Nutrition and Diagnosis-Related Care

by Escott-Stump, Sylvia

• ISBN13: 9780781737609
• ISBN10: 0781737605
• Edition: 5th
• Format: Paperback
• Copyright: 2002-10-10
• Publisher: LWW

Summary

The latest edition of this rapid-access resource for busy nutritionists and dieticians continues its tradition as a concise, yet comprehensive reference for nutrition-based care of diseases. It includes proven care plans flexible enough for any setting - from hospitals and ambulatory centers, to private practices and home care. Updated to include a full appendix on the use of herbs, botanicals and dietary supplements, it is also the ideal supplementary text to labs and for clinical rotations.

Table of Contents

Contents	xix
Preface	vii
List of Tables	xiii
List of Figures	xvii
SECTION 1 NORMAL LIFE-CYCLE CONDITIONS	1	(50)
Pregnancy and Lactation	4	(8)
Pregnancy	4	(4)
Lactation	8	(4)
Infancy, Childhood, and Adolescence	12	(14)
Infant, Normal (0--6 months)	12	(4)
Infant, Normal (6--12 months)	16	(3)
Childhood	19	(4)
Adolescence	23	(3)
Physical Fitness and Stages of Adulthood	26	(25)
Sports Nutrition	26	(3)
Adulthood	29	(6)
Geriatric Nutrition	35	(16)
SECTION 2 DIETARY PRACTICES AND MISCELLANEOUS CONDITIONS	51	(40)
Cultural Patterns and Practices	53	(8)
Cultural Food Patterns and Integrative Medicine	53	(3)
Vegetarianism	56	(3)
Jewish or Kosher Dietary Practices	59	(1)
Muslim Dietary Practices	60	(1)
Orofacial Conditions	61	(8)
Dental Difficulties and Oral Disorders	61	(3)
Self-Feeding Problems	64	(2)
Periodontal Disease	66	(2)
Temporomandibular Joint Dysfunction	68	(1)
Skin Conditions	69	(5)
Skin Disorders	69	(3)
Pressure Ulcer	72	(2)
Vitamin Deficiencies, Allergies, and Food-Borne Illnesses	74	(17)
Vitamin Deficiencies (Vitamin A, Beriberi, Scurvy, Riboflavin, Pellagra)	74	(2)
Food Allergy	76	(4)
Migraine Headache and Vascular Responses	80	(2)
Meniere's Syndrome	82	(1)
Food-Borne Illness	83	(8)
SECTION 3 SPECIAL PEDIATRIC CONDITIONS	91	(50)
Adrenoleukodystrophy	95	(2)
Biliary Atresia	97	(2)
Bronchopulmonary Dysplasia	99	(2)
Cerebral Palsy	101	(2)
Cleft Palate	103	(1)
Congenital Heart Disease	104	(1)
Cystinosis and Fanconi's Syndrome	105	(2)
Down's Syndrome (Mongolism)	107	(1)
Failure to Thrive (Growth Deficiency)	108	(2)
Fetal Alcohol Syndrome	110	(1)
Hirschsprung's Disease (Megacolon)	111	(1)
Homocystinuria	112	(1)
Inborn Errors of Carbohydrate Metabolism	113	(2)
Large-for-Gestational-Age Infant	115	(1)
Low Birth Weight or Prematurity	116	(3)
Maple Syrup Urine Disease	119	(1)
Myelomeningocele	120	(2)
Necrotizing Enterocolitis	122	(2)
Obesity in Childhood	124	(2)
Phenylketonuria	126	(2)
Prader-Willi Syndrome	128	(1)
Rickets of Nutritional Origin	129	(2)
Spina Bifida and Neural Tube Defects	131	(2)
Tyrosinemia	133	(1)
Urea Cycle Disorders	134	(2)
