Modern Carpentry: Building Construction Details in Easy-To-Understand Form

by Wagner, Willis H.; Smith, Howard Bud

• ISBN13: 9781566375696
• ISBN10: 156637569X
• Edition: 1st
• Format: Hardcover
• Copyright: 1999-12-01
• Publisher: Goodheart-Willcox Pub

Summary

Modern Carpentry is a colorful, easy-to-understand source of authoritative and up-to-date information on building materials and construction methods. The text provides detailed coverage of all aspects of light frame construction, including site preparation and layout; foundations; framing; sheathing; roofing; windows and doors; exterior finish; and interior wall, floor, and ceiling finish. Special emphasis is placed on the use of modern tools, materials, and prefabricated components in the application of interior trim, and the construction of stairs and cabinetwork.

Table of Contents

Section 1 Preparing to Build
Building Materials	17	(34)
Lumber
Wood Structure and Growth
Kinds of Wood
Cutting Methods
Moisture Content and Shrinkage
Seasoning Lumber
Moisture Meters
Lumber Defects
Softwood Grades
Hardwood Grades
Lumber Stress Values
Lumber Sizes
Calculating Board Footage
Metric Lumber Measure
Panel Materials
Plywood
Grade-Trademark Stamp
Exposure Ratings
Span Ratings
HDO and MDO Plywood
Composite Board
Hard Board
Particleboard
Waferboard
Wood Treatments
Handling and Storage
Engineered Lumber
Nonwood Materials
General Safety Rules	51	(4)
Clothing
Personal Protective Equipment
Hand Tools
Power Tools
Good Housekeeping
Decks and Floors
Scaffolds and Ladders
Falling Objects
Handling Pressure-Treated Lumber
Spray Painting
Lifting and Carrying
Fire Protection
First Aid
Hand Tools	55	(20)
Measuring and Layout Tools
Saws
Planing, Smoothing, and Shaping Tools
Drilling and Boring Tools
Fastening Tools
Prying Tools
Gripping and Clamping Tools
Tool Storage
Care and Maintenance
Power Tools	75	(26)
Power Tool Safety
Portable Circular Saws
Saber Saws
Chain Saws
Portable Electric Drills
Rotary Hammer and Hammer Drills
Power Planes
Portable Routers
Portable Sanders
Staplers and Nailers
Radial Arm Saws
Table Saws
Jointers
Special Saws
Saw Safety
Specialty Tools
Power Tool Care and Maintenance
Leveling Instruments	101	(13)
Plot Plan
Establishing Building Lines
Care of Leveling Instruments
Setting Up Leveling Instruments
Sighting
The Horizontal Graduated Circle
Laying Out and Staking a Building
Finding Grade Level
Setting Footing Stakes
Contour Lines
Running Straight Lines with a Transit
Vertical Planes and Lines
Laserplane System
Plans, Specifications, and Codes	114	(29)
Drawings in a Set of Plans
Stock Plans
Scale
Floor and Foundation Plans
Elevations
Framing Plan
Section and Detail Drawings
Lists of Materials
Symbols
How to Scale a Drawing
Changing Plans
Specifications
Modular Construction
Metric Measurement
Building Codes
Building Permits and Inspection
Section 2 Footings, Foundations, and Framing
Footings and Foundations	143	(36)
Clearing the Site
Laying Out Building Lines
Excavation
Foundation Systems
Footings
Slabs
Forms for Footings
Concrete
Erecting Wall Forms
Placing Concrete
Concrete Block Foundation
Mortar
Laying Concrete Block
Lintels
Insulating Foundation Walls
Waterproofing
Backfilling
Slab-on-Ground Foundations
Basement Floors
Entrance Platforms and Stairs
Sidewalks and Drives
Screeding
Edging
Wood Foundations
Cold Weather Construction
Admixtures
Estimating Materials
Floor Framing	179	(26)
Platform Framing
Balloon Framing
Girders and Beams
Steel Beams
Posts and Columns
Framing over Girders and Beams
Sill Construction
Termite Shields
