Medical-Surgical Nursing : Assessment and Management of Clinical Problems

by Lewis, Sharon Mantik; Heitkemper, Margaret McLean; Dirksen, Shannon Ruff

• ISBN13: 9781556644306
• ISBN10: 1556644302
• Format: Hardcover
• Copyright: 1999-08-01
• Publisher: Elsevier Science Health Science div

Summary

MEDICAL-SURGICAL NURSING presents a thorough overview of the concepts that provide the framework for medical-surgical nursing, including the nursing process, nursing assessment, adult development, collaborative care, patient teaching, and critical thinking. A strong emphasis on pathophysiology and a body-systems approach encourages understanding of the disease process and accurate assessment findings. The easy-to-follow, full color design and comprehensive and logical format promote student learning of essential nursing concepts. * Each body system section contains a separate assessment chapter that includes a review of anatomy and physiology, an explanation of relevant health history and physical assessment, and a discussion of common diagnostic studies to give students a basis for understanding the discussions of disorders. * Identifies and discusses all levels of nursing management, including Health Promotion, Acute Intervention, and Ambulatory and Home Care to prepare the nurse to effectively intervene at various stages of illness. * Extensive gerontologic content identifies age-related changes for each body system to alert the nurse to differences often encountered in older patients, highlighted in Gerontologic Considerations and Effects of Aging headings and in Gerontologic Differences in Assessment and Effects of Aging tables. * Critical Thinking Exercises at the end of each nursing management chapter include Case Studies with Critical Thinking Questions, as well as Nursing Research Issues questions to highlight current topics for research. * Chapter 9: "Nursing Management: Pain" has been updated for increased readability and student comprehension of this complex yet important subject. * Provides over 80 nursing care plans, thoroughly updated, to incorporate current NANDA diagnoses, defining characteristics of the problem, specific nursing interventions, and evaluation criteria.

Table of Contents

SECTION 1 GENERAL CONCEPTS OF NURSING PRACTICE
Applying Critical Thinking to the Nursing Process	3	(13)
Assessment Phase	6	(1)
Diagnosis Phase	6	(1)
Planning Phase	7	(2)
Implementation Phase	9	(1)
Evaluation Phase	9	(7)
Community-Based Nursing and Home Health Care	16	(13)
Changing Health Care System	16	(1)
Continuum of Patient Care	17	(12)
Adult Development	29	(14)
Conceptual Approaches to Adult Development	31	(2)
Psychodynamic Issues of Adulthood	33	(3)
Social Processes in Adulthood	36	(2)
Physiologic Processes in Adulthood	38	(5)
Gerontologic Considerations	43	(23)
Attitudes Toward Aging	44	(1)
Age-Related Physiologic Changes	44	(6)
Ethnicity and Aging	50	(1)
Nursing Process and the Older Adult	51	(1)
Teaching Older Adults	52	(1)
Health Promotion and Screening	52	(1)
Chronic Illness	53	(1)
Geriatric Rehabilitation	54	(1)
Hospitalization and Acute Illness	54	(4)
