Neural and Fuzzy Logic Control of Drives and Power Systems

by Cirstea; Dinu; McCormick; Khor

• ISBN13: 9780750655583
• ISBN10: 0750655585
• eBook ISBN(s): 9780080497365, 9780750655583
• Format: Paperback
• Copyright: 2002-09-24
• Publisher: Elsevier Science
• More Book Details
• Purchase Benefits

Summary

The authors guide readers quickly and concisely through the complex topics of neural networks, fuzzy logic, mathematical modelling of electrical machines, power systems control and VHDL design. Unlike the academic monographs that have previously been published on each of these subjects, this book combines them and is based round case studies of systems analysis, control strategies, design, simulation and implementation. The result is a guide to applied control systems design that will appeal equally to students and professional design engineers. The book can also be used as a unique VHDL design aid, based on real-world power engineering applications. *Introduces cutting-edge control systems to a wide readership of engineers and students *The first book on neuro-fuzzy control systems to take a practical, applications-based approach, backed up with worked examples and case studies *Learn to use VHDL in real-world applications

Table of Contents

Preface	xi
Control systems	1	(9)
Control theory: historical review	1	(1)
Introduction to control systems	2	(3)
Classification	2	(2)
Characteristics of control systems	4	(1)
Control systems for a.c. drives	5	(5)
The objects of control systems in a.c. drives	5	(1)
Basic principle of microcomputer control	6	(4)
Modern control systems design using CAD techniques	10	(8)
Electronic design automation (EDA)	10	(2)
Application specific integrated circuit (ASIC) basics	12	(2)
Field programmable gate arrays (FPGAs)	14	(2)
ASICs for power systems and drives	16	(2)
Electric motors and power systems	18	(38)
Electric motors	18	(1)
Power systems	19	(3)
Pulse width modulation	22	(4)
The space vector in electrical systems	26	(2)
Induction motor control	28	(23)
Space vector model of three-phase induction motor	28	(6)
Induction motor control strategies	34	(3)
Scalar control	37	(4)
Vector control	41	(1)
Rotor flux orientation	42	(4)
Stator and airgap flux orientation	46	(1)
Direct torque control	47	(1)
Sensorless vector control schemes	47	(4)
Synchronous generators control	51	(5)
Elements of neural control	56	(21)
Neurone types	56	(3)
Artificial neural networks architectures	59	(2)
Training algorithms	61	(8)
The error back-propagation algorithm	62	(3)
Algorithms derived from the back-propagation method	65	(1)
Training algorithms for neurones with step activation functions	66	(1)
The Voronoi diagram algorithm	67	(2)
Control applications of ANNs	69	(2)
Neural network implementation	71	(6)
Analogue hardware implementation	71	(2)
Digital hardware implementation	73	(1)
Hybrid implementation techniques	74	(1)
Software versus hardware implementations	75	(2)
Neural FPGA implementation	77	(36)
Neural networks design and implementation strategy	77	(18)
General implementation principles	77	(2)
Model digitisation	79	(5)
Digital model implementation using logic gates	84	(11)
Universal programs -- FFANN hardware implementation	95	(3)
Hardware implementation complexity analysis	98	(15)
Results previously reported in the literature	99	(4)
The analysis of the new implementation method	103	(10)
Fuzzy logic fundamentals	113	(10)
Historical review	113	(1)
Fuzzy sets and fuzzy logic	114	(2)
Types of membership functions	116	(1)
Linguistic variables	117	(1)
Fuzzy logic operators	117	(1)
Fuzzy control systems	118	(3)
Fuzzifier	119	(1)
Knowledge base	119	(1)
Rule base	119	(1)
Defuzzifier	120	(1)
Fuzzy logic in power and control applications	121	(2)
VHDL fundamentals	123	(36)
Introduction	123	(3)
Top-down design methodology	123	(2)
Terminology	125	(1)
Behavioural and structural design	125	(1)
VHDL design units	126	(5)
