Nemesis Divina

by Linne, Carl Von; Petry, Michael John

• ISBN13: 9780792368205
• ISBN10: 0792368207
• Format: Hardcover
• Copyright: 2001-06-01
• Publisher: Kluwer Academic Pub

Summary

Linnaeus' mature theodicy, his attempt to reconcile the suffering and evil of the world with the omnipotence and goodness of God, is presented in a condensed form in the final editions of his Systema Naturae (1758/68). In this comprehensive compendium of our knowledge of the three great realms of organic nature, he outlines the significance of the sub-conscious, social awareness and theological orientation in the spiritual life of man, and indicates how fate, fortune, and Providence interrelate within his conception of the Deity. In the Nemesis Divina this general undertaking is developed into an 'experimental theology', which is exactly analogous to Linnaeus' work in the natural sciences, in that it involves the collecting and classifying of concrete and carefully described case-studies. He never prepared the manuscript for publication, however, and for many years it was regarded as lost, and it is only very recently that any attempt has been made to publish it in its entirety. This is the first English translation of all the relevant manuscript material. It is also the first attempt to analyse the case-studies in the light of what we know of Linnaeus' general taxonomic principles, and to relate each of them to its historical context.

Table of Contents

PART ONE: INTRODUCTION	1	(80)
Introduction	3	(2)
The Text	5	(20)
Manuscripts	5	(6)
The London manuscript	5	(1)
The Uppsala manuscript	6	(3)
Ownership	9	(2)
Editions	11	(7)
Fries, Barr, Hagberg	12	(1)
Reception	13	(2)
Malmestrom and Fredbarj	15	(3)
This Edition	18	(7)
Errors	18	(2)
Biblical quotations	20	(1)
Lay-out	21	(4)
Theodicy	25	(9)
Divine Economy	25	(4)
Lowenhielm	27	(1)
Object and subject	28	(1)
Leibniz	29	(2)
Metaphysical evil	29	(1)
Physical evil	30	(1)
Moral evil	31	(1)
Numen	31	(3)
Divine justice	31	(1)
Authority	32	(2)
The Background	34	(47)
Sweden and Denmark	34	(11)
Politics	34	(4)
The Church	38	(1)
The Law	39	(3)
The Kolding Society	42	(3)
England and Holland	45	(8)
Baconianism	45	(3)
Bayle's Dictionary	48	(1)
Natural Theology	49	(2)
Medicine	51	(2)
Stenbrohult and Vaxjo	53	(28)
The Wisdom of the Ancients	53	(6)
The Garden	59	(2)
Fate and Fortune	61	(9)
Providence	70	(11)
PART TWO: NEMESIS DIVINA	81	(154)
Title page	83	(2)
Introductory	85	(3)
My only son	86	(1)
Ecclesiastes 9: 2: There is one event	87	(1)
I have often wondered	87	(1)
There is nothing so sublime	87	(1)
Thou mighty Ruler	87	(1)
Man	88	(28)
What is life?	89	(10)
It is an axiom	90	(1)
Dwell on what is your own	90	(1)
Rutting	90	(1)
Where the free child of the air	91	(1)
What is life?	91	(1)
I conceive of man	91	(1)
Voigtlander	91	(1)
Friesendorff	92	(1)
Vanity	92	(1)
Rudbeck	92	(1)
Netherwood	93	(1)
Death	93	(2)
Passing on	95	(2)
Seneca. Be assured	97	(1)
Wisdom of Solomon 2: 2: The breath	97	(1)
Yxkull	98	(1)
The self within me	99	(3)
What is the God	100	(1)
Madam N.N.	100	(1)
Lewenhaupt	100	(1)
Ostermann	101	(1)
Hamilton	101	(1)
Going out into the dark	102	(6)
