Milestones in Microbiology: 1546 To 1940

by Brock, Thomas D.

• ISBN13: 9781555811426
• ISBN10: 1555811426
• Format: Paperback
• Copyright: 1999-03-01
• Publisher: Amer Society for Microbiology

Summary

Few microbiologists have had the occasion or opportunity to read those articles considered milestones in the development of their science. Now Dr. Thomas Brock has collected and translated those papers that form the foundations of microbiology, making them available and accessible to students and practicing microbiologists. Milestones in Microbiology is a fascinating collection that brings readers into the laboratories of such famous researchers as Leeuwenhoek, Pasteur, Koch, Lister, and many others. Valuable reading for anyone with an interest in the science's historical roots.

Table of Contents

Preface	xi
Historical Introduction	1	(7)
PART I Spontaneous Generation And Fermentation
Observations concerning little animals observed in rain-, well-, sea-and snow-water	8	(1)
Antony van Leeuwenhoek
Microscopical observations about animals in the scurf of the teeth	9	(2)
Antony van Leeuwenhoek
Observations on the generation, composition and decomposition of animal and vegetable substances	11	(2)
Turbevill Needham
Tracts on the nature of animals and vegetables; observations and experiments upon the animalcula of infusions	13	(3)
Lazaro Spallanzani
Preliminary report on experiments concerning alcoholic fermentation and putrefaction	16	(4)
Theodore Schwann
Memoir on alcoholic fermentation	20	(4)
Charles Cagniard-Latour
Concerning the phenomena of fermentation, putrefaction and decay, and their causes	24	(3)
Justis Liebig
Report on the lactic acid fermentation	27	(4)
Louis Pasteur
Memoir on the alcoholic fermentation	31	(8)
Louis Pasteur
Animal infusoria living in the absence of free oxygen, and the fermentations they bring about	39	(2)
Louis Pasteur
Influence of oxygen on the development of yeast and on the alcoholic fermentation	41	(2)
Louis Pasteur
On the organized bodies which exist in the atmosphere; examination of the doctrine of spontaneous generation	43	(6)
Louis Pasteur
Studies on the biology of the bacilli	49	(7)
Ferdinand Cohn
Further researches on the deportment and vital persistence of putrefactive and infective organisms from a physical point of view	56	(2)
John Tyndall
On the lactic fermentation and its bearings on pathology	58	(7)
Joseph Lister
Alcoholic fermentation without yeast cells	65	(4)
Eduard Buchner
PART II The Germ Theory of Disease
Contagion, contagious diseases and their treatment	69	(7)
Girolamo Fracastoro
Concerning miasmatic, contagious, and miasmatic-contagious diseases	76	(4)
J. Henle
Lecture on the genesis of puerperal fever (childbed fever)	80	(3)
Ignaz Semmelweis
On a new method of treating compound fracture, abscess, and so forth; with observations on the conditions of suppuration	83	(3)
Joseph Lister
On the antiseptic principle in the practice of surgery	86	(3)
Joseph Lister
The etiology of anthrax, based on the life history of Bacillus anthracis	89	(7)
Robert Koch
Investigations into the etiology of traumatic infective diseases	96	(5)
Robert Koch
Methods for the study of pathogenic organisms	101	(8)
Robert Koch
The etiology of tuberculosis	109	(7)
Robert Koch
The etiology of tuberculosis. [Koch's postulates.]	116	(2)
Robert Koch
A method for staining the tubercle bacillus	118	(3)
Paul Ehrlich
PART III Immunology
An inquiry into the causes and effects of the variolae vaccinae, a disease discovered in some of the western countries of England, particularly Gloucestershire, and known by the name of The Cow Pox	121	(5)
Edward Jenner
The attenuation of the causal agent of fowl cholera	126	(5)
Louis Pasteur
On a vaccine for fowl cholera and anthrax	131	(1)
Louis Pasteur
A disease of Daphnia caused by a yeast. A contribution to the theory of phagocytes as agents for attack on disease-causing organisms	132	(6)
Elias Metschnikoff
The mechanism of immunity in animals to diphtheria and tetanus	138	(3)
Emil von Behring
Shibasaburo Kitasato
Studies on the mechanism of immunity to diphtheria in animals	141	(3)
Emil von Behring
Leucocytes and the active property of serum from vaccinated animals	144	(5)
Jules Bordet
PART IV Virology
Report of the commission for research on the foot-and-mouth disease	149	(4)
Friedrich Loeffler
P. Frosch
A Contagium vivum fluidum as the cause of the mosaic disease of tobacco leaves	153	(4)
M. W. Beijerinck
An invisible microbe that is antagonistic to the dysentery bacillus	157	(3)
F. d'Herelle
Isolation of a crystalline protein possessing the properties of tobaccomosaic virus	160	(3)
Wendell M. Stanley
PART V Chemotherapy
The chemical foundations of the study of disinfection and of the action of poisons	163	(13)
B. Kronig
Th. Paul
Modern chemotherapy	176	(9)
Paul Ehrlich
On the antibacterial action of cultures of a Penicillium, with special reference to their use in the isolation of B. influenzae	185	(10)
Alexander Fleming
A contribution to the chemotherapy of bacterial infections	195	(4)
Gerhard Domagk
The relation of para-aminobenzoic acid to the mechanism of the action of sulphanilamide	199	(11)
Donald D. Woods
PART VI General Microbiology
Studies on bacteria	210	(5)
Ferdinand Cohn
The differential staining of Schizomycetes in tissue sections and in dried preparations	215	(3)
Christian Gram
A minor modification of the plating technique of Koch	218	(2)
R. J. Petri
The root-nodule bacteria	220	(5)
Martinus W. Beijerinck
Auxanography, a method useful in microbiological research, involving diffusion in gelatin	225	(2)
Martinus W. Beijerinck
Physiological studies on the sulfur bacteria	227	(4)
S. Winogradsky
On the nitrifying organisms	231	(3)
S. Winogradsky
Enrichment culture studies with urea bacteria	234	(3)
Martinus W. Beijerinck
On oligonitrophilic microorganisms	237	(3)
Martinus W. Beijerinck
A new substance necessary for the growth of yeast	240	(6)
E. Wildiers
Fixation of free atmospheric nitrogen by Azotobacter in pure culture	246	(1)
Martinus W. Beijerinck
Unity and diversity in the metabolism of micro-organisms	247	(16)
Albert J. Kluyver
Index	263