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9781559638333

The Limitless City

by
  • ISBN13:

    9781559638333

  • ISBN10:

    1559638338

  • Format: Paperback
  • Copyright: 2002-03-01
  • Publisher: Island Pr
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Summary

One of the great debates of our time concerns the predominant form of land use in America today -- the all too familiar pattern of commercial and residential development known as sprawl. But what do we really know about sprawl? Do we know what it is? Where did it come from? Is it really so bad? If so, what are the alternatives? Can anything be done to make it better? The Limitless Cityoffers an accessible examination of those and related questions. Oliver Gillham, an architect and planner with more than twenty-five years of experience in the field, considers the history and development of sprawl and examines current debates about the issue. The book: offers a comprehensive definition of sprawl in America traces the roots of sprawl and considers the factors that led to its preeminence as an urban and suburban form reviews both its negative impacts (loss of open space, increased pollution, gridlock) as well as its positive aspects (economic development, personal freedom, privacy) considers responses to sprawl including "smart growth," urban growth boundaries, regional planning, and the New Urbanism looks at what can be done to improve and counterbalance sprawl The author argues that whether we like it or not, sprawl is here to stay, and only by understanding where it came from and why it developed will we be able to successfully address the problems it has created and is likely to create in the future. The Limitless Cityis the first book to provide a realistic look at sprawl, with a frank recognition of its status as the predominant urban form in America, now and into the near future. Rather than railing against it, Gillham charts its probable future course while describing critical efforts that can be undertaken to improve the future of sprawl and our existing urban core areas.

Author Biography

Oliver Gillham, Aia, is an architect and planner based in Cambridge, Massachusetts

Table of Contents

Preface xi
Introduction xiii
PART I: UNDERSTANDING SPRAWL 1(66)
What Is Sprawl?
3(22)
Characteristics and Indicators of Sprawl
3(5)
Definition of Sprawl
8(1)
What Makes Sprawl?
8(9)
The Limitless City
17(5)
Sprawl in Summary
22(3)
The Origins of Sprawl
25(22)
Industrial Cities
25(1)
Reform
26(1)
The First Modern Suburbs
27(4)
Automobiles and Roads
31(5)
Post-War Suburban Expansion
36(5)
Suburbanization and Cities
41(4)
The Origins of Sprawl in Summary
45(2)
Reactions and Countertrends
47(20)
Protesting the Highways
48(4)
Cleaning up the Environment
52(2)
The Importance of History
54(3)
Resurgent Older Cities
57(4)
Analyzing the Trends
61(2)
Mounting Protest and Reaction
63(2)
Reactions and Countertrends in Summary
65(2)
PART II: THE SPRAWL DEBATE 67(86)
Outlining the Debate
69(14)
In Defense of Sprawl
69(2)
Why Is There Any Debate?
71(4)
The Charges Against Sprawl
75(3)
Pro-Development
78(1)
Untangling the Sprawl Brawl
79(4)
Land and Habitat
83(10)
Vanishing Landscape?
83(6)
Natural Habitat
89(2)
Land and Habitat in Summary
91(2)
Transportation and Energy
93(20)
Traffic
93(12)
Energy Consumption
105(6)
Transportation and Energy in Summary
111(2)
Pollution and Public Health
113(10)
Air Quality
113(2)
Water Quality
115(3)
Public Health
118(3)
Pollution and Public Health Summary
121(2)
Economics and Social Equity
123(20)
The Economics of Sprawl
123(9)
Social Divides and Cities
132(10)
Economics and Social Equity in Summary
142(1)
Aesthetics and Community
143(10)
Sprawl and Aesthetics
143(5)
Community
148(3)
Aesthetics and Community in Summary
151(2)
PART III: SEARCHING FOR ALTERNATIVES 153(84)
Growth Management and Smart Growth
155(6)
Growth Management
155(1)
What is ``Smart Growth''?
156(2)
Smart Growth Measures
158(2)
Growth Management and Smart Growth In Summary
160(1)
Preserving Open Space
161(18)
The Importance of Open Space
161(3)
Open-Space Conservation Programs
164(8)
Growth Boundaries
172(3)
The Downside of Open--Space Conservation
175(1)
Preserving Open Space in Summary
176(3)
Changing Development Patterns
179(22)
Compact, Mixed-Use Developments
179(7)
Revitalizing Older Downtowns and Inner-Ring Suburbs
186(11)
The Density Issue
197(2)
Changing Development Patterns in Summary
199(2)
Viable Public Transportation
201(10)
The Importance of Public Transportation
201(1)
Local Public Transportation Initiatives
201(1)
Metropolitan Transit Initiatives
202(5)
Innovative Transit Technology
207(1)
Barriers to Transit
208(1)
The Land-Use Connection
209(1)
Viable Public Transportation in Summary
210(1)
Regionalism
211(26)
Expansion and Annexation
211(1)
Recurrent Regionalism
212(3)
Case Studies in Regionalism
215(19)
Regionalism in Summary
234(3)
PART IV: THE FUTURE AND CONCLUDING THOUGHTS 237(22)
Thinking About the Future
239(12)
The Prospects for Change
239(1)
Technology and Cyberspace
239(7)
A Picture of the Future
246(4)
Thinking About the Future in Summary
250(1)
Conclusion
251(8)
The Suburban Pattern
251(1)
A Willing Nation
251(1)
Suburban Malaise
251(1)
A Paradigm of Democracy
252(1)
A Misuse of Resources
252(1)
Increasing Pollution
252(1)
Pushing for Transit
253(1)
A Widening Gulf
253(1)
Losing Open Space
254(1)
Changing Growth Priorities
254(1)
The Sprawl We Already Have
255(1)
The Continuing Debate
256(3)
Notes 259(24)
Bibliography 283(14)
Index 297

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