Wilson's Disease (Hepatolenticular Degeneration)	136	(5)
SECTION 4 NEUROLOGICAL, MENTAL HEALTH, AND PSYCHIATRIC CONDITIONS	141	(42)
Overview of Neurological and Psychiatric Disorders	142	(2)
Neurological Disorders	144	(22)
Alzheimer's Disease and Dementias	144	(3)
Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis	147	(2)
Cerebral Aneurysm	149	(1)
Coma	150	(1)
Epilepsy/Seizure Disorders	151	(2)
Guillain-Barre Syndrome	153	(1)
Huntington's Disease	154	(1)
Multiple Sclerosis	155	(2)
Myasthenia Gravis	157	(1)
Neurological Trauma (Spinal Cord Injury)	158	(2)
Parkinson's Disease	160	(2)
Tardive Dyskinesia	162	(1)
Traumatic Brain Injury	163	(2)
Trigeminal Neuralgia	165	(1)
Psychiatric Disorders	166	(17)
Anorexia Nervosa	166	(2)
Binge-Eating Disorder	168	(2)
Bulimia Nervosa	170	(2)
Depression	172	(2)
Psychosis	174	(2)
Substance Abuse and Withdrawal	176	(7)
SECTION 5 PULMONARY DISORDERS	183	(34)
Pulmonary Nutrition Notes	184	(33)
Asthma	186	(3)
Bronchiectasis	189	(1)
Bronchitis (Acute)	190	(1)
Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Diseases (Emphysema, Chronic Bronchitis)	191	(3)
Chylothorax	194	(1)
Cor Pulmonale	195	(1)
Cystic Fibrosis	196	(3)
Pneumonia	199	(2)
Pulmonary Embolism	201	(1)
Respiratory Distress Syndrome	202	(2)
Respiratory Failure and Ventilator Weaning	204	(2)
Sarcoidosis	206	(2)
Thoracic Empyema	208	(1)
Transplantation, Lung	209	(2)
Tuberculosis	211	(6)
SECTION 6 CARDIOVASCULAR DISORDERS	217	(54)
Overview: Diet in Heart Diseases--Lipids	218	(3)
Overview: Diet in Heart Disease--Sodium	221	(50)
Angina Pectoris	223	(2)
Arteritis	225	(2)
Atherosclerosis, Coronary Artery Disease, and Ischemic Heart Disease	227	(4)
Cardiac Cachexia	231	(2)
Cardiomyopathies	233	(2)
Cardiac Tamponade	235	(1)
Cerebrovascular Accident (Stroke)	236	(3)
Congestive Heart Failure	239	(3)
Heart Valve diseases	242	(2)
Hyperlipidemia: Hypercholesterolemia, Hypertriglyceridemia, Hyperlipoproteinemias	244	(5)
Hypertension	249	(3)
Myocardial Infarction (Acute)	252	(2)
Pericarditis	254	(1)
Peripheral Vascular Disease	255	(2)
Thrombophlebitis	257	(2)
Transplantation (Cardiac)	259	(2)
Transplantation (Heart-Lung)	261	(10)
SECTION 7 GASTROINTESTINAL DISORDERS	271	(66)
Upper GI: Esophagus	276	(1)
Dysphagia	276	(7)
Esophageal Stricture, Esophageal Spasm, or Achalasia	278	(1)
Esophageal Trauma	279	(1)
Esophageal Varices	280	(1)
Heartburn, Hiatal Hernia, Esophagitis, and Gastroesophageal Reflux Disease	281	(2)
Stomach	283	(10)
Dyspepsia/Indigestion	283	(1)
Gastric Retention	284	(1)
Gastritis or Gastroenteritis	285	(2)
Hypertrophic Gastritis (Menetrier's Disease)	287	(1)
Pernicious Vomiting	288	(1)
Peptic Ulcer	289	(2)
Gastrectomy and/or Vagotomy	291	(2)
Lower GI: Intestinal Disorders	293	(39)
Diarrhea or Acute Enteritis	293	(3)
Dysentery or Traveler's Diarrhea	296	(2)
