Minitab Handbook

by Ryan, Barbara F.; Joiner, Brian L.

• ISBN13: 9780534370930
• ISBN10: 0534370934
• Format: Paperback
• Copyright: 2000-06-14
• Publisher: Duxbury Press

Summary

Master MINITAB, the leading software package used in industry for quality and process improvement with the MINITAB HANDBOOK: UPDATED FOR RELEASE 14. This book illustrates by example and step-by-step instruction how to use MINITAB 14 to explore and analyze data and uses examples to illustrates how statistical concepts apply to data analysis. More than 4,000 colleges, universities, and high schools rely on MINITAB, making this software the educational standard.

Table of Contents

Introduction to Minitab	1	(47)
Welcome to Minitab	1	(15)
Using Windows	1	(3)
Working with the Minitab Program Window	4	(4)
Working with Menus	8	(1)
Working with Dialog Boxes	9	(2)
Getting Help	11	(3)
Scrolling	14	(1)
Understanding Minitab Windows	15	(1)
Working with Data	16	(8)
Missing Data	18	(1)
Data Types	18	(1)
Entering Data	18	(3)
Editing Cell Contents	21	(2)
Naming Columns	23	(1)
Naming Worksheets	23	(1)
Working with Minitab Windows	24	(9)
Choosing Variables	24	(1)
Performing Calculations in the Data Window	25	(2)
Generating Statistics in the Session Window	27	(1)
Creating a Graph in a Graph Window	28	(1)
Opening the History Window	28	(3)
Opening the Info Window	31	(1)
Printing a Window	31	(2)
Working with Minitab Projects	33	(15)
Saving a Project	33	(2)
Closing a Project and Exiting Minitab	35	(1)
Opening a Project	36	(2)
Saving Pieces of a Project	38	(2)
Saving a Worksheet	40	(1)
Saving Session, History, and Info Windows	40	(1)
Saving a Graph	41	(1)
Adding an Empty Worksheet to a Project	42	(1)
Creating a New Project	42	(1)
Opening a Worksheet	43	(2)
Opening a Portable Worksheet	45	(1)
Exercises	45	(3)
Session Commands	48	(36)
Enabling the Minitab Command Language	48	(9)
Command Language	48	(1)
Enabling the Command Language	48	(2)
Executing a Command	50	(1)
Command Syntax	50	(3)
Minitab Command Box Format	53	(1)
Subcommands	54	(1)
Getting Session Command Help	55	(2)
Useful Session Commands	57	(16)
Entering Data	57	(4)
Naming Columns	61	(1)
Displaying Data in the Session Window	62	(1)
Performing Calculations	63	(4)
Saving and Retrieving Data	67	(1)
Getting Worksheet Information	68	(1)
Subsetting Data	69	(4)
Working with the Contents of the Session Window	73	(11)
Editing the Session Window	73	(1)
Copying and Pasting Commands	74	(3)
Copying Commands from the History Window	77	(1)
Using the Command Line Editor	77	(1)
Disabling the Command Language	78	(1)
Exiting Minitab	78	(1)
Exercises	79	(5)
Worksheet Operations	84	(32)
Editing the Worksheet	84	(10)
Selecting Blocks of Data	85	(1)
Inserting Data	85	(2)
Clearing or Deleting Data	87	(1)
Copying and Pasting Data	88	(2)
Moving Columns	90	(1)
Resizing Columns	90	(1)
Formatting Columns	91	(1)
Documenting Columns	92	(2)
Manipulating Data	94	(9)
Subsetting the Worksheet	94	(2)
Stacking and Unstacking Columns	96	(1)
Generating Patterned Data	97	(1)
Reusing a Dialog Box	98	(2)
Sorting Data	100	(1)
Ranking Data	100	(2)
Coding Data	102	(1)
Importing and Exporting Data	103	(6)
Portable Files	104	(1)
Exchanging Data with Minitab-Compatible Applications	105	(2)
Saving Data in a Text File	107	(1)
Importing Files in Custom Formats	108	(1)
Importing from a Database	108	(1)
Working with Matrices	109	(7)
