Management Information Systems for the Information Age

by Haag, Stephen; Cummings, Maeve; McCubbrey, Donald J.

• ISBN13: 9780072838466
• ISBN10: 0072838469
• Edition: 4th
• Format: Hardcover
• Copyright: 2003-06-01
• Publisher: McGraw-Hill College

Table of Contents

The Information Age in Which You Live: Changing the Face of Business	2	(38)
Opening Case Study: Can Technology Catch You Having An Affair?	3	(1)
Introduction	4	(1)
Today's Economic Environment	5	(4)
The Economy	5	(1)
The ``Now'' Economy	6	(2)
The Global Economy	8	(1)
The Arriving Digital Economy	8	(1)
Information As A Key Resource	9	(4)
Data versus Information	9	(1)
Personal Dimensions of Information	9	(2)
Organizational Dimensions of Information	11	(2)
People As A Key Resource	13	(4)
Information and Technology Literacy	14	(1)
Your Ethical Responsibilities	15	(2)
Information Technology As A Key Resource	17	(4)
Key Technology Categories	17	(3)
Decentralized Computing and Shared Information	20	(1)
Roles and Goals of Information Technology	21	(9)
Increase Employee Productivity	21	(2)
Enhance Decision Making	23	(1)
Improve Team Collaboration	24	(1)
Create Business Partnerships and Alliances	25	(1)
Enable Global Reach	26	(1)
Facilitate Organizational Transformation	27	(3)
Closing Case Study One: You and Your Information	30	(2)
Closing Case Study Two: How Much of Your Personal Information Do You Want Businesses to Know?	32	(5)
Real Hot Electronic Commerce: Using the Internet as a Tool to Find a Job	37	(3)
EXTENDED LEARNING MODULE A	40	(66)
Computer Hardware and Software
Introduction	41	(1)
A Quick Tour of Technology	42	(2)
Categories of Computers by Size	44	(3)
Personal Digital Assistants (PDAs)	44	(1)
Notebook Computers	44	(1)
Desktop Computers	44	(2)
Minicomputers, Mainframe Computers, and Supercomputers	46	(1)
Software: Your Intellectual Interface	47	(6)
Application Software	47	(3)
System Software	50	(3)
Hardware: Your Physical Interface	53	(11)
Common Input Devices	54	(1)
Common Output Devices	55	(2)
Characteristics of CPUs and RAM	57	(1)
Common Storage Devices	58	(2)
Telecommunications Devices	60	(2)
Connecting Devices	62	(2)
The Complete Computer At Work	64	(6)
Strategic and Competitive Opportunities: Using IT for Competitive Advantage	70	(36)
Opening Case Study: Zara: Fashion Fast Forward	71	(1)
Introduction	72	(1)
Competitive Advantage Examples	73	(5)
Federal Express	73	(1)
Charles Schwab	74	(1)
Dell Computer	74	(3)
Cisco Systems	77	(1)
Developing a Strategy for the Internet Age	78	(9)
The Five Forces Model	78	(1)
The Three Generic Strategies	79	(1)
Using the Five Forces Model	79	(2)
Bridging the Gap between Business People and Technical People	81	(1)
Viewing the Business Problem from Another Perspective	82	(1)
Using the Three Generic Strategies	82	(1)
Demanding a Creative Design	82	(2)
The Value Chain	84	(2)
Looking Beyond the Four Walls of the Company	86	(1)
Key E-Commerce Strategies	87	(4)
Mass Customization and Personalization	88	(1)
Disintermediation	89	(1)
Global Reach	90	(1)
The U.S. Airline Industry: A Great Example	91	(3)
Airline Reservation Systems	91	(1)
Frequent Flyer Programs	91	(1)
Yield Management Systems	92	(1)
Disintermediating the Travel Agent	92	(1)
Utilizing Emerging Technologies	93	(1)
Summing It Up	94	(3)
Closing Case Study One: GM Tries to Lure Customers with Onstar	97	(2)