Social Support and the Older Adult	58	(2)
Care Alternatives for Older Adults	60	(2)
Legal and Ethical Issues	62	(4)
Health History and Physical Examination	66	(13)
Interviewing Considerations	66	(10)
Problem Identification and Nursing Diagnoses	76	(3)
Patient Teaching	79	(13)
Role of Patient Teaching	79	(1)
Education Process	79	(13)
Nursing Management: Stress	92	(15)
Theories of Stress	92	(1)
Stress as a Response	92	(2)
Stress as a Stimulus	94	(1)
Stress as a Transaction	95	(1)
Physiologic Response to Stress	96	(4)
Identifying Stressors or Demands	100	(1)
Coping	101	(6)
Complementary and Alternative Therapies	107	(19)
Biobehavioral Therapies	110	(6)
Manual Healing Therapies	116	(2)
Traditional and Ethnomedicine Therapies	118	(1)
Herbal Therapies	119	(7)
Nursing Management: Pain	126	(29)
Definitions of Pain	126	(1)
Dimensions of Pain	127	(5)
Etiology and Type of Pain	132	(2)
Assessment of Pain	134	(3)
Drug Therapy for Pain	137	(8)
Nonpharmacologic Therapy for Pain	145	(10)
Nursing Management: Substance Abuse and Dependence	155	(34)
Stimulants	157	(7)
Depressants	164	(7)
Hallucinogens	171	(11)
Special Populations with Substance Abuse Problems	182	(1)
Chemical Dependence in Nurses	182	(7)
SECTION 2 PATHOPHYSIOLOGIC MECHANISMS OF DISEASE
Nursing Management: Inflammation and Infection	189	(23)
Cell Injury	189	(1)
Defense Against Injury	190	(6)
Healing Process	196	(16)
Nursing Management: Altered Immune Responses	212	(29)
Normal Immune Response	212	(6)
altered Immune Response	218	(6)
Allergic Disorders	224	(5)
Autoimmune Phenomena	229	(4)
Immunodeficiency Disorders	233	(1)
Immune-Related Diseases	234	(2)
New Technologies in Immunology	236	(5)
Nursing Management: Human Immunodeficiency Virus Infection	241	(28)
Transmission of HIV	241	(2)
Pathophysiology	243	(1)
Clinical Manifestations and complications	244	(3)
Diagnostic Studies	247	(2)
Collaborative Care	249	(20)
Nursing Management: Cancer	269	(54)
Biology of Cancer	270	(8)
Classification of Cancer	278	(1)
Prevention and Detection of Cancer	279	(4)
Collaborative Care	283	(33)
Complications Resulting from Cancer	316	(2)
Psychologic Support	318	(5)
Nursing Management: Fluid, Electrolyte and Acid-Base Imbalances	323	(32)
Homeostasis	323	(7)
Fluid and Electrolyte Imbalances	330	(1)
Sodium and Volume Imbalances	330	(5)
Potassium Imbalances	335	(3)
Calcium Imbalances	338	(2)
Phosphate Imbalances	340	(1)
Magnesium Imbalances	341	(1)
Protein Imbalances	342	(1)
Acid-Base Imbalances	342	(4)
Assessment of Fluid, Electrolyte, and Acid Base Imbalances	346	(9)
SECTION 3 THE SURGICAL EXPERIENCE
Nursing Management: Preoperative Patient	355	(20)
Surgical Settings	355	(1)
Psychosocial Reactions to Surgery	356	(1)
Patient Interview	356	(1)
Assessment of the Preoperative Patient	357	(18)
Nursing Management: Patient During Surgery	375	(15)
Physical Environment	375	(1)
Surgical Team	376	(6)
Classification of Anesthesia	382	(8)
Nursing Management: Postoperative Patient	390	(27)
Postoperative Care in the Postanesthesia Care Unit	390	(1)
Postanesthesia Care Unit Admission	390	(9)
Surgical Care of the Patient in the Postanesthesia Care Unit	399	(1)
