Major Problems in the Gilded Age and the Progressive Era Documents and Essays

by Fink, Leon

• ISBN13: 9780618042555
• ISBN10: 0618042555
• Edition: 2nd
• Format: Paperback
• Copyright: 2000-08-04
• Publisher: Cengage Learning

Summary

This text presents a carefully selected group of readings, on topics such as American capitalism and the Great War, that allow students to evaluate primary sources, test the interpretations of distinguished historians, and draw their own conclusions.

Table of Contents

Preface	xv
Introducing the Gilded Age and Progressive Era	1	(16)
Essays
Industrial Spring: America in the Gilded Age	2	(6)
Sean Dennis Cashman
Pivotal Decades, 1900--1920	8	(8)
John Milton Cooper, Jr.
Further Reading	16	(1)
The Price of Progress: Capitalism and Its Discontents	17	(29)
Documents
Andrew Carnegie Hails the Triumph of America, 1885	18	(2)
Henry George Dissects the Paradox of Capitalist Growth, 1879	20	(3)
The Reverend Alexander Lewis Offers an Ode to Upward Mobility, 1902	23	(1)
Mark Twain Satirizes the Great American Myth, 1879	23	(1)
The Purposes and Program of the Knights of Labor, 1878	24	(1)
A Trade Union Official Enunciates a Restrictive AFL Policy Toward Women Workers, 1897	25	(2)
Essays
The Machine as Deity and Demon	27	(7)
Alan Trachtenberg
Class Consciousness American-Style	34	(11)
Leon Fink
Further Reading	45	(1)
Behind the Bravura of the Wild West	46	(40)
Documents
A Buffalo Hunter Describes His Business, c. 1875	47	(2)
President Chester A. Arthur Aims to Turn Indians into U.S. Citizens, 1881	49	(1)
A Popular Account of the Death of Jesse James, 1882	50	(2)
Miguel Antonio Otero Remembers the Land Wars of the 1880s	52	(1)
Black Elk Remembers the Wounded Knee Massacre of 1890	53	(1)
Frederick Jackson Turner Praises the Frontier as the Source of American Democracy, 1893	54	(1)
Catharine Calk McCarty Meets Her Cattlemen Neighbors, 1916	55	(3)
Essays
Outlaw Gangs and Social Bandits	58	(12)
Richard White
Western Women and the Uses of Domestic Ideology	70	(8)
Robert L. Griswold
Farming and the Northern Ute Experience	78	(7)
David Rich Lewis
Further Reading	85	(1)
Trials of the New South	86	(30)
Documents
Sharecroppers' Contracts, 1876--1886	87	(1)
Atlanta Constitution Editor Henry W. Grady Heralds the New South, 1886	88	(3)
Historian Broadus Mitchell Describes a Benevolent Cotton-Mill Campaign of the 1880s	91	(1)
Labor Organizer Mother Jones Compares Southern Mill Life to Serfdom, 1901	92	(1)
Frederick Douglass Describes a Legacy of Race Hatred, 1883	93	(2)
A Teacher and Two Pupils Outline the Problems of a ``Colored'' School, 1883	95	(3)
Essays
Mill and Mine	98	(9)
Edward L. Ayers
Bent Backs in the Rural South	107	(7)
Jacqueline Jones
Further Reading	114	(2)
Rise of the Industrial City: New Places, New Peoples	116	(42)
Documents
Population Growth in Select U.S. Cities, 1870--1920	118	(2)
Immigrant Distribution in Six Cities, 1870--1920	120	(1)
A Visiting Rudyard Kipling Returns, Unimpressed, from Chicago, 1899	121	(1)
Poet Carl Sandburg Extols the City of the Big Shoulders, 1916	122	(1)
Congress Takes Aim at the ``Chinese Menace,'' 1892	123	(1)
Huang Zunxian Expresses the Chinese Perspective in Poetry, c. 1884	124	(2)
W.E.B. Du Bois Denounces Racial Prejudice in Philadelphia, 1899	126	(2)
An Advice Column for Jewish Immigrants, 1906, 1907	128	(4)
Essays
Technology and the Treadmill of Urban Progress	132	(9)
Maury Klein
Harvey A. Kantor
Families Enter America	141	(9)