Closing Case Study Two: Speedpass: Throw Away Your Plastic?	99	(5)
Real Hot Electronic Commerce: Ordering Products and Services on the Internet	104	(2)
EXTENDED LEARNING MODULE B	106	(58)
The World Wide Web and The Internet
Introduction	107	(1)
World Wide Web	108	(4)
Web Sites, Addresses, and Pages	108	(1)
Understanding Addresses	109	(1)
Using Web Browser Software	110	(2)
Search Engines	112	(3)
Using a Directory Search Engine	112	(2)
Using a True Search Engine	114	(1)
Internet Technologies	115	(3)
The Internet Backbone	115	(1)
Internet Servers	116	(1)
Communications Protocols	117	(1)
Connecting to the Internet	118	(8)
Communications Software	119	(1)
Telecommunications Hardware	120	(6)
Databases and Data Warehouses: Building Business Intelligence	126	(38)
Opening Case Study: High Tech Battles High School Truancy	127	(1)
Introduction	128	(1)
Business Intelligence	128	(2)
The Relational Database Model	130	(4)
Collections of Information	130	(1)
Created with Logical Structures	130	(2)
With Logical Ties among the Information	132	(1)
With Built-in-Integrity Constraints	133	(1)
Database Management System Tools	134	(10)
Data Definition Subsystem	135	(2)
Data Manipulation Subsystem	137	(3)
Application Generation Subsystem	140	(1)
Data Administration Subsystem	140	(4)
Data Warehouses and Data Mining	144	(5)
What Is a Data Warehouse?	144	(1)
What Are Data Mining Tools?	145	(2)
Data Marts: Smaller Data Warehouses	147	(1)
Important Considerations in Using a Data Warehouse	148	(1)
Managing the Information Resource in an Organization	149	(5)
Who Should Oversee the Organization's Information?	149	(2)
How Will Changes in Technology Affect Organizing and Managing Information?	151	(1)
Is Information Ownership a Consideration?	151	(1)
What Are the Ethics Involved in Managing and Organizing Information?	152	(2)
Closing Case Study One: We've Got OLTP Covered; Let's Go on to Olap	154	(2)
Closing Case Study Two: Mining Dining Data	156	(5)
Real Hot Electronic Commerce: Searching Online Databases and Information Repositories	161	(3)
EXTENDED LEARNING MODULE C	164	(60)
Designing Databases and Entity-Relationship Diagramming
Introduction	165	(1)
Designing and Building a Relational Database	165	(15)
Defining Entity Classes and Primary Keys	166	(2)
Defining Relationships among the Entity Classes	168	(6)
Defining Information (Fields) for Each Relation	174	(2)
Using a Data Definition Language to Create Your Database	176	(4)
Decision Support and Artificial Intelligence: Brainpower for Your Business	180	(44)
Opening Case Study: Continental Airlines Flies High with Decision Support	181	(1)
Introduction	182	(1)
Decisions, Decisions, Decisions	183	(2)
How You Make a Decision	183	(1)
Types of Decisions You Face	184	(1)
Decision Support Systems	185	(3)
Components of a Decision Support System	186	(2)
Collaboration Systems	188	(3)
Enterprisewide Collaboration	189	(1)
Supply-Chain Collaboration	189	(1)
Web-Based Collaboration	189	(2)
Geographic Information Systems	191	(2)
Artificial Intelligence	193	(1)
Expert Systems	194	(6)
Components of an Expert System	196	(3)
What Expert Systems Can and Can't Do	199	(1)
Neural Networks	200	(4)
Types of Neural Networks	202	(1)
Inside a Neural Network	202	(2)
Genetic Algorithms	204	(2)
Intelligent Agents	206	(7)
Buyer Agents	207	(1)
User Agents	208	(1)