Discharge form the Postanesthesia Care Unit	399	(1)
Care of the Postoperative Patient on the Clinical Unit	400	(17)
SECTION 4 PROBLEMS RELATED TO ALTERED SENSORY INPUT
Nursing Assessment: Visual and Auditory Systems	417	(25)
Structures and Functions: Visual System	417	(4)
Assessment: Visual System	421	(9)
Diagnostic Studies: Visual System	430	(1)
Structures and Functions: Auditory system	430	(3)
Assessment: Auditory System	433	(3)
Diagnostic Studies: Auditory System	436	(6)
Nursing Management: Visual and Auditory Problems	442	(40)
Correctable Refractive Errors	443	(6)
Eye Trauma	449	(1)
Extraocular Disorders	449	(4)
Intraocular Disorders	453	(5)
Retinal Detachment	458	(3)
Age-Related Macular Degeneration	461	(1)
Glaucoma	461	(8)
External Ear and Canal	469	(2)
Middle Ear and Mastoid	471	(3)
Inner Ear Problems	474	(2)
Hearing Impairment and Deafness	476	(6)
Nursing Assessment: Integumentary System	482	(11)
Structures and Functions: Skin and Appendages	482	(3)
Assessment: Integumentary System	485	(6)
Diagnostic Studies: Integumentary System	491	(2)
Nursing Management: Integumentary Problems	493	(30)
Disorders of the Integumentary System	502	(8)
Dermatologic Manifestations of Systemic Diseases	510	(1)
Plastic Surgery	510	(6)
Pressure Ulcers	516	(7)
Nursing Management: Patient with Burns	523	(30)
Types of Burn Injury	523	(3)
Classification of Burn Injury	526	(2)
Phases of Burn Management	528	(19)
Emotional Needs of the Patient and Family	547	(1)
Special Needs of the Nursing Staff	548	(5)
SECTION 5 PROBLEMS OF OXYGENATION: VENTILATION
Nursing Assessment: Respirator System	553	(26)
Structures and Functions: Respiratory System	553	(8)
Assessment: Respiratory System	561	(8)
Diagnostic Studies: Respiratory System	569	(10)
Nursing Management: Upper Respiratory Problems	579	(32)
Structural and Traumatic Disorders of the Nose	579	(3)
Inflammation and Infection of the Nose and Paranasal Sinuses	582	(6)
Obstruction of the Nose and Paranasal Sinuses	588	(1)
Problems Related to the Pharynx	588	(4)
Problems Related to the Trachea and Larynx	592	(1)
Tracheostomy	592	(8)
Cancer of the Head and Neck	600	(11)
Nursing Management: Lower Respiratory Problems	611	(49)
Acute Bronchitis	611	(1)
Pneumonia	612	(11)
Tuberculosis	623	(10)
Lung Cancer	633	(10)
Chest Trauma and Thoracic Injuries	643	(5)
Chest Surgery	648	(4)
Restrictive Respiratory Disorders	652	(3)
Vascular Lung Disorders	655	(2)
Lung Transplantation	657	(3)
Nursing Management: Obstructive Pulmonary Diseases	660	(59)
Asthma	660	(1)
Triggers of Asthma Attacks	660	(2)
Pathophysiology	662	(1)
Clinical Manifestations	663	(1)
Classification of Asthma	664	(1)
Complications	664	(1)
Diagnostic Studies	665	(1)
Collaborative Care	666	(16)
Emphysema and Chronic Bronchitis	682	(1)
Etiology	682	(1)
Pathophysiology	683	(2)
Clinical Manifestations	685	(1)
Complications	686	(2)
Diagnostic Studies	688	(1)
Collaborative Care	688	(22)
Cystic Fibrosis	710	(1)
Etiology and Pathophysiology	711	(1)
Clinical Manifestations	711	(1)
Complications	712	(1)
Diagnostic Studies	712	(1)
Collaborative Care	712	(7)