Fat Malabsorption Syndrome	298	(2)
Celiac Disease (Celiac Sprue, Gluten-Induced Enteropathy, Nontropical Sprue)	300	(3)
Tropical Sprue	303	(1)
Lactose Malabsorption (Lactase Deficiency)	304	(2)
Constipation	306	(2)
Acquired Megacolon	308	(1)
Irritable Bowel Syndrome	309	(2)
Diverticular Diseases	311	(2)
Peritonitis	313	(1)
Carcinoid Syndrome	314	(1)
Crohn's Disease (Regional Enteritis)	315	(3)
Ulcerative Colitis	318	(2)
Intestinal Fistula	320	(1)
Ileostomy	321	(2)
Colostomy	323	(2)
Short Bowel Syndrome	325	(3)
Intestinal Lymphangiectasia	328	(1)
Intestinal Lipodystrophy (Whipple's Disease)	329	(1)
Intestinal Transplantation	330	(2)
Rectal Disorders	332	(5)
Hemorrhoids and Hemorrhoidectomy	332	(5)
SECTION 8 HEPATIC, PANCREATIC, AND BILIARY DISORDERS	337	(36)
Liver Facts	338	(1)
Liver Disorders	339	(19)
Alcoholic Liver Disease	339	(3)
Ascites	342	(2)
Jaundice	344	(1)
Hepatitis	345	(3)
Hepatic Cirrhosis	348	(3)
Portacaval-Splenorenal Shunt for Portal Hypertension	351	(1)
Hepatic Encephalopathy, Failure, or Coma	352	(3)
Liver Transplantation	355	(3)
Pancreatic Disorders	358	(8)
Pancreatitis, Acute	358	(2)
Pancreatitis, Chronic	360	(2)
Pancreatic Insufficiency	362	(1)
Pancreatic Transplantation	363	(2)
Zollinger-Ellison Syndrome	365	(1)
Biliary Disorders	366	(7)
Gallbladder Disease	366	(2)
Biliary Cirrhosis	368	(1)
Cholestatic Liver Disease (Cholestasis)	369	(4)
SECTION 9 ENDOCRINE DISORDERS	373	(58)
Overview of Diabetes Mellitus	374	(5)
Diabetes Mellitus, Complications, and Related Conditions	379	(32)
Type 1 Diabetes Mellitus	379	(7)
Islet Cell Transplantation	386	(2)
Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus	388	(6)
Gestational Diabetes	394	(3)
Diabetic Gastroparesis	397	(2)
Diabetic Ketoacidosis or Diabetic Coma	399	(2)
Nonketotic Hyperosmolar Syndrome	401	(1)
Hypoglycemia	402	(2)
Spontaneous Hypoglycemia and Hyperinsulinism	404	(2)
Insulin Resistance Syndrome (Metabolic Syndrome)	406	(2)
Polycystic Ovarian Syndrome	408	(1)
Pregnancy-Induced Hypertension	409	(2)
Other Endocrine Disorders	411	(20)
Adrenocortical Insufficiency and Addison's Disease	411	(2)
Cushing's Syndrome	413	(1)
Acromegaly	414	(1)
Hyperaldosteronism	415	(1)
Hypopituitarism	416	(1)
Pheochromocytoma	417	(1)
Hyperthyroidism	418	(2)
Hypothyroidism	420	(2)
Diabetes Insipidus	422	(2)
Syndrome of Inappropriate Antidiuretic Hormone	424	(1)
Parathyroid Disorders and Altered Calcium Metabolism	425	(6)
SECTION 10 WEIGHT MANAGEMENT AND MALNUTRITION	431	(26)
Types of Malnutrition	432	(4)
Overweight	436	(10)
Obesity	436	(10)
Underweight and Protein-Calorie Malnutrition	446	(11)
Underwieght and/or General Debility	446	(2)
Protein-Calorie Malnutrition (Kwashiorkor, Marasmus, Mixed, PCM)	448	(3)
Refeeding Syndrome	451	(6)
SECTION 11 MUSCULOSKELETAL, ARTHRITIC, AND COLLAGEN DISORDERS	457	(34)