Monitoring-and-Surveillance Agents	209	(2)
Data-Mining Agents	211	(1)
Components of an Intelligent Agent	211	(2)
Closing Case Study One: Using Neural Networks to Categorize People	213	(2)
Closing Case Study Two: Decision Support and Artificial Intelligence in Health Care	215	(5)
Real Hot Electronic Commerce: Finding Investment Opportunities on the Internet	220	(4)
EXTENDED LEARNING MODULE D	224	(58)
Decision Analysis with Spreadsheet Software
Introduction	225	(1)
Lists	226	(1)
Basic Autofilter	227	(3)
Custom Autofilter	230	(2)
Conditional Formatting	232	(2)
Pivot Tables	234	(5)
Back to Decision Support	239	(3)
AutoFilter	239	(1)
Conditional Formatting	239	(1)
Pivot Table	239	(3)
Electronic Commerce: Strategies for the New Economy	242	(40)
Opening Case Study: Sodas and Snack Food on the Web	243	(1)
Introduction	244	(1)
The Growth of E-Commerce	244	(2)
Global E-Commerce Growth Projections	245	(1)
The Digital Divide	246	(1)
The Advantages of Business to Consumer E-Commerce	246	(5)
Shopping Can Be Faster and More Convenient	247	(2)
Offerings and Prices Can Change Instantaneously	249	(1)
Call Centers Can Be Integrated with the Web Site	250	(1)
Broadband Telecommunications Will Enhance the Buying Experience	250	(1)
Keys to Success in Business to Consumer E-Commerce	251	(8)
Commoditylike Items Work Best	251	(1)
Digital Products Are the Best of All	252	(1)
Attracting and Retaining Customers	253	(4)
Remember the Importance of Merchandising	257	(1)
You Must Execute Well	258	(1)
Watch the Competition	258	(1)
Business to Business E-Commerce	259	(9)
Value Networks	260	(1)
Corporate Purchasing Segments	260	(4)
Next-Generation Solutions: XML and Web Services	264	(2)
B2B Marketplaces	266	(1)
Intranets and Extranets	267	(1)
The Role of E-Government	268	(1)
E-Commerce Payment Systems	269	(4)
Credit Cards and Smart Cards	270	(1)
Financial Cybermediaries	271	(1)
Electronic Bill Presentment and Payment	271	(2)
Closing Case Study One: Ebags: An E-Commerce Success Story	273	(1)
Closing Case Study Two: Making Toyota's Vision a Reality	274	(5)
Real Hot Electronic Commerce: Getting Your Business on the Internet	279	(3)
EXTENDED LEARNING MODULE E	282	(46)
Network Basics
Systems Development: Steps, Tools, and Techniques	284	(44)
Opening Case Study: Building the Unbelievable---The Hoberman Arch	285	(1)
Introduction	286	(1)
Seven Phases in the Systems Development Life Cycle	287	(7)
Phase 1: Plan	287	(2)
Phase 2: Analysis	289	(1)
Phase 3: Design	290	(1)
Phase 4: Develop	290	(1)
Phase 5: Test	291	(2)
Phase 6: Implement	293	(1)
Phase 7: Maintain	293	(1)
Knowledge Workers and Their Roles in the Systems Development Life Cycle	294	(4)
Plan	295	(1)
Analysis	296	(1)
Design	297	(1)
Develop	297	(1)
Test	297	(1)
Implement	297	(1)
Maintain	297	(1)
IT Specialists and Knowledge Workers Working Together	298	(1)
Why Systems Fail	298	(3)
Unclear or Missing Requirements	299	(1)
Skipping SDLC Phases	299	(1)
Failure to Manage Project Scope	300	(1)
Failure to Manage Project Plan	300	(1)
Changing Technology	301	(1)
Selfsourcing	301	(4)
The Selfsourcing Process	302	(2)
The Advantages of Selfsourcing	304	(1)
Potential Pitfalls and Risks of Selfsourcing	304	(1)
Outsourcing	305	(6)
Developing Strategic Partnerships	305	(2)
The Outsourcing Process	307	(2)
The Advantages and Disadvantages of Outsourcing	309	(2)
Prototyping	311	(6)