SECTION 6 PROBLEMS OF OXYGENATION: TRANSPORT
Nursing Assessment: Hematologic System	719	(17)
Structures and Functions: Hematologic System	719	(6)
Assessment: Hematologic System	725	(3)
Diagnostic Studies: Hematologic System	728	(8)
Nursing Management: Hematologic Problems	736	(57)
Anemia Caused by Decreased Erythrocyte Production	739	(8)
Anemia Caused by Blood Loss	747	(1)
Anemia Caused by Increased Erythrocyte Destruction	748	(5)
Polycythemia	753	(1)
Problems of Hemostasis	754	(12)
Neutropenia	766	(2)
Myelodysplastic Syndrome	768	(2)
Leukemia	770	(7)
Lymphomas	777	(3)
Malignancies of Plasma Cells	780	(2)
Disorders of the Spleen	782	(1)
Blood Component Therapy	782	(11)
SECTION 7 PROBLEMS OF OXYGENATION: PERFUSION
Nursing Assessment: Cardiovascular System	793	(24)
Structures and Functions: Cardiovascular System	793	(5)
Assessment: Cardiovascular System	798	(7)
Diagnostic Studies: Cardiovascular System	805	(12)
Nursing Management: Hypertension	817	(24)
Normal Regulation of Blood Pressure	817	(2)
Hypertension	819	(1)
Definition	819	(1)
Significance	819	(1)
Classification of Hypertension	820	(1)
Pathophysiology of Primary Hypertension	820	(2)
Clinical Manifestations	822	(1)
Complications	822	(2)
Diagnostic Studies	824	(1)
Collaborative Care	824	(13)
Hypertensive Crisis	837	(4)
Nursing Management: Coronary Artery Disease	841	(46)
Angina Pectoris	849	(12)
Myocardial Infarction	861	(20)
Sudden Cardiac Death	881	(1)
Women and Coronary Artery Disease	882	(5)
Nursing Management: Congestive Heart Failure and Cardiac Surgery	887	(31)
Congestive Heart Failure	887	(16)
Cardiomyopathy	903	(1)
Dilated Cardiomyopathy	903	(3)
Hypertrophic Cardiomyopathy	906	(1)
Restrictive Cardiomyopathy	907	(1)
``Crack'' Heart	907	(1)
Cardiac Surgery	907	(11)
Nursing Management: Arrhythmias	918	(29)
Evaluation of Arrhythmias	923	(1)
Types of Arrhythmias	924	(10)
Antiarrhythmic Drugs	934	(1)
Defibrillation	934	(2)
Pacemakers	936	(2)
Catheter Ablation Therapy	938	(1)
Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation	939	(1)
Basic Cardiac Life Support	939	(4)
Advanced Cardiac Life Support	943	(4)
Nursing Management: Inflammatory and Valvular Heart Diseases	947	(31)
Inflammatory Disorders of the Heart	947	(1)
Infective Endocarditis	947	(7)
Acute Pericarditis	954	(4)
Chronic Constrictive Pericarditis	958	(1)
Myocarditis	958	(1)
Rheumatic Fever and Heart Disease	959	(5)
Valvular Heart Disease	964	(1)
Mitral Stenosis	965	(2)
Mitral Regurgitation	967	(1)
Mitral Valve Prolapse	967	(1)
Aortic Stenosis	968	(1)
Aortic Regurgitation	968	(10)
Nursing Management: Vascular Disorders	978	(35)
Disorders of the Aorta	978	(1)
Aneurysms	978	(7)
Aortic Dissection	985	(1)
Acute Arterial Occlusive Disorders	986	(1)
Chronic Arterial Occlusive Disease	987	(8)
Disorders of the Veins	995	(1)
Thrombophlebitis	995	(7)
Varicose Veins	1002	(2)
Venous Stasis Ulcers	1004	(1)
Pulmonary Embolism	1005	(8)
SECTION 8 PROBLEMS OF INGESTION, DIGESTION, ABSORPTION, AND ELIMINATION
Nursing Assessment: Gastrointestinal System	1013	(25)
Structures and Functions: Gastrointestinal System	1013	(7)