Installing Sills
Joists
Laying Out Joists
Installing Joists
Framing Openings
Bridging
Special Framing Problems
Cutting Floor Joists
Low-Profile Floor Frames
Open Web Trusses
Solid Web Truss
Subfloors
Plywood
Glued Floor System
Installing Steel Joists
Estimating Materials
Wall and Ceiling Framing	205	(28)
Parts of the Wall Frame
Corners
Partition Intersections
Rough Openings
Alternate Header Construction
Plate Layout
Story Pole
Master Stud Layout
Constructing Wall Sections
Partitions
Plumbing in Walls
Bracing
Tri-Level and Split-Level Framing
Wall Sheathing
Multistory Floor Framing
Ceiling Framing
Strongbacks
House Wrap
Framing with Steel
Estimating Materials
Estimating Studs
Roof Framing	233	(39)
Roof Types
Roof Supports
Parts of a Roof Frame
Types of Rafters
Layout Terms and Principles
Using the Rafter Table
Using the Super Square
Erecting a Gable Roof
Gable End Frame
Hip and Valley Rafters
Jack Rafters
Valley Jacks
Erecting Jack Rafters
Special Problems
Roof Openings
Roof Anchorage
Collar Beams
Purlins
Dormers
Flat Roofs
Mansard Roofs
Gambrel Roofs
Special Framing
Roof Truss Construction
Bracing of Truss Rafters
Steel Roof Framing
Roof Sheathing
Installing Sheathing
Panel Clips
Estimating Materials
Model Construction
Section 3 Closing In
Roofing Materials and Methods	272	(45)
Types of Materials
Roofing Terms
Preparing the Roof Deck
Asphalt Roofing Products
Underlayment
Drip Edge
Barrier at Eaves
Flashing
Installing Open Valley Flashing
Installing Woven Valley Flashing
Installing Closed-Cut Valley Flashing
Flashing at a Wall
Chimney Flashing
Chimney Saddle
Vent Stack and Skylight Flashing
Strip Shingles
Fastening Shingles
Starter Strips
First and Succeeding Courses
Hips and Ridges
Wind Protection
Individual Asphalt Shingles
Low Slope Roofs
Roll Roofing
Reroofing
Wood Shingles
Wood Shakes
Reroofing over Old Shingles
Tile Roofing
Metal Roofing
Aluminum Roofing
Terne Metal Roofing
Aluminum Shakes
Zinc-Aluminum Coated Steel Roofing
Cutting Metal Panels
Ridge Vents for Asphalt Roofing
Wood Gutters
Metal and Plastic Gutters
Estimating Materials
Safety
Windows and Exterior Doors	317	(34)
Manufacture
Double-Hung Windows
Horizontal Sliding Windows
Casement Windows
Awning Windows
Hopper Windows
Multiple-Use Windows
Jalousies
Fixed Windows
Window Heights
Window Glass
Energy Efficient Windows
Double- and Triple-Sealed Windows
Low-Emissivity Glazing
Argon-Filled Insulating Glass
Screens
Muntins
Parts of Windows
Windows in Plans and Elevations
Window Sizes
Detailed Drawings
Jamb Extensions
Story Pole
Installing Windows
Glass Blocks
Installing Glass Blocks
Replacing Windows
Skylights
Exterior Door Frames
Installing Door Frames
Sliding Glass Doors
Garage Doors
Installing a Garage Door
Installing Bow and Box Bay Windows
Exterior Wall Finish	351	(42)
Cornice Design
Parts of Cornice and Rake Sections
Cornice and Rake Construction
Prefabricated Cornice Materials
Metal Soffit Materials
Hanging Metal Soffit
Wall Finish
Horizontal Wood Siding
Wall Sheathing and Flashing
Estimating Siding
Vertical Siding
Wood Shingles
Shingle and Shake Panels
Re-Siding with Wood Shingles
Plywood Siding
Hardboard Siding
Siding Systems
Aluminum Siding
Vinyl Siding
Stucco
Exterior Insulation Finish System (EIFS)
Brick and Stone Veneer
Blinds and Shutters
Section 4 Finishing
Thermal and Sound Insulation	393	(36)
Building Sequence
How Heat is Transmitted
Conduction
Convection
Radiation
Thermal Insulation
Heat Loss Coefficient
Types of Insulation
Reflective Insulation
Where to Insulate
Basementless Structures
Insulating Existing Foundations
