Loose Leaf General Organic & Biological Chemistry

by Smith, Janice

• ISBN13: 9780077366667
• ISBN10: 0077366662
• Edition: 1st
• Format: Loose-leaf
• Copyright: 2009-07-10
• Publisher: McGraw-Hill Science/Engineering/Math

Summary

This new GOB textbook is written with the same student-focused, direct writing style that has been so successful in the Smith: "Organic Chemistry" text. Smith writes with a bulleted approach that delivers need-to-know information in a succinct style for today's students. Armed with an excellent illustration program full of macro-to-micro art, as well as many applications to biological, medical, consumer, and environmental topics, this book is a powerhouse of learning for students.

Table of Contents

Matter and Measurement

Chemistry-The Science of Everyday Experience

States of Matter

Classification of Matter

Measurement

Significant Figures

Scientific Notation

Problem Solving Using the Factor-Label Method

Focus on Health and Medicine-Problem Solving Using Clinical Conversion Factors

Temperature

Density and Specific Gravity

Atoms and the Periodic Table

Elements

Structure of the Atom

Isotopes

The Periodic Table

Electronic Structure

Electronic Configurations

Electronic Configurations and the Periodic Table

Periodic Trends

Ionic Compounds

Introduction to Bonding

Ions

Ionic Compounds

Naming Ionic Compounds

Physical Properties of Ionic Compounds

Polyatomic Ions

Covalent Compounds

Introduction to Covalent Bonding

Lewis Structures

Exceptions to the Octet Rule

Resonance

Naming Covalent Compounds

Molecular Shape

Electronegativity and Bond Polarity

Polarity of Molecules

Focus on Health and Medicine: Covalent Drugs and Medical Products

Chemical Reactions

Introduction to Chemical Reactions

Balancing Chemical Equations

The Mole and Avogadro’s Number

Mass to Mole Conversions

Mole Calculations in Chemical Equations

Mass Calculations in Chemical Equations

Percent Yield

Oxidation and Reduction

Focus on Health and Medicine-Pacemakers

Energy Changes, Reaction Rates, and Equilibrium

Energy

Energy Changes in Reactions

Energy Diagrams

Reaction Rates

Equilibrium

Le Châtelier’s Principle

Focus on the Human Bod: Body Temperature

Gases, Liquids, and Solids

Introduction

Gases and Pressure

Gas Laws That Relate Pressure, Volume, and Temperature

Avogadro’s Law-How Volume and Moles Are Related

The Ideal Gas Law

Dalton’s Law and Partial Pressures

Intermolecular Forces, Boiling Point, and Melting Point

The Liquid State

The Solid State

Energy and Phase Changes

Solutions

Introduction

Solubility-General Features

Solubility-Effects of Temperature and Pressure

Concentration Units-Percent Concentration

Concentration Units-Molarity

Dilution

Colligative Properties

Osmosis and Dialysis

Acids and Bases

Introduction to Acids and Bases

Proton Transfer-The Reaction of a Brønsted-Lowry Acid with a Brønsted-Lowry Base

Acid and Base Strength

Equilibrium and Acid Dissociation Constants

Dissociation of Water

The pH Scale

Common Acid-Base Reactions

The Acidity and Basicity of Salt Solutions

Titration

Buffers

Focus on the Human Body: Buffers in the Blood

Nuclear Chemistry

Introduction

Nuclear Reactions

Half-Life

Detecting and Measuring Radiation

Focus on Health and Medicine: Medical Uses of Radioisotopes

Nuclear Fission and Nuclear Fusion

Focus on Health and Medicine: Medical Imaging Without Radioactivity

Introduction to Organic Molecules and Functional Groups

Introduction to Organic Chemistry

Characteristic Features of Organic Compounds

Shapes of Organic Molecules

Drawing Organic Molecules

Functional Groups

Properties of Organic Compounds

Focus on Health and Medicine: Vitamins

Alkanes

Introduction

Simple Alkanes

An Introduction to Nomenclature

Alkane Nomenclature

Cycloalkanes

Focus on the Environment-Fossil Fuels

Physical Properties

Focus on the Environment: Combustion

Unsaturated Hydrocarbons

Alkenes and Alkynes

Nomenclature of Alkenes and Alkynes

Cis-Trans Isomers

Interesting Alkenes in Food and Medicine

Focus on Health and Medicine: Oral Contraceptives

Reactions of Alkenes

Focus on Health and Medicine: Margarine or Butter?