John Bodnar
Americanization of the Mexican Immigrant	150	(7)
George J. Sanchez
Further Reading	157	(1)
Politics in the Gilded Age: Mainstream and Periphery	158	(30)
Documents
Three Cartoonists Interpret the Political Scene, 1880, 1888	160	(1)
Thomas Nast Attacks the Democrats, 1880	160	(1)
Joseph Keppler Ridicules the Third-Term Aspirations of President Grant, 1880	161	(1)
Watson Heston Lampoons Parties and Their Corporate Patrons, 1888	162	(1)
Free-Thinker Robert G. Ingersoll Waves the Bloody Shirt, c. 1880	163	(1)
Virginia Activist Live Pryor Seeks Help for Her Downtrodden Black Sisters, 1880	163	(1)
Elizabeth Cady Stanton Demands Suffrage as the Protection of Selfhood, 1892	164	(1)
Elizabeth Cady Stanton Justifies the Woman's Bible, 1895	165	(2)
Essays
Political Culture: Public Life and the Conduct of Politics	167	(12)
Charles W. Calhoun
The Limitations of Sisterhood	179	(8)
Ellen Carol DuBois
Further Reading	187	(1)
The 1890s: Economic Depression and Political Crisis	188	(37)
Documents
John W. Holway, a Pinkerton Guard, Views the Battle of Homestead, 1892	189	(4)
Eugene V. Debs Denounces the Role of Corporations and the Courts in the Pullman Strike, 1895	193	(1)
Populist Principles: The Omaha Platform, 1892	194	(2)
William Jennings Bryan Scorns Advocates of the Gold Standard: The ``Cross of Gold'' Speech, 1896	196	(1)
The Republican Party Platform, 1896	197	(2)
Puck Assails William Jennings Bryan and the ``Popocrats,'' 1896	199	(1)
McKinley Takes Credit for New Prosperity, 1900	200	(1)
Essays
The Depression of the 1890s	201	(7)
Nell Irvin Painter
The Righteous Commonwealth of the Late Nineteenth Century	208	(16)
Michael Kazin
Further Reading	224	(1)
Professionalism and the Uses of New Knowledge	225	(38)
Documents
John Fiske Reconciles Evolutionism and Christian Doctrine (1882), 1902	226	(3)
William Graham Sumner Elaborates the Principles of Social Darwinism, 1885	229	(2)
Lester Frank Ward Attacks Laissez Faire in the Name of Reform Darwinism, 1884	231	(3)
A Day in the Life of Thomas Alva Edison, 1885	234	(1)
Jane Addams Explains the Need for Social Settlements, 1892	235	(2)
F.W. Taylor Recruits the Ideal Worker with the Principles of Scientific Management, 1910	237	(2)
Essays
The Culture of Professionalism	239	(5)
Burton J. Bledstein
The Female Dominion of Professional Service	244	(9)
Robyn Muncy
Social Darwinism: Adapting Evolution to Society	253	(9)
Edward Caudill
Further Reading	262	(1)
The Language of Empire	263	(32)
Documents
Alfred T. Mahan Proclaims the Importance of Sea Power, 1890	264	(1)
Theodore Roosevelt Links War in the Philippines to the Ideal of the Strenuous Life, 1899	265	(2)
William Jennings Bryan Opposes U.S. Occupation of the Philippines, 1900	267	(3)
Albert Beveridge Defends U.S. Imperialism, 1900	270	(2)
The Roosevelt Corollary to the Monroe Doctrine, 1904	272	(1)
Essays
The United States as New Kid on the Block, 1890--1940	273	(6)
Paul Kennedy
1898: The Meaning of the Maine	279	(7)
Louis A. Perez
Theodore Roosevelt and the Strenuous Life	286	(8)
Gail Bederman
Further Reading	294	(1)
Race and Power Under Jim Crow	295	(30)
Documents
The U.S. Supreme Court Upholds Segregation: Plessy v. Ferguson, 1896	296	(3)
Congressman Frank Clark Praises Segregation, 1908	299	(2)
Booker T. Washington Advocates Self-Help, 1895	301	(2)
W.E.B. Du Bois Rejects Washington's Strategy of Accommodation, 1903	303	(2)
Mary Church Terrell Praises the Club Work of Colored Women, 1901	305	(2)