Condensation
Ventilation
Safety with Insulation
Installing Batts and Blankets
Installing Rigid Insulation
Insulating Basement Walls
Insulating Existing Structures
Stopping Air Infiltration
Estimating Materials
Acoustics and Sound Control
Acoustical Terms
Sound Intensity
Transmission
Wall Construction
Floors and Ceilings
Noise Reduction within a Space
How Acoustical Materials Work
Suspended Ceilings
Acoustical Plaster
Installation of Materials
Maintenance
Interior Wall and Ceiling Finish	429	(34)
Drywall Construction
Single Layer Construction
Measuring and Cutting
Nails and Screws
Adhesive Fastening
Joint and Fastener Concealment
Steel Frame Applications
Double Layer Construction
Backing Board
Moisture-Resistant Wallboard
Veneer Plaster
Predecorated Wallboard
Wallboard on Masonry Walls
Installing Plywood
Hardboard
Plastic Laminates
Solid Lumber Paneling
Installing Solid Paneling at an Angle
Plaster
Plaster Base
Installing Lath
Metal Lath
Reinforcing
Plaster Grounds
Plaster Base on Masonry Walls
Plastering Materials and Methods
Ceiling Tile
Installing Furring
Installing Tile
Metal Track System
Suspended Ceiling
Estimating Materials
Determining Area of Rooms
Sheet Materials
Estimating Solid Paneling
Estimating Gypsum Lath
Finish Flooring	463	(20)
Wood Flooring
Types of Wood Flooring
Sizes and Grades
Subfloors
Installing Wood Strip Flooring
Nailing
Laying Around Projections
Multiroom Layout
Estimating Strip Flooring
Wood Flooring over Concrete
Wood Block (Parquet) Flooring
Prefinished Wood Flooring
Underlayment
Cementious Underlayment
Hardboard and Particleboard
Plywood
Resilient Floor Tile
Installing Resilient Tile
Spreading Adhesive
Laying Tile
Installing Resilient Tile over Concrete
Self-Adhering Tile
Sheet Vinyl Flooring
Ceramic Floor Tile
Installing Ceramic Tile
Stair Construction	483	(18)
Types of Stairs
Parts and Terms
Stairwell Framing
Stair Design
Stair Calculations
Stairway Length
Stringer Layout
Treads and Risers
Winder Stairs
Open Stairs
Using Stock Stair Parts
Spiral Stairways
Disappearing Stair Units
Doors and Interior Trim	501	(26)
Molding
Interior Door Frames
Installing Door Frames
Door Casing
Using Plinth Blocks
Panel Doors
Flush Doors
Sizes and Grades
Installing Doors
Installing Hinges
Doorstops
Door Locks
Deadbolts
Lock Installation
Thresholds and Door Bottoms
Prehung Door Unit
Sliding Doors (Pocket Type)
Folding and Bifolding Doors
Multipanel Folding Doors
Window Trim
Baseboard and Base Shoe
Cabinetmaking	527	(30)
Drawings for Cabinetwork
Standard Sizes
Types of Construction
Factory-Built Cabinets
Cabinet Materials
Cabinet Installation
Cabinets for Other Rooms
Building Cabinets
Master Layout
Basic Framing
Facing
Drawer Guides
Drawers
Drawer Construction
Doors
Installing Flush Doors
Cutting and Fitting Lip Doors
Sliding Doors
Counters and Tops
Working Laminates
Adhering Laminates
Cabinet Hardware
Other Built-In Units
Sequence of Interior Finish
Painting, Finishing, and Decorating	557	(24)
Safety
Painting and Finishing Tools
Brushes
Rollers, Pans, and Pads
Mechanical Spraying Equipment
Ladders and Scaffolds
Sanders
Painting, Finishing, and Decorating Materials
Paints, Varnishes, and Stains
Color Selection
Preparing Surfaces for Coating
Interior Painting
Exterior Painting
Roller and Pad Application
Working with Stains and Clear Finishes
Estimating Coatings
Problems with Coatings
Hanging Wall Coverings
Calculating Wall Covering
Preparing to Hang Wall Covering
Preparing the Wall Covering
Booking the Strips
Hanging Wall Covering around Openings
Section 5 Special Construction