Overview	458	(33)
Ankylosing Spondylitis (Spinal Arthritis)	459	(2)
Extended Immobilization	461	(1)
Fibromyalgia	462	(1)
Gout	463	(2)
Muscular Dystrophy	465	(2)
Osteoarthritis and Degenerative Joint Disease	467	(2)
Osteomyelitis, Acute	469	(1)
Osteomalacia	470	(2)
Osteoporosis	472	(4)
Paget's Disease (Osteitis Deformans)	476	(2)
Polyarteritis Nodosa	478	(1)
Rheumatoid Arthritis	479	(3)
Rupture of Intervertebral Disk	482	(1)
Scleroderma	483	(2)
Systemic Lupus Erythematosus	485	(6)
SECTION 12 HEMATOLOGY: ANEMIAS AND BLOOD DISORDERS	491	(28)
General Information about Anemias	492	(2)
Anemias	494	(15)
Aplastic Anemia	494	(1)
Copper Deficiency Anemia	495	(1)
Folic Acid Deficiency Anemia	496	(2)
Hemolytic Anemia from Vitamin E Deficiency	498	(1)
Iron Deficiency Anemia	499	(3)
Pernicious and B12 Deficiency Anemia	502	(2)
Protein Deficiency Anemia	504	(1)
Parasitic Infestation Anemia	505	(1)
Sickle Cell Anemia	506	(2)
Sideroblastic/Siderotic Anemia	508	(1)
Other Blood Disorders	509	(10)
Hemochromatosis (Iron Overloading)	509	(2)
Hemorrhage, Acute or Chronic	511	(1)
Polycythemia Vera (Osler's Disease)	512	(2)
Thalassemia (Cooley's Anemia)	514	(1)
Thrombocytopenic Purpura	515	(4)
SECTION 13 CANCER	519	(56)
General Information about Cancer, Cancer Prevention, and Risk Reduction	521	(4)
Cancer, General	525	(7)
Cancer, General Guide	525	(7)
Leukemias	532	(5)
Acute Leukemia	532	(2)
Chronic Leukemia	534	(1)
Bone Marrow Transplantation	535	(2)
Lymphomas and Tumors	537	(38)
Brain Tumor	537	(2)
Breast Cancer	539	(3)
Choriocarcinoma	542	(1)
Colorectal Cancer (Intestinal Carcinomas)	543	(3)
Esophageal Cancer	546	(2)
Gastric Carcinoma	548	(2)
Head and Neck Cancers	550	(2)
Hepatic Carcinoma	552	(2)
Lung Cancer (Bronchial Carcinoma)	554	(2)
Hodgkin's Disease	556	(1)
Lymphomas, Non-Hodgkins	557	(2)
Melanoma and Skin Cancers	559	(2)
Myeloma, Multiple	561	(1)
Osteosarcoma	562	(1)
Pancreatic Carcinoma	563	(2)
Prostate Cancer	565	(2)
Radiation Colitis and Enteritis	567	(2)
Urinary Tract Cancers: Renal, Bladder, and Wilms' Tumor (Embryoma of the Kidney)	569	(6)
SECTION 14 SURGICAL DISORDERS	575	(36)
General Surgery Guidelines	577	(13)
General Surgery	577	(4)
Hyponatremia	581	(1)
Hypernatremia	582	(1)
Hypokalemia	583	(1)
Hyperkalemia	584	(1)
Hypocalcemia	585	(1)
Hypercalcemia	586	(1)
Hypomagnesemia	587	(1)
Hypermagnesemia	588	(1)
Phosphate Imbalances	589	(1)
Specific Surgical Procedures	590	(21)
Amputation	590	(2)
Appendectomy	592	(1)
Bowel Surgery	593	(2)
Gastric Restrictive Surgery: Bypass, Stapling, or Gastroplasty	595	(2)
Cesarean Delivery (C-Section)	597	(1)
Craniotomy	598	(1)
Hysterectomy, Abdominal	599	(1)
Pelvic Exenteration	600	(1)
Open Heart Surgery (Coronary Artery Bypass or Valve Replacement)	601	(2)
Pancreatic Surgery	603	(1)