The Prototyping Process	313	(1)
The Advantages of Prototyping	314	(1)
The Disadvantages of Prototyping	315	(2)
Closing Case Study One: Some Prototypes Hit, Some Miss, and Some We are Just Not Sure About	317	(2)
Closing Case Study Two: Al's Barbeque Restaurant	319	(5)
Real Hot Electronic Commerce: Finding Freeware and Shareware on the Internet	324	(4)
EXTENDED LEARNING MODULE F	328	(40)
Building a Web Page with HTML
IT Infrastructures: Business-Driven Technology	330	(38)
Opening Case Study: What's the Difference Between Napster and Gnutella?	331	(1)
Introduction	332	(1)
Organizational Goals and Strategies	333	(1)
Increase Employee Productivity	334	(6)
Client/Server Network	334	(1)
Internet	335	(1)
Intranets and Extranets	335	(1)
Backup/Recovery	336	(1)
Disaster Recovery Plan	337	(1)
Factors That Increase Employee Productivity	337	(3)
Enhance Decision Making	340	(2)
Integration	340	(2)
Enterprise Application Integration (EAI)	342	(1)
Enterprise Application Integration Middleware	342	(1)
Storage Devices	342	(1)
Improve Team Collaboration	342	(4)
Document Management Systems	343	(1)
Enterprise Information Portals	344	(1)
Workflow Systems	344	(2)
Create Business Partnerships and Alliances	346	(3)
Customer Relationship Management Systems	346	(1)
Sales Force Automation Systems	346	(1)
Electronic Catalog	347	(1)
Supply Chain Management System	348	(1)
Enable Global Reach	349	(3)
Internet Service Provider	350	(1)
Application Service Provider	350	(1)
Collocation Facilities	351	(1)
Server Farm	352	(1)
Facilitate Organizational Transformation	352	(3)
Enterprise Resource Planning and Enterprise Software	352	(3)
Data Warehouse	355	(1)
Infrastructure Documentation	355	(1)
IT Infrastructures and the Real World	355	(3)
Closing Case Study One: University Infrastructures	358	(1)
Closing Case Study Two: Document Management Solutions in the Automotive Industry	359	(6)
Real Hot Electronic Commerce: Living Life on the Internet	365	(3)
EXTENDED LEARNING MODULE G	368	(44)
Object-Oriented Technologies
Protecting People and Information: Threats and Safeguards	370	(42)
Opening Case Study: Digital Destruction Beyond All Imagination	371	(1)
Introduction	372	(1)
Ethics	373	(5)
Two Factors that Determine How You Decide Ethical Issues	373	(1)
Guidelines for Ethical Computer System Use	374	(1)
Intellectual Property	375	(3)
Privacy	378	(12)
Privacy and Other Individuals	378	(1)
Privacy and Employees	379	(3)
Privacy and Consumers	382	(3)
Privacy and Government Agencies	385	(2)
Privacy and International Trade	387	(2)
Laws on Privacy	389	(1)
Information	390	(1)
Information as Raw Material	390	(1)
Information as Capital	390	(1)
Security	391	(10)
Security and Employees	391	(1)
Security and Collaboration Partners	392	(1)
Security and Outside Threats	393	(2)
Security Precautions	395	(6)
Closing Case Study One: Protecting More Than Health	401	(1)
Closing Case Study Two: Is the Safe Harbor Safe for U.S. Businesses?	402	(6)
Real Hot Electronic Commerce: Making Travel Arrangements on the Internet	408	(4)
EXTENDED LEARNING MODULE H	412	(58)
Computer Crime and Forensics
Introduction	413	(1)
Computer Crime	414	(10)
Outside the Organization	414	(6)
Web Defacing	420	(1)
The Players	421	(2)
Inside the Organization	423	(1)
Computer Forensics	424	(5)
The Collection Phase	425	(2)
The Analysis Phase	427	(2)