Assessment: Gastrointestinal System	1020	(8)
Diagnostic Studies: Gastrointestinal System	1028	(10)
Nursing Management: Nutritional Problems	1038	(42)
Normal Nutrition	1038	(2)
Nutritional Needs	1040	(2)
Vitamin Imbalances	1042	(2)
Eating Disorders	1044	(2)
Malnutrition	1046	(7)
Types of Supplemental Nutrition	1053	(1)
Oral Feeding	1053	(1)
Tube Feeding	1053	(6)
Total Parenteral Nutrition	1059	(6)
Obesity	1065	(15)
Nursing Management: Upper Gastrointestinal Problems	1080	(56)
Dental Problems	1080	(4)
Oral Inflammations and Infections	1084	(1)
Carcinoma of the Oral Cavity	1084	(4)
Nausea and Vomiting	1088	(4)
Gastroesophageal Reflux Disease	1092	(3)
Hiatal Hernia	1095	(2)
Esophageal Cancer	1097	(4)
Gastritis	1101	(2)
Upper Gastrointestinal Bleeding	1103	(6)
Peptic Ulcers	1109	(17)
Cancer of the Stomach	1126	(5)
Food Poisoning	1131	(5)
Nursing Management: Lower Gastrointestinal Problems	1136	(55)
Diarrhea, Fecal Incontinence, and Constipation	1136	(9)
Abdominal Pain	1145	(3)
Abdominal Trauma	1148	(2)
Appendicitis	1150	(1)
Peritonitis	1150	(2)
Gastroenteritis	1152	(1)
Irritable Bowel Syndrome	1152	(1)
Inflammatory Bowel Disease	1152	(1)
Ulcerative Colitis	1152	(7)
Crohn's Disease	1159	(5)
Intestinal Obstruction	1164	(3)
Polyps of the Large Intestine	1167	(1)
Cancer of the Colon and Rectum	1168	(4)
Ostomy Surgery	1172	(9)
Diverticulosis and Diverticulitis	1181	(1)
Hernias	1182	(1)
Malabsorption Syndrome	1183	(3)
Anorectal Problems	1186	(5)
Nursing Management: Liver, Biliary Tract, and Pancreas Problems	1191	(50)
Jaundice	1191	(1)
Viral Hepatitis	1192	(11)
Cirrhosis of the Liver	1203	(15)
Carcinoma of the Liver	1218	(1)
Liver Transplantation	1219	(1)
Acute Pancreatitis	1220	(6)
Chronic Pancreatitis	1226	(1)
Carcinoma of the Pancreas	1227	(2)
Disorders of the Biliary Tract	1229	(12)
SECTION 9 PROBLEMS OF URINARY FUNCTION
Nursing Assessment: Urinary System	1241	(20)
Structures and Functions: Urinary System	1241	(5)
Assessment: Urinary System	1246	(4)
Diagnostic Studies: Urinary System	1250	(11)
Nursing Management: Renal and Urologic Problems	1261	(38)
Cystitis	1263	(3)
Acute Pyelonephritis	1266	(8)
Urinary Tract Calculi	1274	(6)
Renal Vascular Problems	1280	(1)
Hereditary Renal Diseases	1280	(2)
Renal Tumors	1282	(1)
Bladder Cancer	1283	(2)
Urinary Incontinence and Retention	1285	(3)
Instrumentation	1288	(2)
Surgery of the Urinary Tract	1290	(9)
Nursing Management: Acute and Chronic Renal Failure	1299	(46)
Acute Renal Failure	1299	(7)
Chronic Renal Failure	1306	(14)
Dialysis	1320	(1)
Peritoneal Dialysis	1320	(5)
Hemodialysis	1325	(4)
Continuous Renal Replacement Therapy	1329	(1)
Kidney Transplantation	1330	(15)
SECTION 10 PROBLEMS RELATED TO REGULATORY MECHANISMS
Nursing Assessment: Endocrine System	1345	(22)
Structures and Functions: Endocrine System	1345	(8)
Assessment: Endocrine System	1353	(6)
Diagnostic Studies: Endocrine System	1359	(8)
Nursing Management: Patient with Diabetes Mellitus	1367	(39)
Types of Diabetes Mellitus	1367	(2)
Type 1 Diabetes Mellitus	1369	(1)
Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus	1370	(22)
Complications of Diabetes	1392	(1)