Polymers-The Fabric of Modern Society

Aromatic Compounds

Nomenclature of Benzene Derivatives

Focus on Health and Medicine: Aromatic Drugs, Sunscreens, and Carcinogens

Focus on Health and Medicine: Phenols and Antioxidants

Reactions of Aromatic Compounds

Organic Compounds that Contain Oxygen, Halogen, or Sulfur

Introduction

Structure and Properties of Alcohols

Nomenclature of Alcohols

Interesting Alcohols

Reactions of Alcohols

Focus on Health and Medicine: Ethanol, the Most Widely Abused Drug

Structure and Properties of Ethers

Focus on Health and Medicine: Ethers as Anesthetics

Alkyl Halides

Organic Compounds That Contain Sulfur

The Three-Dimensional Shape of Molecules

Isomers-A Review

Looking Glass Chemistry-Molecules and Their Mirror Images

Chirality Centers

Chirality Centers in Cyclic Compounds

Focus on Health and Medicine: Chiral Drugs

Fischer Projections

Compounds With Two or More Chirality Centers

Focus on the Human Body: The Sense of Smell

Aldehydes and Ketones

Structure and Bonding

Nomenclature

Physical Properties

Focus on Health and Medicine: Interesting Aldehydes and Ketones

Reactions of Aldehydes and Ketones

Reduction of Aldehydes and Ketones

Focus on the Human Body: The Chemistry of Vision

Acetal Formation

Carboxylic Acids, Esters, and Amides

Structure and Bonding

Nomenclature

Physical Properties

Interesting Carboxylic Acids in Consumer Products and Medicines

Interesting Esters and Amides

The Acidity of Carboxylic Acids

Focus on Health and Medicine: Aspirin

The Conversion of Carboxylic Acids to Esters and Amides

Hydrolysis of Esters and Amides

Synthetic Polymers in Modern Society-Polyamides and Polyesters

Focus on Health and Medicine: Penicillin

Amines and Neurotransmitters

Structure and Bonding

Nomenclature

Physical Properties

Focus on Health and Medicine: Caffeine and Nicotine

Alkaloids-Amines from Plant Sources

Amines as Bases

Focus on Health and Medicine: Ammonium Salts as Useful Drugs

Neurotransmitters

Focus on the Human Body: Epinephrine and Related Compounds

Focus on Health and Medicine: Histamines and Antihistamines

Lipids

Introduction to Lipids

Fatty Acids

Waxes

Triacylglycerols-Fats and Oils

Hydrolysis of Triacylglycerols

Phospholipids

Cell Membranes

Focus on Health and Medicine: Cholesterol, the Most Prominent Steroid

Steroid Hormones

Focus on Health and Medicine: Fat-Soluble Vitamins

Focus on Health and Medicine: Prostaglandins and Leukotrienes

Carbohydrates

Introduction

Monosaccharides

The Cyclic Forms of Monosaccharides

Reduction and Oxidation of Monosaccharides

Disaccharides

Polysaccharides

Focus on the Human Body: Useful Carbohydrate Derivatives

Focus on the Human Body: Blood Types

Amino Acids, Proteins, and Enzymes

Introduction

Amino Acids

Acid-Base Behavior of Amino Acids

Peptides

Focus on the Human Body: Biologically Active Peptides

Proteins

Focus on the Human Body: Common Proteins

Protein Hydrolysis and Denaturation

Enzymes

Focus on Health and Medicine: Using Enzymes to Diagnose and Treat Disease

Nucleic Acids and Protein Synthesis

Nucleosides and Nucleotides

Nucleic Acids

The DNA Double Helix

Replication

RNA

Transcription

Genetic Code

Translation and Protein Synthesis

Mutations and Genetic Diseases

Recombinant DNA

Focus on Health and Medicine: Viruses

Digestion and the Conversion of Food into Energy

Introduction

An Overview of Metabolism

ATP and Energy Production

Coenzymes in Metabolism

The Citric Acid Cycle

The Electron Transport Chain and Oxidative Phosphorylation

Focus on Health and Medicine: Hydrogen Cyanide

Carbohydrate, Lipid, and Protein Metabolism

Introduction

Understanding Biochemical Reactions

Glycolysis

The Fate of Pyruvate

The ATP Yield from Glucose

Gluconeogenesis

The Catabolism of Triacylglycerols

Ketone Bodies

Amino Acid Metabolism

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