Haunting	103	(1)
Haunting is mentioned	103	(1)
According to Holy Scripture	103	(1)
Maja Hierpe	103	(1)
Caesar's soothsayer	103	(1)
On the day when my mother died	104	(1)
But why do hauntings take place	104	(1)
Shades	104	(1)
My room	104	(1)
The evening before	104	(1)
In 1728 I was lodging	105	(1)
At twelve o'clock at night	105	(1)
Professor Dahlman's daughter	105	(1)
Spellbinding	105	(1)
It is the custom	105	(1)
An executioner, incognito	106	(1)
At Uppsala	106	(1)
An executioner in Trondheim	106	(1)
The chancellor of Denmark	106	(1)
A German	107	(1)
A country lad	107	(1)
You too are here	108	(8)
Fortune-telling	109	(1)
A woman	109	(1)
My brother Samuel	109	(1)
In Gavle	109	(1)
The astrologer in Rome	109	(1)
An astrologer told Domitian	110	(1)
Boatman	110	(1)
Tiliander	110	(1)
Portent	110	(1)
It is generally said	110	(1)
Laodamia	111	(1)
Lofling	111	(1)
Colonel Freidenfelt	111	(1)
A student, Peldan	111	(1)
On the very day	111	(1)
Princess Elizabeth's revolution	112	(1)
Antonius Saturninus	112	(1)
Dean Risell	112	(1)
Everyone is supposed	113	(1)
How is it	113	(1)
It is an axiom	113	(1)
Caesar	113	(1)
General Carl Cronstedt	114	(1)
Some country people	114	(2)
Man and Society	116	(58)
The sapping of affection	117	(13)
Joseph	118	(1)
Myhrman	118	(1)
Onanists	119	(1)
Brahe	119	(1)
Schmidt	120	(1)
Backman	120	(1)
Incest	121	(1)
Lagerbladh	121	(1)
The vow of chastity	122	(1)
Christina Juliana Thun	122	(1)
Welin	123	(1)
The gardening man	123	(1)
Adultery	123	(1)
Sjoblad	124	(1)
Dornberg	125	(1)
Meldercreutz	125	(1)
Hokerstedt	125	(1)
Bergqvist	126	(1)
Controller	126	(1)
Canutius	127	(1)
Wertmuller	127	(1)
Nietzel	127	(1)
Urlander	128	(1)
Psilanderhielm	128	(1)
Jan Jansson	128	(1)
A Bralanda farmer	129	(1)
Thy children should seek to thee	130	(11)
O thrice and four times blest	131	(1)
Ribbing	131	(1)
Solander	132	(1)
Lindberg	132	(1)
Saganas	133	(1)
Karl Jansson	133	(1)
Wife	133	(2)
Ihre	135	(1)
Von der Lieth	135	(1)
Wallerius	136	(1)
An Uppland farmhand	136	(1)
Parents	137	(1)
A Parisienne	137	(1)
Sannaboke	138	(1)
Leijel	138	(1)
Retribution	138	(1)
Krabbe	139	(1)
Appelbom	140	(1)
Wrangel	140	(1)
Morga	140	(1)
The right common to all	141	(18)
Seneca. Customary submission	142	(1)
To the unfortunate	142	(1)
Though all can be swept	142	(1)
The mineworker	142	(1)
A Scanian farmhand	142	(1)
Strutz	143	(1)
Per Adlerfelt	143	(1)
Planting	143	(1)
Wallrave	143	(1)
Tavaste-bo	144	(1)
Cronhielm	144	(1)
Tordenskjold	145	(1)
Greed	145	(1)
Broberg	145	(1)
Kyronius	146	(1)
Hauswolff	147	(1)
Odhelius	148	(1)
Schleicher	148	(1)
Envy	148	(1)
Breant	148	(1)
Westrin	149	(1)
Krabbe	149	(1)
Ingratitude	149	(1)
Cicero	150	(1)
Hallman	150	(1)
Engberg	151	(1)
Malice	151	(1)
Mrs. Dahlman	152	(1)
The farmhand at Jonkoping	152	(1)
Erik Grubbe	153	(1)
Dahlberg	154	(1)
King Christian II	154	(1)
Friendship	154	(1)
There is the tale	155	(1)
Sedlin	155	(1)
Uggla	156	(1)
A Swedish captian	156	(1)
Diligence	156	(1)
Maja Hierpe	157	(1)
Grizell	157	(1)
Law	158	(1)
The more ardent the moralist	158	(1)
Distributing wealth	159	(15)
Fortune stands accused	160	(1)
Plutus, accused before Jupiter	160	(1)
The coronations of kings	160	(1)