Acute Metabolic Complications	1393	(5)
Chronic Complications	1398	(8)
Nursing Management: Endocrine Problems	1406	(43)
Disorders of the Anterior Pituitary Gland	1406	(4)
Disorders of the Posterior Pituitary Gland	1410	(1)
Syndrome of the Inappropriate Antidiuretic Hormone	1410	(3)
Diabetes Insipidus	1413	(2)
Disorders of the Thyroid Gland	1415	(1)
Hyperthyroidism	1415	(8)
Thyroid Enlargement	1423	(1)
Thyroiditis	1424	(1)
Hypothyroidism	1424	(4)
Disorders of the Parathyroid Glands	1428	(6)
Disorders of the Adrenal Cortex	1434	(1)
Cushing's Syndrome	1434	(6)
Adrenocortical Insufficiency/Addison's Disease	1440	(3)
Corticosteroid Therapy	1443	(2)
Disorders of the Adrenal Medulla	1445	(1)
Pheochromocytoma	1445	(4)
Nursing Assessment: Reproductive System	1449	(23)
Structures and Functions: Male and Female Reproductive Systems	1449	(8)
Assessment: Male and Female Reproductive Systems	1457	(7)
Diagnostic Studies: Reproductive System	1464	(8)
Nursing Management: Breast Disorders	1472	(23)
Assessment of Breast Disorders	1473	(3)
Benign Breast Problems	1476	(2)
Breast Cancer	1478	(12)
Mammoplasty	1490	(5)
Nursing Management: Sexually Transmitted Diseases	1495	(16)
Gonorrhea	1496	(2)
Syphilis	1498	(3)
Genital Herpes	1501	(2)
Chlamydial Infections	1503	(1)
Condylomata Acuminata	1504	(7)
Nursing Management: Female Reproductive Problems	1511	(42)
Contraceptive Methods	1511	(6)
Infertility	1517	(1)
Abortion	1518	(3)
Problems Related to Menstruation	1521	(3)
Problems Related to Vaginal Bleeding	1524	(2)
Ectopic Pregnancy	1526	(1)
Perimenopause and Postmenopause	1527	(2)
Rape	1529	(3)
Conditions of the Vulva, Vagina, and Cervix	1532	(2)
Pelvic Inflammatory Disease	1534	(2)
Endometriosis	1536	(3)
Benign Tumors of the Female Reproductive System	1539	(1)
Malignant Tumors of the Female Reproductive System	1540	(1)
Cervical Cancer	1540	(2)
Endometrial Cancer	1542	(1)
Ovarian Cancer	1543	(1)
Vaginal Cancer	1544	(1)
Vulvar Cancer	1544	(9)
Nursing Management: Male Genitourinary Problems	1553	(28)
Benign Prostatic Hyperplasia	1553	(9)
Cancer of the Prostate	1562	(5)
Problems of the Penis	1567	(1)
Problems of the Scrotum and Its Contents	1568	(3)
Sexual Functioning	1571	(1)
Vasectomy	1571	(1)
Erectile Dysfunction	1571	(4)
Infertility	1575	(6)
SECTION 11 PROBLEMS RELATED TO MOVEMENT AND COORDINATION
Nursing Assessment: Neurologic System	1581	(27)
Structures and functions: Nervous system	1581	(13)
Assessment: Nervous System	1594	(8)
Diagnostic Studies: Nervous System	1602	(6)
Nursing Management: Intracranial Problems	1608	(37)
Unconsciousness	1608	(3)
Intracranial pressure	1611	(1)
Increased Intracranial Pressure	1612	(12)
Head Trauma	1624	(6)
Intracranial Tumors	1630	(3)
Cranial Surgery	1633	(5)
Inflammatory Conditions of the Brain	1638	(1)
Meningitis	1638	(3)
Encephalitis	1641	(4)
Nursing Management: Patient with a Stroke	1645	(27)
Risk Factors for Strokes	1645	(1)
Etiology and Pathophysiology	1646	(1)
Types of Stroke	1647	(3)
Clinical Manifestations	1650	(2)
Diagnostic Studies	1652	(1)
Collaborative Care	1652	(20)
Nursing Management: Chronic Neurologic Problems	1672	(41)
Headache	1672	(1)
