Writing for Readers | |
Writers, Readers, and Communities | |
Academic, Public, and Work Communities | |
Analyzing Electronic Communities | |
Myths and Realities about Writing | |
Discovering and Planning | |
Discovering Topics | |
Generating Ideas | |
Organizing Information | |
Planning in Digital Environments | |
Purpose, Thesis, and Audience | |
Identifying Your Focus and Purpose | |
Creating a Thesis | |
Understanding Your Readers | |
Drafting | |
Moving from Planning to Drafting | |
Drafting Collaboratively | |
Drafting in Digital Environments | |
Revising, Editing, and ProofReading | |
Making Major Revisions | |
Making Minor Revisions | |
Revising Collaboratively | |
Revising in Digital Environments | |
Editing | |
Editing Collaboratively | |
ProofReading | |
Paragraphs | |
Unfocused Paragraphs | |
Revising for Focus | |
Incoherent Paragraphs | |
Revising for Coherence | |
Poorly Developed Paragraphs | |
Revising for Development | |
Using Special-Purpose Paragraphs | |
Clear and Emphatic Sentences | |
Unclear Sentences | |
Revising for Clear Sentences | |
Revising for Variety and Emphasis | |
Critical Reading, Thinking, and Argument | |
Reasoning Critically | |
Recognizing Critical Reasoning | |
Building a Chain of Reasoning | |
Representing Your Reasoning | |
Reading Critically | |
Reading to Understand | |
Reading to Respond and Evaluate | |
Using Journals to Turn Reading into Writing | |
Arguing Persuasively | |
Recognizing an Issue | |
Developing Your Stance | |
Creating an Argumentative Thesis | |
Developing Reasons and Evidence | |
Acknowledging Other Perspectives | |
Arguing Logically | |
Writing a Position Paper | |
Creating a Visual Argument | |
Presenting an Issue | |
Providing Evidence | |
Presenting Your Work | |
Designing Documents | |
Goals of Document Design | |
Format Choice | |
Layout | |
Type Choice | |
Visuals | |
Sample Documents | |
Writing in Online Communities | |
Online Expectations | |
E-mail Conventions | |
Online Communities | |
Web Pages | |
Avoiding Plagiarism and Behaving Ethically Online | |
Speaking Effectively | |
Oral Presentations | |
Preparing an Oral Presentation | |
Managing Speech Anxiety | |
Fielding Questions | |
Writing for Specific Communities | |
Academic Writing: General Education | |
Goals of General Academic Writing | |
General Academic Audiences | |
General Academic Writing Tasks | |
Types of General Academic Writing | |
Summary | |
Annotated Bibliography | |
Literature Review | |
Essay Exam | |
Short Documented Paper | |
Review | |
Position Paper | |
Oral Presentation | |
Academic Writing: Humanities and Literature | |
Goals of Writing in the Humanities | |
Audiences in the Humanities | |
Writing Tasks in the Humanities | |
Types of Writing in the Humanities | |
Ways of Reading Literary Texts | |
Literary Text Analysis | |
Visual Text Analysis | |
Academic Writing: Social and Natural Sciences | |
Goals of Writing in the Social and Natural Sciences | |
Audiences in the Social and Natural Sciences | |
Writing Tasks in the Social and Natural Sciences | |
Types of Writing in the Social and Natural Sciences | |
Abstract | |
Informative Report | |
Lab Report | |
Research Report | |
Public Writing | |
Goals of Public Writing | |
Public Audiences | |
Public Writing Tasks | |
Types of Public Writing | |
Public Flyer | |
Letter to the Editor | |
Oral Presentation | |
Workplace Writing | |
Goals of Workplace Writing | |
Workplace Audiences | |
Workplace Writing Tasks | |
Types of Workplace Writing | |
Business Letter | |
Memo | |
Résumé and Application Letter | |
Oral Presentation | |
Researching and Writing | |
Getting Started: Researching and Writing | |
Beginning Your Research | |
Types of Research Writing | |
Developing a Research Question | |
Developing a Preliminary Thesis | |
Creating a Research File and a Timeline | |
Reading and Notetaking | |
Summarizing, Paraphrasing, and Synthesizing | |
Library Resources and Research Databases | |
Developing a Search Strategy and Working Bibliography | |
Searching Library Resources and Databases | |
General Resources | |
Books and Online Catalogs | |
Periodicals, Print or Electronic Indexes, and Government Documents | |
Online Databases | |
Evaluating Library Sources | |
Web and Internet Resources | |
Developing a Web and Internet Search Strategy | |
Search Engines | |
Web Sites and Internet Resources | |
Evaluating Web and Internet Sources | |
Fieldwork | |
Interviewing | |
Surveying, Polling, or Using Questionnaires | |
Conducting an Ethnographic Study | |
Obtaining Consent and Approval for Research on Human Subjects | |
Avoiding Plagiarism and Integrating Sources | |
The Problem of Intention | |
Recognizing When to Document Sources | |
Working with Common Knowledge | |
Citing Sources Responsibly | |
Citing Sources in Context | |
Integrating Sources for a Specific Purpose | |
Quoting Sources | |
Integrating Information and Ideas | |
Working with Common Knowledge | |
Writing, Revising, and Presenting Your Research | |
Reviewing Your Research Questions | |
