Suppression of Seizures	1001	(10)
Thomas V. Dunwiddie
Mechanisms of New Antiepileptic Drugs	1011	(16)
Charles P. Taylor
Genetic Analysis of Neuronal Physiology with Defective Herpes Simplex Virus Vectors	1027	(6)
Rachael L. Neve
Alfred I. Geller
Subject Index	1033