Tension-Type Headache	1672	(1)
Migraine Headache	1673	(1)
Cluster Headache	1674	(4)
Seizure Disorders and Epilepsy	1678	(9)
Multiple Sclerosis	1687	(7)
Parkinson's Disease	1694	(6)
Myasthenia Gravis	1700	(2)
Alzheimer's Disease	1702	(6)
Restless Legs Syndrome	1708	(5)
Nursing Management: Peripheral Nerve and Spinal Cord Problems	1713	(32)
Cranial Nerve Disorders	1713	(1)
Trigeminal Neuralgia	1713	(4)
Bell's Palsy	1717	(1)
Polyneuropathies	1718	(1)
Guillain-Barre Syndrome	1718	(2)
Botulism	1720	(1)
Tetanus	1721	(1)
Neurosyphilis	1722	(1)
Spinall Cord Trauma	1722	(19)
Spinal Cord Tumors	1741	(4)
Nursing Assessment: Musculoskeletal System	1745	(17)
Structures and Functions: Musculoskeletal System	1745	(5)
Assessment: Musculoskeletal System	1750	(5)
Diagnostic Studies: Musculoskeletal System	1755	(7)
Nursing Management: Musculoskeletal Problems	1762	(57)
Soft-Tissue Injuries	1762	(1)
Sprains and Strains	1762	(2)
Dislocation and Subluxation	1764	(1)
Carpal Tunnel Syndrome	1765	(1)
Repetitive Strain Injury	1766	(1)
Rotator Cuff Injuries	1766	(1)
Meniscus Injury	1766	(2)
Fractures	1768	(27)
Osteomyelitis	1795	(3)
Amputation	1798	(4)
Bone Cancer	1802	(2)
Low Back Pain	1804	(6)
Neck Pain	1810	(1)
Common Foot Problems	1810	(2)
Osteoporosis	1812	(7)
Nursing Management: Arthritis and Connective Tissue Diseases	1819	(46)
Osteoarthritis	1819	(8)
Rheumatoid Arthritis	1827	(10)
Ankylosing Spondylitis	1837	(1)
Reiter's Syndrome	1837	(1)
Lyme Disease	1838	(1)
Gout	1839	(2)
Systemic Lupus Erythematosus	1841	(6)
Systemic Sclerosis	1847	(3)
Polymyositis and Dermatomyositis	1850	(1)
Sjogren's Syndrome	1851	(1)
Fibromyalgia	1851	(1)
Common Joint Surgical Procedures	1852	(13)
SECTION 12 NURSING CARE IN SPECIALIZED SETTINGS
Nursing Management: Shock and Multiple Organ Failure	1865	(30)
Shock	1865	(1)
Classification of Shock	1865	(5)
Stages of Shock	1870	(6)
Diagnostic Studies	1876	(1)
General Collaborative Care: Shock	1876	(4)
Collaborative Care: Specific Types of Shock	1880	(9)
Systemic Inflammatory Response Syndrome and Multiple Organ Dysfunction Syndrome	1889	(6)
Nursing Management: Respiratory Failure	1895	(19)
Acute Respiratory Failure	1895	(1)
Etiology and Pathophysiology	1895	(4)
Clinical Manifestations	1899	(1)
Diagnostic Studies	1900	(6)
Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome	1906	(1)
Etiology and Pathophysiology	1907	(2)
Clinical Progression	1909	(1)
Clinical Manifestations	1909	(1)
Complications	1909	(5)
Nursing Management: Critical Care	1914	(44)
Critical Care Nursing	1914	(3)
Hemodynamic Monitoring	1917	(8)
Circulatory Assist Devices	1925	(4)
Artificial Airways	1929	(10)
Mechanical Ventilation	1939	(9)
Intracranial Pressure Monitoring	1948	(10)
Nursing Management: Selected Emergency Situations	1958	(19)
Care of the Emergency Patient	1958	(6)
Environmental Emergencies	1964	(1)
Heat-Related Emergencies	1964	(3)
Cold-Related Emergencies	1967	(2)
Drowning and Near-Drowning	1969	(1)
Bites and Stings	1970	(4)
Poisonings	1974	(3)
Appendixes	1977
A Nursing Diagnoses	1977	(3)
B Laboratory Values	1980	(15)
C Answer Key to Review Questions	1995