Poverty	160	(1)
The voice of Abel's blood	161	(1)
Sohlberg	161	(1)
Funck	161	(1)
Do not regard	161	(1)
Riches	161	(2)
Anders Joranson	163	(1)
Hakansson	163	(1)
Broman	163	(1)
Charles XI	164	(1)
Meldercreutz	164	(1)
Julinschold	164	(2)
Hultman	166	(1)
A Danish sheriff	166	(1)
Norrelius	166	(1)
Brauner	167	(1)
Gyllenkrok	167	(1)
Nordenflycht	168	(1)
Rafelt	169	(1)
Cederhielm	169	(1)
Wallerius	170	(1)
Stade	170	(2)
Blackwell	172	(1)
Only the good fortune	173	(1)
Man and God	174	(61)
The Nations	175	(19)
Job 12: 23: He enlargeth	176	(1)
It is to this that discord	176	(1)
A traveller	176	(1)
Stobee	176	(2)
Parliament	178	(1)
Herkepaeus	178	(1)
Skeckta	178	(1)
Springer	179	(1)
Brahe	179	(1)
Rogberg	180	(1)
Renhorn	180	(1)
Pechlin	181	(1)
Gylling	181	(1)
Antonsson	181	(1)
General Rudbeck	181	(1)
Slagheck	182	(1)
Joran Persson	182	(1)
Griffenfeldt	182	(1)
Gortz	183	(1)
Munnich	183	(1)
Ekeblad	183	(1)
Horn	184	(1)
Marlborough	184	(1)
Byng	184	(1)
Buddenbrock	185	(1)
Klingspor	185	(1)
The coronations of kings	185	(1)
Judges 1: 6, 7: Judah defeated	185	(1)
Judges 9: 52--57: Abimelech	186	(1)
Emperors	186	(1)
Caesar	187	(1)
The emperor justinian	188	(1)
Birger	188	(1)
King Gustavus	189	(1)
Daniel 5: 1: King Belshazzar	189	(1)
Adolf Frederick, king of Sweden	189	(1)
Ziegler	190	(1)
The Stuarts	190	(1)
Louis XIV, the great	190	(1)
Peter I, emperor of the Russians	191	(1)
Elizabeth	191	(1)
Russians	192	(1)
The king of Prussia	193	(1)
The Churches	194	(11)
Catholicism	195	(1)
In Lisbon	196	(1)
Damiens	197	(1)
Lord lieutenant Lillienberg	197	(1)
The authorized copper mines	197	(1)
Controller	197	(1)
Melander	198	(1)
Mathesius	198	(1)
Ullen	199	(1)
Annerstedt	199	(1)
Florinus	200	(1)
Malung and Kvikkjokk	201	(1)
Muræus	201	(1)
Boethius	202	(1)
Kihlmark	202	(1)
Fahlander	203	(1)
Serenius	203	(1)
Benzelia	204	(1)
Live Irreproachably	205	(11)
Live irreproachably	206	(1)
Though you honour the age	206	(1)
Naturalism	207	(1)
Pride	207	(2)
Beware of sins writ large	209	(1)
When fortune is granted	209	(1)
Job 15: 8: Hast thou heard	209	(1)
Klingspor	210	(1)
Kierman	210	(2)
Buskagrius	212	(1)
Sinclair	212	(1)
To be king is not to fear	212	(1)
Gladness	213	(1)
When I contemplated revenge	213	(1)
Genesis 50: 19: Fear not	214	(1)
O for the grace	214	(2)
The Judgement of God	216	(19)
O mighty Ruler	217	(1)
Ecclesiastes 9: 2: There is one event	217	(1)
Fate	217	(1)
It is often a long time	217	(1)
I have often wondered	218	(1)
Boatman	219	(1)
A Norwegian	219	(1)
Fortune	220	(1)
A rabbinical story	221	(1)
Asp	221	(1)
Nemesis Divina	222	(1)
Psalms 119: 137: Righteous art thou	222	(1)
Nemesis	223	(1)
Gallus	224	(1)
Joseph	224	(1)
Virgil	225	(1)
Be bold and valiant	225	(1)
Blessing	226	(1)
Raise me aloft	226	(1)
I've built my house	226	(1)
Genesis 50: 19: Fear not	226	(1)
Thanks be to Thee	226	(1)
The Correlation of the Text	227	(8)
PART THREE: NOTES AND APPENDICES	235	(204)
Notes	237	(194)
Appendix A: The Manuscripts	431	(3)
Appendix B: The Currency	434	(1)
Appendix C: The Note on Man	435	(3)
Appendix D: Of God	438	(1)
Bibliography	439	(24)
Index To The Text	463	(16)
Index To The Introduction And Notes	479