Parathyroidectomy	604	(1)
Spinal Surgery	605	(1)
Total Hip Arthroplasty	606	(1)
Tonsillectomy and Adenoidectomy	607	(4)
SECTION 15 HYPERMETABOLIC, INFECTIOUS, TRAUMATIC, AND FEBRILE CONDITIONS	611	(42)
General Information about Nutrition and Immunocompetence	612	(41)
AIDS and HIV Infection	615	(3)
Ascariasis	618	(1)
Bacterial Endocarditis	619	(1)
Burns (Thermal Injury)	620	(3)
Candidiasis	623	(1)
Chronic Fatigue Immune Dysfunction Syndrome	624	(1)
Encephalitis and Reye's Disease	625	(1)
Fever	626	(1)
Fracture, Hip	627	(2)
Fracture, Long-Bone	629	(1)
Herpes Simplex I and II	630	(1)
Herpes Zoster (Shingles)	631	(1)
Infection	632	(2)
Infectious Mononucleosis	634	(1)
Influenza (Flu, Respiratory)	635	(1)
Meningitis	636	(1)
Multiple Organ Dysfunction Syndrome	637	(2)
Pelvic Inflammatory Disease	639	(1)
Poliomyelitis	640	(1)
Rheumatic Fever and Rheumatic Heart Disease	641	(1)
Sepsis, Septicemia	642	(2)
Toxic Shock Syndrome	644	(1)
Trauma	645	(2)
Trichinosis	647	(1)
Typhoid Fever	648	(5)
SECTION 16 RENAL DISORDERS	653	(36)
Overview of Renal Nutrition	654	(35)
Inborn Errors of Renal Metabolism: Vitamin D-Resistant Rickets, Hartnup Disease	656	(1)
Polycystic Kidney Disease	657	(2)
Glomerulonephritis, Acute	659	(2)
Glomerulonephritis, Chronic	661	(2)
Nephritis	663	(1)
Nephrosclerosis	664	(1)
Nephrotic Syndrome	665	(2)
Pyelonephritis and Urinary Tract Infections	667	(2)
Urolithiasis/Nephrolithiasis (Kidney Stones)	669	(2)
Acute Renal Failure	671	(3)
Chronic and End-Stage Renal Failure	674	(3)
Hemodialysis	677	(4)
Peritoneal Dialysis	681	(2)
Renal Transplantation	683	(6)
SECTION 17 ENTERAL AND PARENTERAL NUTRITION	689	(26)
Comments about Enteral and Parenteral Nutrition	690	(25)
Enteral Nutrition	691	(14)
Parenteral Nutrition	705	(10)
APPENDIX A NUTRITIONAL REVIEW	715	(28)
Carbohydrates and Fiber	715	(1)
Fats, Lipids, and Fatty Acid Review	715	(1)
Other Fatty Acid Issues and Substances	716	(1)
Proteins and Amino Acids	717	(2)
Minerals	719	(8)
Macrominerals	719	(4)
Trace Minerals	723	(2)
Ultra-Trace Minerals	725	(2)
Less Studied Ultra-Trace Minerals	727	(1)
Vitamins	727	(6)
Fat-Soluble Vitamins	727	(2)
Water-Soluble Vitamins	729	(4)
Recommended Dietary Allowances and Dietary Reference Intakes	733	(10)
APPENDIX B DIETETIC PROCESS, FORMS, AND COUNSELLING TIPS	743	(38)
Introduction	743	(1)
The Dietetic Process and Role of the Registered Dietitian on the Health Team	744	(37)
Nutritional Risk Screening	744	(2)
Assessment	746	(4)
Plan	750	(1)
Implementation	750	(1)
Evaluation	751	(16)
Reassessment	767	(1)
Discharge Planning	767	(6)
Rationale for Diagnostic-Related Group Tables	773	(8)
APPENDIX C MULTIPLE-CONDITION CASE STUDIES	781	(26)
APPENDIX D NUTRITIONAL ACUITY RANKING FOR DIETITIAN SERVICES	807	(6)
APPENDIX E COMPLEMENTARY NUTRITION-HERBALS AND BOTANICALS	813