Miller's Guide to Foundations and Sitework

by Miller, Mark; Miller, Rex

• ISBN13: 9780071451451
• ISBN10: 0071451455
• Edition: 1st
• Format: Paperback
• Copyright: 2005-07-08
• Publisher: McGraw-Hill Education

Summary

Written by two of the co-authors of McGraw-Hill's popular Carpentry & Construction, Fourth Edition, this dollar-saving series is great for do-it-yourselfers, weekend repairmen and homeowners, as well as seasoned pros who want to stay on top of the latest methods, materials, equipment, and code requirements. Organized according to the actual stages of construction, these titles offer in-depth, expert-level coverage of everything needed to plan, manage, and complete a job. Both are heavily illustrated and contain valuable tip-boxes throughout. Latest information on Insulated Concrete Forms Clearing, leveling, and excavating Preparing and laying the foundation Concrete mixing Pouring concrete slabs and floors Site improvements

Author Biography

Mark R. Miller (Kingsville, TX) Chairman and Associate Professor of Industrial Technology at Texas A&M University in Kingsville, Texas. He teaches construction courses for future middle managers in the trade. Co-author of several technical books including McGraw-Hill’s best selling Carpentry & Construction 3/e.

Rex Miller (Round Rock, TX) is Professor Emeritus of Industrial Technology at State University College at Buffalo, and has taught technical curriculums at the college level for more than 40 years. He is the co-author of McGraw-Hill’s best-selling Carpentry & Construction 3/e, and the author of more than 75 texts for vocation and industrial arts programs.

