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9780816072095

Medicine Becomes a Science: 1840-1999

by
  • ISBN13:

    9780816072095

  • ISBN10:

    0816072094

  • Edition: 1st
  • Format: Hardcover
  • Copyright: 2010-01-30
  • Publisher: Facts on File
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List Price: $40.00

Summary

The History of Medicine is a six-volume chronological account of the development of biology and chemistry and the economic and policy issues associated with public health. The interdisciplinary set begins with an exploration of the medical practices of early humans and concludes with a volume presenting readers with the vital information they need to answer questions concerning the future, from understanding personal risks associated with certain diseases to the ethical questions concerning organ transplants and the preservation of life.

Author Biography

Kate Kelly is the author of more than 30 books, including That's Not in My Science Book!, a layperson's guide to complex scientific concepts, and has collaborated on works on medical topics such as heart disease, macular degeneration, allergies, and asthma.

Table of Contents

Prefacep. viii
Acknowledgmentsp. xii
Introductionp. xiii
Medical Science Finally Advancesp. 1
Louis Pasteur (1822-1895): Major Advances in Medicinep. 3
Pasteur and the Microbiologist Robert Koch Work on Anthraxp. 5
Pasteur Extends Work on Immunizationp. 8
Koch's Postulatesp. 9
Anthrax: Modern Weapon in Bioterrorismp. 10
Ignaz Semmelweis (1818-1865): Identifies the Cause of Hospital Infectionsp. 13
Rudolf Virchow's Cellular Discoveriesp. 16
Conclusionp. 18
Women and Modern Medicinep. 20
Elizabeth Blackwell (1821-1910): First Woman Doctor in Modern Timesp. 21
The Profession of Nursingp. 24
Nightingale and Seacole: The Women behind the Movementp. 25
Clara Barton (1821-1912): Founder of the American Red Crossp. 29
Linda Richards (1841-1930): First Professional Nurse in the United Statesp. 30
Dorothea Dix (1802-1887): Social Reformer and Advocate for the Insanep. 33
Alice Hamilton (1869-1970): Studied Field of Industrial Toxicologyp. 35
Conclusionp. 37
Science Moves Forward in Diagnosis and Treatmentp. 38
The Early Use of Anesthesiap. 40
The Development of X-raysp. 44
Marie Curie (1867-1934): Pioneer in the Field of Radioactivityp. 48
The Application of Radiologyp. 50
The Discovery of Virusesp. 53
Vaccines Precede Effective Treatmentp. 55
New Methods of Treatmentp. 56
Conclusionp. 57
Advances In Medicationsp. 58
Aspirin: Simple and Effectivep. 59
How Aspirin Worksp. 64
The Discovery of Penicillin Changes Medicinep. 66
The Creation of Other Antibioticsp. 70
The Search for a Magic Bulletp. 71
Superbugs and Resistance to Antibioticsp. 72
The Oral Contraceptive Pillp. 74
Conclusionp. 79
An Answer to Polio and Other Changes in Medicinep. 80
Polio Outbreaks Create Great Fearp. 82
Polio Presents in Various Formsp. 82
Salk and Sabinp. 84
A New Method for Medical Decision Makingp. 88
Archie Cochrane (1908-1988): Advocate for Evidence-Based Medicinep. 90
How Medical Schools Present Evidence-Based Medicinep. 93
The Importance of Clinical Trialsp. 94
Conclusionp. 97
More Changes Brought About By Warp. 99
Advances in Prostheticsp. 102
The Use of Vaccinesp. 106
Pioneers in Helping the Handicappedp. 107
The Better Management of Bloodp. 109
Mash Units and Even More Advances in Triagep. 110
Improvements in Pain Managementp. 111
John Wiegenstein (1930-2004): Father of Emergency Medicinep. 112
Conclusionp. 114
The Science of the Heartp. 115
Early Knowledge of the Bloodp. 116
The Importance of Blood Typesp. 117
The Establishment of Blood Banksp. 121
Cardiac Surgery Advancesp. 123
Artificial Hearts and Transplantsp. 127
Michael DeBakey, Doctor and Patientp. 131
Plasma Therapy: A Possible New Sports Treatmentp. 133
Current Thinking on Heart Healthp. 134
Conclusionp. 135
DNA Changes The Medical Knowledge Basep. 136
The Basics of DNA and How Genetics Were Viewed in the Pastp. 137
Scientists and Serendipityp. 139
DNA and the Criminal Justice Systemp. 142
The Human Genome Projectp. 143
DNA and the Futurep. 145
Ethical Issues Require Solutionsp. 148
National Institutes of Health: Undiagnosed Casesp. 149
Conclusionp. 149
Chronologyp. 150
Glossaryp. 153
Further Resourcesp. 156
Indexp. 161
Table of Contents provided by Ingram. All Rights Reserved.

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Excerpts

Scientists did not know what made people sick more than 150 years ago. There were many theories of how and why illness spread, but none of them were accurate. Though very primitive microscopes had permitted the examination of bacteria as early as the 1660s, it was not until the mid-19th century that bacteria's contribution to the spread of illness was understood. It was during this time that surgeons routinely examined patients in the morning and then performed surgeries in the afternoon—without wearing gloves or washing their hands first. Physician Ignaz Semmelweis made the connection between the lack of cleanliness and the spread of infection, which eventually drove Scottish physician Joseph Lister to push for greater sanitation in hospitals.Medicine Becomes a Scienceprovides readers with a solid grounding for understanding medicine today. Spanning 160 years, this new volume offers illuminating information about medical knowledge, describing the historic events, scientific principles, and technical breakthroughs that have led to rapid advancement in combating disease. During this period, scientists and physicians finally realized the cause of disease, and with this discovery, medical progress began to go forward. Examining the works of Antoni van Leeuwenhoek, Louis Pasteur, and Robert Koch, this book features a chronology, a glossary, and an array of historical and current sources for further research.Chapters include:
  • Medical Science Finally Advances
  • Women and Modern Medicine
  • Science Moves Forward in Diagnosis and Treatment
  • Advances in Medications
  • An Answer to Polio and Other Changes in Medicine
  • More Changes Brought About by War
  • The Science of the Heart
  • DNA Changes the Medical Knowledge Base.


Excerpted from Medicine Becomes a Science, 1840-1999 by Kate Kelly
All rights reserved by the original copyright owners. Excerpts are provided for display purposes only and may not be reproduced, reprinted or distributed without the written permission of the publisher.

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