Recovery and Interpretation	429	(9)
Places to Look for Stray Information	430	(1)
Ways of Hiding Information	431	(2)
A Day in the Life of Computer Forensic Experts	433	(5)
Emerging Trends and Technologies: Business, People, and Technology Tomorrow	438	(32)
Opening Case Study: Would You Use an Internet-Enabled Toilet?	439	(1)
Introduction	440	(1)
The Need for Information Filtering	441	(2)
Push, Not Pull Technologies	441	(1)
Information Supplier Convergence	442	(1)
The Movement Toward Intellectual Computing	443	(1)
Automatic Speech Understanding	443	(1)
People Will Still Make the Decisions	443	(1)
The Changing of Physiological Interaction	444	(4)
Automatic Speech Recognition	445	(1)
Virtual Reality	445	(2)
Cave Automatic Virtual Environment	447	(1)
Increasing Portability and Mobility	448	(3)
Free Internet Phone Calls	448	(1)
Micro-Payments and Financial Cybermediaries	449	(1)
Wearable Computers	449	(1)
Implant Chips	450	(1)
The Digital Frontier	451	(3)
Three-Dimensional Technology	452	(1)
Digital Cash	452	(2)
The Rebirth of E-Commerce	454	(2)
Broadening of E-Government	454	(1)
Explosion of C2C E-Commerce	455	(1)
The Most Important Considerations	456	(4)
The Necessity of Technology	456	(1)
Closing the Great Digital Divide	456	(1)
Technology for the Betterment of People and Society	457	(1)
Exchanging Privacy for Convenience	457	(1)
Ethics, Ethics, Ethics	458	(2)
Closing Case Study One: Airtexting: Wave Your Cell Phone Message in the Air	460	(1)
Closing Case Study Two: Stadiums of the Future	461	(5)
Real Hot Electronic Commerce: Continuing Your Education through the Internet	466	(4)
EXTENDED LEARNING MODULE I	470	(28)
Building an E-Portfolio
Introduction	471	(1)
The Electronic Job Market	471	(1)
Preparations Before You Write	471	(6)
Start to Network	472	(1)
Perform Self-Assessment	473	(2)
Research Careers, Industries, and Companies	475	(2)
Writing Targeted Resume Content	477	(4)
Powerful Objective Statements	478	(1)
Important Contact Information	479	(1)
Other Valuable Resume Sections	480	(1)
Developing E-Portfolio Content	481	(4)
Electronic File Formats	481	(3)
Gallery	484	(1)
Web Design Considerations	485	(7)
Basic Web Design Principles	485	(3)
Design Your Home Page	488	(4)
Preparing Web Content	492	(6)
HTML versus Generated Code	492	(1)
File Transfer Protocol (FTP)	493	(1)
Things to Watch For	494	(4)
EXTENDED LEARNING MODULE J	498	(20)
Implementing a Database with Microsoft Access
Real Hot Group Projects	500	(18)
Case 1: Assessing the Value of Information	500	(1)
Case 2: Assessing the Value of Information	501	(1)
Case 3: Executive Information System Reporting	502	(1)
Case 4: Building Value Chains	503	(2)
Case 5: Using Relational Technology to Track Projects	505	(1)
Case 6: Building a Decision Support System	506	(1)
Case 7: Advertising with Banner Ads	507	(1)
Case 8: Outsourcing Information Technology	508	(1)
Case 9: Demonstrating How to Build Web Sites	509	(1)
Case 10: Making the Case with Presentation Software	510	(1)
Case 11: [e-mail]	511	(1)
Case 12: Should I Buy or Should I Lease?	512	(1)
Case 13: Higher Education Planning and Data Processing	513	(1)
Case 14: Assessing a Wireless Future	514	(1)
Case 15: The Next Generation: Dot-Com ASPs	515	(2)
Case 16: Pony Espresso: Analyzing Operating Leverage	517	(1)
Glossary	518	(13)
Notes	531	(6)
Photo Credits	537	(2)
Index	539