Essays
Whiteness and Manhood	307	(8)
Glenda Elizabeth Gilmore
Uplift and the Decline of Black Politics	315	(8)
Kevin K. Gaines
Further Reading	323	(2)
Consumer Culture and Commercialized Leisure	325	(30)
Documents
Theodore Dreiser's Carrie Discovers the Department Store, 1900	326	(1)
Charlotte Perkins Gilman Seeks to Extricate Women from the Trap of Consumption, 1899	327	(1)
Amusement Park Promoter Frederic Thompson Creates the Carnival Spirit, 1908	328	(4)
Democracy at the Movies, 1910	332	(1)
Ring Lardner's Baseball ``Busher'' Writes Home, 1914	333	(3)
Essays
Baseball and the Values of Industrial America	336	(10)
Gunther Barth
Steppin' Out	346	(8)
Lewis A. Erenberg
Further Reading	354	(1)
Progressivism: Roots of the Reform Vision	355	(32)
Documents
John Dewey Advocates a Democratic Schoolroom, 1900	356	(2)
Lincoln Steffens Exposes the Corruption of Municipal Politics, 1904	358	(2)
New York City's Boss Plunkitt Defends ``Honest'' Graft, 1905	360	(2)
Socialist Reformer Robert Hunter Decries Murder by Tenement, 1907	362	(1)
Baptist Clergyman Walter Rauschenbusch Seeks a Social Christianity, 1912	363	(2)
Two Suffrage Cartoons	365	(1)
``The Corn or the Cob---Which?'' 1911	365	(1)
``Double the Power of the Home,'' 1915	366	(1)
Essays
Evaluating the Progressives	367	(12)
Richard L. McCormick
Lewis Hine and the Two Faces of Progressive Photography	379	(7)
Robert Westbrook
Further Reading	386	(1)
Progressivism: Foundations for a New American State	387	(25)
Documents
The Supreme Court Accepts Limits on Working Women's Hours: Muller v. Oregon, 1908	388	(1)
Charles McCarthy Inventories Wisconsin's La Follette--Era Reforms (1909--1911), 1911	389	(3)
Theodore Roosevelt Announces the New Nationalism, 1910	392	(1)
Woodrow Wilson Proclaims the New Freedom, 1913	393	(2)
The Clayton Anti-Trust Act, 1914	395	(2)
Essays
Progressive Statecraft	397	(7)
Alan Dawley
Freedom and the Progressive State	404	(7)
Eric Foner
Further Reading	411	(1)
Nature Without Nurture: Progressives Confront Environmental Destruction	412	(33)
Documents	413	(14)
President Theodore Roosevelt's Conservation Message, 1907
A Lumberer's Perspective on the California Redwoods, 1884	415	(2)
Enos Mills Mourns the Death of a One-Thousand-Year-Old Pine, 1914	417	(3)
The Pros and Cons of the Great Hetch Hetchy Dam Debate, 1913	420	(5)
Jane Addams Offers an Example of Municipal Housekeeping in Chicago, 1910	425	(2)
Essays
Economic Gain and Environmental Loss: Lumber	427	(4)
William J. Cronon
The Hetch Hetchy Controversy	431	(9)
Roderick Nash
Responding to the Urban Environmental Crisis	440	(4)
Martin V. Melosi
Further Reading	444	(1)
America and the Great War	445	(39)
Documents
President Woodrow Wilson's War Message, 1917	446	(2)
Senator Robert M. La Follette's Antiwar Dissent, 1917	448	(2)
George Creel Looks Back on the Selling of the War, 1920	450	(2)
A Wobbly Testifies to Vigilante Attack, 1917	452	(2)
The U.S. Government Punishes War Protesters: The Espionage Act, 1918	454	(1)
Two Treatments of the Color Question During Wartime, 1918	455	(1)
A.U.S. Divisional Commander in Kansas Counsels Against Race Discussions	455	(1)
German Propaganda Circular Targets the African American Soldier	456	(1)
Wilson's Fourteen Points for World Peace, 1918	457	(2)
Essays
Managing War	459	(9)
Barry D. Karl
Over There: Interpreting Wartime Experiences Abroad	468	(8)
David M. Kennedy
Wilson and the War for Democracy	476	(8)
Arthur S. Link
Further Reading	484