Entity	127	(1)
Architecture	128	(1)
Configuration	129	(2)
Package	131	(1)
Package body	131	(1)
Libraries, visibility and state system in VHDL	131	(4)
Libraries	131	(1)
Visibility	132	(1)
State system	133	(1)
VHDL simulation	134	(1)
Sequential statements	135	(6)
Wait	136	(1)
If-then-else	137	(1)
Case	138	(1)
Loop	139	(1)
Assert	140	(1)
Concurrent statements	141	(5)
Process	141	(1)
Signal assignment	142	(2)
Component instantiation	144	(1)
Generate	144	(1)
Assert	145	(1)
Functions and procedures	146	(5)
Functions	146	(1)
Function body	146	(2)
Procedures	148	(2)
Procedure body	150	(1)
Advanced features in VHDL	151	(3)
Attributes	151	(1)
Overloading	152	(1)
Passive processes	153	(1)
Textio	153	(1)
Summary	154	(5)
CASE STUDIES
Neural current and speed control of induction motors	159	(78)
The induction motor equivalent circuit	159	(2)
The current control algorithm	161	(22)
The switching strategy	161	(6)
The adopted neural architecture	167	(4)
The automated design process	171	(1)
The on-line inductance estimation	172	(3)
Conditions for accurate current control	175	(1)
Current control implementation methods	176	(2)
Current control simulation	178	(5)
The new sensorless motor control strategy	183	(16)
Speed estimation algorithms	185	(3)
The novel speed control algorithm	188	(11)
The complete control scheme	199	(1)
Induction motor controller VHDL design	199	(28)
The reference speed calculator and sine wave generator (Tier 0)	201	(11)
The multiplication and algebraic calculation (Tier 1)	212	(7)
The PWM generation and on-line inductance estimation (Tier 2)	219	(5)
The implementation of the speed control strategy (Tier 3)	224	(2)
The complete motor controller simulations	226	(1)
FPGA controller experimental results	227	(10)
The drive system	227	(4)
Current and voltage control tests	231	(2)
Speed control tests	233	(4)
Fuzzy logic control of a synchronous generator set	237	(57)
System representation	237	(11)
Rectifier circuit	237	(2)
Synchronous generator	239	(2)
Equivalent circuit model	241	(1)
The generator--rectifier model	242	(3)
The diesel engine	245	(3)
VHDL modelling	248	(22)
PWM inverter design and analysis	250	(1)
Fuzzy synchronous generator control	251	(5)
Rule base design	256	(3)
VHDL description	259	(5)
Simulations	264	(6)
FPGA implementation	270	(15)
The divider	271	(1)
Analysis of binary integer division	272	(1)
Binary integer division algorithm	273	(2)
Design optimisation	275	(9)
Implementation	284	(1)
System assembly and experimental tests	285	(9)
The fuzzy logic controller (FLC)	286	(1)
The PWM controller	287	(3)
Experimental results	290	(2)
Conclusions	292	(1)
Final notes	293	(1)
References	294	(11)
Appendices	305	(92)
Appendix A -- C++ code for ANN implementation	305	(28)
CONV_NET.CPP	305	(9)
OPTIM.CPP	314	(8)
VHDL_TR.CPP	322	(7)
MEMMANAG.H	329	(2)
MATRIX.H	331	(2)
Appendix B -- C++ programs for PWM generation	333	(8)
ANGLES.CPP	333	(1)
REGIONS.CPP	334	(4)
CTRL.CPP	338	(3)
Appendix C -- Subnetworks VHDL models	341	(14)
The angle subnetwork	341	(9)
The position subnetwork	350	(5)
Appendix D -- VHDL model of the sine wave ROM	355	(2)
SIN_ROM.CPP	355	(2)
Appendix E -- VHDL code for simulation	357	(17)
Plant models for simulation	357	(1)
Generator and rectifier model	357	(2)
Diesel engine model	359	(1)
Fuzzy logic controller	360	(1)
Input interface	360	(1)
Fuzzifier	361	(1)
Rule base and inference engine	362	(4)
Defuzzifier and output interface	366	(1)
Top hierarchy of FLC	367	(3)
Test-benches and simulations	370	(1)
Delay	370	(1)
Simulator	370	(3)
Test-bench for `Sim'	373	(1)
Appendix F -- VHDL code for synthesis	374	(15)
Fuzzy logic controller	374	(1)
Input interface	374	(2)
Fuzzifier	376	(3)
Inference engine	379	(1)
Defuzzifier	380	(2)
Divider	382	(3)
Top hierarchy component of FLC	385	(4)
Appendix G -- PWM controllers	389	(8)
C++ program for PWM waveform generation	389	(4)
PIC assembly code to control SA828	393	(4)
Index	397