Key Ideas in Criminology and Criminal Justice

by Travis C. Pratt

• ISBN13: 9781412970143
• ISBN10: 1412970148
• Format: Paperback
• Copyright: 2010-10-20
• Publisher: SAGE Publications, Inc

Summary

Key Ideas in Criminology and Criminal Justice is an innovative, fascinating treatment of some of the seminal theories in criminology and key policies in criminal justice, offering a detailed and nuanced picture of these core ideas. With a fluid, accessible, and lively writing style, this brief text is organized around major theories, ideas, and movements that mark a turning point in the field, and concludes with a discussion of the future of criminology and criminal justice. Readers will learn about the most salient criminological and criminal justice research and understand its influence on theory and policy. They will also understand the surrounding socio-political conditions from which the ideas sprang and the style and manner in which they weredisseminated , both of which helped these scholarly contributions become cornerstones in the fields of criminology and criminal justice. 

Table of Contents

Introduction

Key Idea: Rational Offending and Rational Punishment

The Social Context of Criminal Punishment

Beccaria's Proposal

Why it Caught On

Influence: The Rise of the Classical School of Criminology

Empirical Analyses and Critiques of Free Will, Rationality, and Deterrence

Key Idea: The Science of Criminal Behavior

The Social Context: A Time Without Criminology

The Road to Lombroso

Lombroso and the Body of the Criminal

The Dissemination of Lombroso's Theories

Criticisms of Lombroso's Theories

Lombroso's Influence

Key Idea: Understanding Crime and Society

The Social Context of the Early Twentieth Century

Social Disorganization and Anomie/Strain Theories

Rejecting Individualism

The Legacy of Anomie/Strain and Social Disorganization Theories

Key Idea: Hirschi's Social Bond/Social Control Theory

The Social Context of the 1960s

Social Bond/Social Control Theory

The Marketing of Social Bond/Social Control Theory

The Legacy of Social Bond/Social Control Theory

Key Idea: Rehabilitation is Dead

The Martinson Report

Social Context

Getting the Word Out

The Influence of the Martinson Report

Key Idea: Crime Control Through Selective Incapacitation

The Context: Criminology, Criminal Justice Policy, and Society in the 1970s

James Q. Wilson's Thinking About Crime

Why it Caught on

Selective Incapacitation's Effect on Criminal Justice and Criminology: Empirical Tests, Empirical Critiques, and Ethical Dilemmas

Key Idea: The Police Can Control Crime

The Context of Criminology and Policing

Broken Windows Theory: Revamping the Police Role

How Broken Windows Theory Reached its Audience

The Influence of Broken Windows Theory

Empirical Tests and Critiques of Broken Windows Theory and Policing

Key Idea: The War on Drugs

Winning the War is Easy

The 1980s in Context

The Magic in "Just Say No"

The Impact of "Just Say No"

Key Idea: Rehabilitation-Not Dead Yet

The Principles of Risk, Need, and Responsivity

Social Context

Disseminating the Principles of Effective Rehabilitation

The Impact of Meta-Analysis and the Principles of Effective Rehabilitation

Key Idea: Crime and the Life Course

The Criminological Context of the Early 1990s

Life Course Theories in Criminology

Constructing Testable Theories

Life Course Theory Catches On

Looking Back, Looking Forward: Conclusions

Looking Back: The Glaring Omissions?

The Legitimate Contenders

Looking Forward: The Future of Criminology and Criminal Justice

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