Reviewing Your Purpose | |
Building from a Thesis to a Draft | |
Revising and Editing | |
Presenting Your Research | |
Documenting Sources: MLA Style | |
MLA Documentation Style | |
MLA In-Text (Parenthetical) Citations | |
MLA List of Works Cited | |
Sample MLA Paper | |
Documenting Sources: APA Style | |
APA Documentation Style | |
APA In-Text Citations | |
APA Reference List | |
Sample APA Paper | |
Documenting Sources: CMS and CSE Style | |
CMS Documentation Style | |
Using CMS Endnotes or Footnotes | |
Creating CMS Endnotes or Footnotes | |
Creating a CMS Bibliography | |
Sample CMS Paper | |
CSE Documentation Style | |
CSE In-Text Citations | |
CSE Reference List | |
Sample CSE Paper | |
Grammar | |
Words Working in Sentences | |
Nouns and Articles | |
Pronouns | |
Verbs | |
Adjectives | |
Adverbs | |
Prepositions | |
Conjunctions | |
Interjections | |
Sentence Parts and Patterns | |
Subjects and Predicates | |
Phrases | |
Subordinate Clauses | |
Different Types of Sentences | |
Using Verbs | |
Simple Present and Past Tense Verbs | |
Editing Present Tense Verbs | |
Editing Past Tense Verbs | |
Complex Tenses and Helping Verbs | |
Editing Progressive and Perfect Tenses | |
Editing Troublesome Verbs (lie, lay, sit, set) | |
Clear Tense Sequence | |
Subjunctive Mood | |
Active and Passive Voice | |
Using Pronouns | |
Pronoun Forms | |
Editing Common Pronoun Forms | |
Making Sentence Parts Agree | |
Agreement | |
Creating Simple Subject-Verb Agreement | |
Creating Complex Subject-Verb Agreement | |
Creating Pronoun-Antecedent Agreement | |
Using Adjectives and Adverbs | |
What Adjectives and Adverbs Do | |
Editing Adjectives and Adverbs | |
Sentence Problems | |
Sentence Fragments | |
Sentence Fragments | |
Editing Sentence Fragments | |
Using Partial Sentences | |
Comma Splices and Fused Sentences | |
Comma Splices | |
Fused Sentences | |
Editing Comma Splices and Fused Sentences | |
Creating Pronoun Reference | |
Unclear Pronoun Reference | |
Editing for Clear Pronoun Reference | |
Misplaced, Dangling, and Disruptive Modifiers | |
Misplaced, Dangling, and Disruptive Modifiers | |
Editing Misplaced, Dangling, and Disruptive Modifiers | |
Making Shifts Consistent | |
Shifts in Person and Number | |
Shifts in Tense and Mood | |
Shifts in Active or Passive Voice | |
Shifts Between Direct and Indirect Quotations | |
Mixed and Incomplete Sentences | |
Mixed Sentences | |
Editing Mixed Sentences | |
Incomplete Sentences | |
Parallelism | |
Faulty Parallelism | |
Editing for Parallelism | |
Coordination and Subordination | |
Creating Coordination | |
Creating Subordination | |
Editing Coordination and Subordination | |
Words and Style | |
Being Concise | |
Common Types of Wordiness | |
Editing for Conciseness | |
Choosing Appropriate Words | |
Demands of Context and Purpose | |
Editing for Precise Diction | |
Using Respectful Language | |
Home and Community Language Varieties | |
Gender Stereotypes | |
Racial, Ethnic, and Cultural Stereotypes | |
Style, Vocabulary, and Dictionaries | |
Style and Community | |
Language Expectations | |
Language Resources for Writers | |
The Dictionary and the Thesaurus | |
Punctuation, Mechanics, and Spelling | |
Commas | |
Joining Sentences | |
Setting Off Sentence Elements | |
Setting Off Nonessential Modifiers | |
Separating Items in a Series | |
Separating Adjectives in a Sequence | |
Dates, Numbers, Addresses, Place Names, People's Titles, and Letters | |
Commas with Quotations | |
Commas to Make Your Meaning Clear | |
Eliminating Commas that Do Not Belong | |
Semicolons and Colons | |
Semicolons | |
Colons | |
Apostrophes | |
Apostrophes that Mark Possession | |
Apostrophes that Mark Contractions and Omissions | |
Marking Quotations | |
Using Quotation Marks | |
Titles of Short Works | |
Highlighting Words, Special Terms, and Tone of Voice | |
Periods, Question Marks, and Exclamation Points | |
Periods | |
Question Marks | |
Exclamation Points | |
Other Punctuation Marks | |
Parentheses | |
Brackets | |
Dashes | |
Ellipses | |
Slashes | |
Symbols in Electronic Addresses | |
Combining Punctuation Marks | |
Capitalizing | |
Capitalizing to Begin Sentences | |
Capitalizing Proper Names and Titles | |
Italicizing (Underlining) | |
Italics (Underlining) in Titles | |
Italics for Specific Terms | |
Underlining for Emphasis | |
Hyphenating | |
Hyphenating to Join Words | |
Hyphenating to Divide Words | |
Using Numbers | |
Spelling Out Numbers | |
Using Numerals | |
Abbreviating | |
Familiar Abbreviations | |
ProofReading for Appropriate Abbreviations | |
Spelling | |
Starting with Your Spell Checker | |
Watching for Common Patterns of Misspelling | |
ProofReading for Commonly Misspelled Words | |
Assessing Writing | |
Assessing Your Own Writing | |
Assessing Your Peers' Writing | |
How People Assess your Writing | |
Assessing Writing for Portfolios | |
Glossary of Usage | |
Index | |
Table of Contents provided by Publisher. All Rights Reserved. |
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