Entering Data into a Matrix	109	(1)
Viewing the Contents of a Matrix	110	(1)
Performing Matrix Calculations	111	(1)
Printing Matrices and Constants	112	(1)
Exercises	113	(3)
Summaries and Graphs	116	(42)
Understanding Data Types	116	(1)
Categorical Data	116	(1)
Ordinal Data	117	(1)
Interval Data	117	(1)
Exploring Graphs in Minitab	117	(9)
Changing Data Display	119	(2)
Working with Multiple Graphs	121	(1)
Annotating Graphs	121	(1)
Modifying Graph Frames	122	(1)
Modifying Graph Regions	122	(2)
Exploring Unique Graph Features	124	(1)
Editing Graphs	124	(2)
Creating Single-Variable Graphs	126	(10)
Creating a Histogram	126	(5)
Creating a Dotplot	131	(1)
Creating a Stem-and-Leaf Plot	132	(2)
Creating a Pie Chart	134	(2)
Generating One-Number Statistics	136	(4)
Displaying Descriptive Statistics	136	(2)
Displaying Column Statistics	138	(1)
Displaying Row Statistics	139	(1)
Creating a Boxplot	140	(2)
Summarizing Categorical and Ordinal Data	142	(3)
Tables	145	(13)
Tables of Counts and Percents	146	(2)
Tables of Summary Statistics	148	(2)
Exercises	150	(8)
Single-Variable Summaries and Graphs	158	(21)
Creating Scatterplots	158	(5)
Furnace Example	158	(2)
Jittering Points	160	(1)
Cartoon Example	161	(2)
Creating Plots with Groups	163	(1)
Creating Plots with Several Variables	164	(4)
Creating Time Series Plots	168	(11)
Indicating a Time Scale	170	(1)
Using Time Series Plots to Find Problems	171	(1)
Exercises	172	(7)
Statistical Distributions	179	(27)
The Normal Distribution	179	(7)
Probability Density Function	179	(3)
Cumulative Distribution Functions	182	(3)
Inverse of the CDF	185	(1)
The Binomial Distribution	186	(4)
Calculating Binomial Probabilities with PDF	187	(1)
Cumulative Distribution Function	188	(1)
Inverse of the CDF	189	(1)
Normal Approximation to the Binomial	190	(3)
The Poisson Distribution	193	(2)
Calculating Poisson Probabilities with PDF	193	(1)
Cumulative Distribution Function	194	(1)
Inverse of the CDF	195	(1)
A Summary of Distributions in Minitab	195	(11)
Continuous Distributions	195	(3)
Discrete Distributions	198	(1)
Exercises	199	(7)
Statistical Distributions and Simulation	206	(21)
Using Simulation to Learn about Randomness	206	(1)
Bernoulli Trials	207	(2)
Random Sequences	209	(1)
Simulating Data from a Normal Distribution	209	(6)
A Useful Trick for Simulating Data	213	(2)
Simulating Data from the Binomial Distribution	215	(2)
Simulating Data from the Poisson Distribution	217	(2)
Sampling Finite Populations	219	(1)
Simulation Data from Other Distribution	219	(1)
The Base for the Random Number Generator	220	(7)
Exercises	220	(7)
One-Sample Confidence Intervals and Tests for Population Means	227	(24)
How Sample Means Vary	228	(2)
Confidence Interval for μ When σ Is Known	230	(2)
Confidence Interval for μ When σ Is Not Known	232	(2)
Test of Hypothesis for μ When σ Is Known	234	(2)
Test of Hypothesis for μ When σ Is Not Known	236	(2)
Practical Significance versus Statistical Significance	237	(1)
Departures from Assumptions	238	(13)
Nonrandomness	238	(1)
Nonnormality	238	(4)
Exercises	242	(9)
Comparing Two Means: Confidence Intervals and Tests	251	(18)
Paired and Independent Data	251	(2)
Difference between Two Means: Paired Data	253	(4)
Confidence Intervals	255	(1)
Paired t-Test	256	(1)
Difference between Two Means: Independent Samples	257	(12)
Data in a Different Format	261	(3)
Exercises	264	(5)