Chimneys and Fireplaces	581	(14)
Masonry Chimneys
Flue Linings
Construction
Masonry Fireplaces
Design Details
Hearth
Side and Back Walls
Damper and Throat
Smoke Shelf and Chamber
Flue Size
Construction Sequence
Special Designs
Built-In Circulars
Prefabricated Chimneys
Prefabricated Fireplaces
Chimneys for Prefabricated Fireplaces
Glass Enclosures
Post-and-Beam Construction	595	(16)
Advantages
Foundations and Posts
Floor Beams
Beam Descriptions
Roof Beams
Fasteners
Partitions
Planks
Stressed Skin Panels
Box Beams
Laminated Beams and Arches
Prefabricating Post-and-Beam Structures
Systems-Built Housing	611	(16)
Components
Transporting Systems-Built Homes
Types of Factory-Built Homes
The Modular House
Panelized Homes
Log Homes
On-Site Erection
Assembling a Panelized Home
Manufactured Homes
Passive Solar Construction	627	(16)
How Radiation and Heat Act
Conduction
Convection
Types of Passive Solar Energy
Direct Gain System
Indirect Gain System
Water Storage Well
Isolated Gain System
Passive Solar Advantages
Passive Solar Disadvantages
Solar Heat Control
Overhangs
Movable Insulation
Venting
Orientation
Energy Balance
Building Passive Solar Structures
Sizing Thermal Storage Systems
Wall Thickness
Sizing Direct Gain Storage
Effect of Color on Collecting Surface
Wall Construction
Special Concerns
Designing the Isolated Grid System
Passive Thermosiphon System
Insulating Passive Solar Buildings
Remodeling, Renovating, and Repairing	643	(26)
What Comes First?
Sequence of Exterior Renovation
Interior Renovation
Design of Old Structures
Replacing Rotted Sills
Hidden Structural Details
Removing Old Walls
Recognizing Bearing Walls
Providing Shoring
Framing Openings in a Bearing Wall
Supporting Headers
Sizing Headers
Computing the Load
Concealed Headers and Saddle Beams
Small Remodeling Jobs
Replacing or Repairing Interior Doors
Installing New Windows
Repairing Wood Shingles
Repairing Asphalt Shingles
Building Additions onto Homes
Solar Retrofitting
Basic Solar Designs
Thermosiphon
Responsible Renovation
Safety: Fall Protection
Section 6 Mechanical Systems
Electrical Wiring	669	(14)
Tools, Equipment, and Materials
Materials
Basic Electrical Wiring Theory
Installing the Service
Reading Blueprints
Running Branch Circuits
Device Wiring
Electrical Troubleshooting
Testing Receptacles
Testing Switches
Testing Fixtures
Plumbing Systems	683	(18)
Two Separate Systems
Tools
Materials
Fixtures
Printreading
Installing Plumbing
Connecting Pipe
Bending and Unrolling Copper Tubing
Other Considerations
Wells and Pumps
Unclogging Drains
Safety
Heating, Ventilation, and Air Conditioning	701	(18)
Conservation Measures
HVAC Systems
Forced Air Systems
Installing and Maintaining Forced Air Systems
Warm Air Perimeter Systems
Hydronic Perimeter Heating System
Hydronic Radiant Heat
Air Cooling Systems
Ducts
Controls
Air Exchangers
Heat Pumps
Direct Heating Systems
Safety
Section 7 Scaffolds and Careers
Scaffolds and Ladders	719	(10)
Types of Scaffolding
Manufactured Scaffolding
Mobile Scaffolding
Site-Constructed Wood Scaffolding
Brackets, Jacks, and Trestles
Safety Rules for Scaffolding
Ladders
Safety Rules for Ladders
Carpentry---A Career Path	729	(10)
Economic Outlook for Construction
Employment Outlook
Job Opportunities
Training
Apprenticeship
Apprenticeship Stages
Personal Qualifications
Entrepreneurship
Characteristics of Entrepreneurs
Teaching as a Construction Career
Organizations Promoting Construction Training
Appendix A Carpentry Math Review	739	(6)
Appendix B Technical Information	745	(28)
Glossary	773	(10)
Index	783