Table of Contents

Preface	ix
Acknowledgments	x
Introduction	xi
Starting the Job
Safety	2	(3)
Other Safety Measures	2	(1)
General Safety Rules	3	(1)
Safety on the Job	3	(1)
Safety Hazards	4	(1)
Using Carpenter Tools	5	(13)
Measuring Tools	5	(1)
Saws	6	(1)
Hammers and Other Small Tools	6	(4)
Squares	10	(3)
Power Tools	13	(5)
Following Correct Sequences	18	(8)
Preparing the Site	18	(3)
The Basement	21	(1)
The Floor	22	(1)
Wall Frames	22	(1)
Sheathing	22	(1)
Roofing	22	(1)
Siding	23	(1)
Finishing	23	(1)
The Laser Level	23	(3)
Preparing the Site
Basic Sequence	26	(1)
Locating the Building on the Site	26	(3)
Property Boundaries	26	(1)
Laying Out the Foundation	27	(2)
The Builder's Level	29	(6)
How Does It Work?	29	(1)
Preparing the Instrument	30	(2)
The Level-Transit	32	(1)
Using the Level and Level-Transit	32	(2)
Establishing Elevations	34	(1)
Using the Leveling Rod	34	(1)
Preparing the Site	35	(1)
Clearing	35	(1)
Excavation	35	(1)
Providing Access During Construction	36	(6)
Materials Storage	36	(2)
Temporary Utilities	38	(1)
Waste Disposal	38	(1)
Arranging Delivery Routes	38	(4)
Laying Footings & Foundations
Introduction	42	(1)
Sequence	43	(1)
Laying Out the Footings	43	(2)
Soil Strength	43	(1)
Footing Width	44	(1)
Locating Footing Depth	44	(1)
Footings under Columns	44	(1)
Special Strength Needs	45	(1)
Reinforcement and Strength	45	(1)
Excavating the Footings	45	(2)
Finding Trench Depth	45	(1)
Excavating for Deep Footings	46	(1)
Excavating for Shallow Footings	46	(1)
Slab Footings and Basements	47	(1)
Building the Forms for the Footings	47	(2)
Laying Out the Forms	47	(1)
Nails	48	(1)
Putting Up the Forms	48	(1)
Working with Concrete	49	(5)
Reinforcement	49	(1)
Specifying Concrete	49	(1)
Setting Time	50	(1)
Estimating Concrete Needs	51	(1)
Pouring the Concrete	51	(1)
Strength of the Concrete	52	(1)
Slump Test	52	(1)
Effects of Temperature	53	(1)
Curing of the Concrete	54	(1)
Using Portland Cement Concrete Safely	54	(1)
Building the Foundation Forms	54	(7)
Making the Forms	54	(1)
Joining the Forms	54	(1)
Spreaders	55	(1)
Using Panel Forms	55	(1)
One-Piece Forms	56	(1)
Special Forms	57	(1)
Openings and Special Shapes	57	(2)
Reinforcing Concrete Foundations	59	(1)
Estimating Concrete Volume	60	(1)
Delivery and Pouring	60	(1)
Finishing the Concrete	60	(1)
Concrete Block Walls	61	(1)
Plywood Foundations	61	(1)
Drainage and Waterproofing	62	(1)
Waterproofing Basement Walls	63	(1)
Basement Wall Coatings	63	(2)
Gray Wall	65	(1)
Termites	65	(3)
Types of Termites	66	(1)
Termite Protection	67	(1)
Termites and Treated Wood	68	(1)
Pressure-Treated Wood	68	(4)
Preservatives	69	(1)
Aboveground and In-Ground Treatment	69	(1)
Nails and Fasteners	70	(1)
Handling and Storing Treated Wood	70	(2)
Pouring Concrete Slabs & Floors
Concrete Slabs	72	(10)
Sequence for Preparing a Slab	72	(1)
Types of Slabs	73	(1)
Excavate	73	(1)
Construct the Forms	74	(1)
Prepare the Subsurface	75	(2)
Special Shapes	77	(1)
Pouring the Slab	78	(3)
Expansion and Contraction	81	(1)
Joints	81	(1)
Concrete Floors	82	(1)
Stairs	82	(1)
Sidewalks and Driveways	83	(1)
Sidewalks	83	(1)
Driveways	83	(1)
Special Finishes and Surfaces	84	(2)
Different Surface Textures	84	(2)
Energy Factors	86	(2)
Building Floor Frames
Introduction	88	(1)
Sequence	88	(1)
Sill Placement	88	(3)
Anchor the Sill	89	(2)
Setting Girders	91	(1)
Joists	91	(7)
Lay Out the Joists	91	(4)
Cut Joists	95	(1)
Other Ways to Cut Joists	95	(1)
Setting the Joists	96	(1)
Fire-Stops	97	(1)
Bridging	98	(1)
Subfloors	98	(4)
Plywood Subfloor	99	(1)
Chipboard and Fiberboard	99	(1)
Laying Sheets	99	(2)
Board Subflooring	101	(1)
Special Joists	102	(2)
Overhangs	102	(1)
Sunken Floors	102	(2)
Low Profiles	104	(1)
Energy Factors	104	(6)
Moisture Barriers	105	(1)
Energy Plenums	106	(4)
Private Sewage Facilities
Septic Tanks and Disposal Fields	110	(1)
Septic Tank Operation	110	(2)
Septic Tank Location	112	(1)
Septic Tank Disposal Field	112	(1)
The Grease Trap	113	(1)
Newer Wastewater Treatments	114	(6)
Private Water Systems
Public Water Supplies	120	(1)
Private Water Systems	120	(1)
Drilling a Well, Boring a Well, or Driving a Well	120	(1)
Drinking Water	121	(1)
Well Water	121	(1)
Water Pressure	122	(1)
Pressure Tanks	122	(1)
Operation of the Pressure Tank	123	(1)
Pressure Switch	124	(1)
Relief Valve (Pressure)	124	(1)
Pump Installation	124	(2)
Test Run	126	(1)
Pressure Tank Installation	126	(1)
Water Conditioning Equipment	126	(1)
Locating the Equipment	127	(1)
Definitions	128	(2)
Designing and Planning for Solar Heating
Passive Solar Heating	130	(4)
Indirect Gain	130	(2)
Direct Gain	132	(1)
Isolated Gain	132	(1)
Time Lag Heating	133	(1)
Underground Heating	133	(1)
Passive Cooling Systems	134	(1)
Natural Ventilation	134	(1)
Induced Ventilation	134	(1)
Desiccant Cooling	134	(1)
Evaporative Cooling	134	(1)
Night Sky Radiation Cooling	134	(1)
Time Lag Cooling	134	(1)
Underground Cooling	134	(1)
Active Solar Heating Systems	135	(5)
Operation of Solar Heating Systems	135	(1)
Domestic Water Heating System	135	(1)
Indirect Heating/Circulating Systems	136	(2)
Air Transfer	138	(1)
Cycle Operation	138	(1)
Designing the Domestic Water Heating System	139	(1)
Other Components	140	(1)
Is This for Me?	140	(1)
Building Modifications	141	(2)
Building Underground	143	(5)
Advantages	143	(5)
Alternative Types of Foundations
Insulated Concrete Forms	148	(9)
Advantages and Disadvantages to Insulated Concrete Forms	148	(1)
Tools Used in Insulated Concrete Form Framing	149	(1)
Sequence	149	(2)
Types of Foam	151	(1)
Three Types of ICF Systems	151	(3)
Foam Working Tools	154	(1)
Gluing and Tying Units	154	(1)
Pouring Concrete	154	(3)
Concrete Block	157	(4)
The Permanent Wood Foundation System	161	(5)
Panel Foundations	163	(1)
Building Materials	163	(2)
Energy Considerations	165	(1)
Finishing	165	(1)
Adding Living Space	165	(1)
Remodeling	165	(1)
Flexibility	166	(1)
Pressure-Treated Wood Concerns and Considerations	166	(2)
Types of Wood Preservative	168	(2)
Constructing the Permanent Wood Foundation	170	(1)
Radon Gas	170	(1)
Advantages of the PWF	170	(18)
Flexibility	170	(1)
Scheduling	170	(1)
Further Advantages of the PWF	171	(1)
Soil Conditions	171	(1)
Site Preparation	172	(1)
Footings and Backfill	173	(1)
Site Drainage	173	(3)
Building the PWF Step-by-Step	176	(1)
Finishing the PWF House	176	(12)
Appendices
A. Concrete Blocks and/or Concrete Masonry Units	188	(2)
Grades of Concrete Masonry Units	188	(1)
Types of Concrete Masonry Units	188	(1)
Concrete Brick	188	(1)
Concrete Masonry Units	188	(2)
Water-Cement Ratio	190	(1)
Steel Reinforcement	190	(1)
B. Things to Know About Bricks	190	(3)
Bricks	190	(1)
Types of Brick	191	(1)
Grades of Brick	192	(1)
C. Welded Wire Fabric Reinforcement for Concrete	193	(1)
D. Specialty Plywood Panels	194	(1)
E. English to Metric Conversions	195	(14)
Glossary
Index	209