Analysis of Variance	269	(26)
Analysis of Variance with One Factor	269	(5)
The One-Way Analysis of Variance Procedure	271	(3)
Analysis of Variance with Two Factors	274	(7)
Additive Models	275	(2)
Models with Interactions	277	(4)
Randomized Block Designs	281	(3)
Residuals and Fitted Values	284	(11)
One-Way Designs	284	(1)
Two-Way Designs with an Interaction Term	285	(1)
Additive Models and Randomized Block Designs	285	(1)
Exercises	286	(9)
Correlation and Regression	295	(41)
Correlation	296	(1)
Simple Regression: Fitting a Straight Line	297	(4)
R-Squared (Coefficient of Determination)	301	(1)
Making Inferences from Straight-Line Fits	301	(5)
Conditions for Inference	302	(1)
Interpreting the Output	303	(3)
Multiple Regression	306	(5)
Interpreting the Output	307	(2)
Notation and Assumptions in Multiple Regression	309	(1)
Confidence Intervals and Tests	309	(2)
Fitting Polynomials	311	(2)
Interpreting Residuals in Simple and Polynomial Regression	313	(3)
Using Transformations	316	(4)
Effect of Transformations on Assumptions	320	(1)
Plotting Regression Lines	320	(16)
Exercises	322	(14)
Chi-Square Tests and Contingency Tables	336	(16)
Chi-Square Goodness-of-Fit Test	336	(2)
Contingency Tables	338	(2)
Making the Table and Computing Chi-Square	340	(2)
Tables with Small Expected Counts	342	(10)
Exercises	344	(8)
Nonparametric Statistics	352	(26)
Sign Procedures	353	(4)
Sign Tests	354	(1)
Sign Confidence Intervals	355	(1)
Paired Data	356	(1)
Wilcoxon Signed Rank Procedures	357	(4)
Wilcoxon Signed Rank Test	358	(2)
Wilcoxon Confidence Interval	360	(1)
Two-Sample Rank Procedures	361	(2)
An Example	361	(2)
Kruskal-Wallis Test	363	(2)
Technical Details (Optional)	365	(13)
Sign Confidence Interval	365	(1)
Wilcoxon Signed Rank Test and Confidence Interval	366	(2)
Mann-Whitney Test and Confidence Interval	368	(2)
Exercises	370	(8)
Control Charts	378	(16)
Control Charts and Process Variation	378	(1)
Control Charts for Measurement Data	379	(9)
Charts for Means	379	(5)
Charts for Dispersion	384	(3)
Unequal Subgroup Sizes	387	(1)
Control Charts for Attribute Data	388	(6)
Exercises	391	(3)
Additional Topics in Regression	394	(12)
Variable Selection in Regression	394	(6)
Stepwise Regression	395	(2)
Best Subsets Regression	397	(3)
Diagnostics in Regression	400	(3)
Diagnostics for Individual Observations	400	(1)
Regression Options	401	(2)
Additional Regression Features	403	(3)
Storage of Some Results	403	(1)
Weighted Regression	403	(1)
Ill-Conditioned Data	404	(1)
Exercises	405	(1)
Additional Topics in Analysis of Variance	406	(32)
Multiple Comparisons with One-Way	406	(4)
Fisher's Least Significant Difference (LSD)	407	(1)
Tukey's Honestly Significant Difference (HSD)	407	(1)
Dunnett's Procedure	408	(1)
Example Using Fabric Data	408	(2)
Multifactor Balanced Designs	410	(3)
Example Using the Potato Rot Data	411	(2)
Unbalanced Designs	413	(6)
Models in GLM	415	(1)
Regression Approach to Analysis of Variance	416	(3)
Analysis of Covariance	419	(5)
Regression Approach to Analysis of Covariance	421	(3)
Random Effects and Mixed Models	424	(14)
Mixed Models, Expected Mean Squares, and Variance Components	427	(2)
Three-Factor Mixed Model	429	(3)
Exercises	432	(6)
Macros	438	(6)
Minitab Macros	438	(1)
Storing Commands	438	(3)
Invoking a Macro	441	(1)
Looping through Commands	442	(2)
Exercises	443	(1)
Appendix	444	(9)
Index	453	(8)
Credits	461