Oxford Textbook of Critical Care

by Webb, Andrew; Angus, Derek; Finfer, Simon; Gattinoni, Luciano; Singer, Mervyn

• ISBN13: 9780199600830
• ISBN10: 019960083X
• Edition: 2nd
• Format: Hardcover
• Copyright: 2016-07-25
• Publisher: Oxford University Press

Summary

The thoroughly revised second edition of the Oxford Textbook of Critical Care is a comprehensive multi-disciplinary text covering all aspects of adult intensive care management. Uniquely the book takes a problem-orientated approach providing a reference source for clinical issues experienced every day in the intensive care unit.

The text is organized into short topics allowing readers to rapidly access authoritative information on specific clinical problems. Each topic refers to basic physiological principles and provides up-to-date treatment advice supported by references to the most vital literature. Where international differences exist in clinical practice, authors cover alternative views. Key messages summarise each topic in order to aid quick review and decision making.

Edited and written by an international group of recognized experts from many disciplines, the second edition of the Oxford Textbook of Critical Care provides an up-to-date reference that is relevant for intensive care units and emergency departments globally. This volume is the definitive text for all health care providers, including physicians, nurses, respiratory therapists, and other allied health professionals who take care of critically ill patients.

This print edition of The Oxford Textbook of Critical Care comes with a year's access to the online version on Oxford Medicine Online. By activating your unique access code, you can read and annotate the full text online, follow links from the references to primary research materials, and view, enlarge and download all the figures and tables.

Author Biography

Andrew Webb, Clinical Professor, Division of Critical Care, The University of British Columbia Faculty of Medicine,Derek Angus, Professor of Critical Care Medicine, Medicine, Health Policy & Management and Clinical & Translational Science,, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine and Graduate School of Public Health,Simon Finfer, Professor of Critical Care, University of Sydney,Luciano Gattinoni, Professor in Anesthesiology and Intensive Care Medicine, University of Milan,Mervyn Singer, Professor of Intensive Care Medicine, University College London

Dr. Webb is a Clinical Professor in the Department of Medicine at UBC and VP Medicine for the Fraser Health Authority where he provides executive leadership and strategic oversight to the quality and safety of clinical care, including Infection Control, Risk Management and Legal Services. He also provides physician leadership, and oversees the development of research and education. In addition to his appointment as Special Advisor to the Dean, Faculty of Medicine, UBC, he holds a similar appointment at Simon Fraser University.
As a Consultant Physician in Critical Care Medicine he was instrumental in building academic critical care as a medical administrator, clinical researcher, educator and consultant physician helping to develop one of the strongest Critical Care research groups in the world. He is author of 75 papers and reviews, seven textbooks, 22 book chapters and eight monographs.


Dr. Angus is Distinguished Professor and Chair of the Department of Critical Care Medicine at the University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine and UPMC Health System. He holds secondary appointments in Medicine, Health Policy and Management, and Clinical and Translational Science. He completed his medical school and residency training at the University of Glasgow and fellowship training at the University of Pittsburgh. Dr. Angus' research, funded principally by the NIH, focuses on clinical, epidemiologic and translational studies of sepsis, pneumonia, and multisystem organ failure and on health services research of the organization and delivery of critical care services. He has published several hundred papers, is section editor for "Caring for the Critically Ill" for JAMA, and the recipient of numerous awards.


Dr Finfer is a practicing critical care physician with an appointment as a Senior Staff Specialist at Royal North Shore Hospital and Director of Intensive Care at the Sydney Adventist Hospital. He is an Adjunct Professor at the University of Sydney Medical School, a past-Chair of the Australian and New Zealand Intensive Care Society (ANZICS) Clinical Trials Group.
He is a council member of the International Sepsis Forum, the Global Sepsis Alliance, and a member of the World Sepsis Day Steering Committee. Dr Finfer is a Professorial Fellow in the Critical Care and Trauma Division at The George Institute for global Health. He is active in forging major international research collaborations that have conducted large scale clinical trials. Simon is also an Editor of the Critical Care Section Editor for The Oxford Textbook of Medicine (6th Ed.), and was a Critical Care guest editor for The New England Journal of Medicine from 2011 to 2014.


Professor Luciano Gattiononi is Professor in Anesthesiology and Intensive Care Medicine, University of Milan as well as Chief of the Department of Anesthesia, Resuscitation and Pain Therapy, Policlinico Hospital of Milan. His research is focused on the pathophisiology and treatment of acute respiratory failure, including prone positioning, sepsis and acid base disorders. He has published more than 200 research articles and reviews in peer reviewed journal. In the early 1980's he worked on the quantitative analysis of thoracic CT imaging, culminating in the "baby lung" (1980s) and lung recrutability (2000s) concepts. He was awarded with the Life Time Achievement Award by the American Society of Anesthesiology and is Honorary Member of the German Society of Anesthesiology and Intensive Care, and Fellow of the Royal College of Physicians.


Mervyn Singer is Professor of Intensive Care Medicine at University College London. His primary research interests are sepsis and multi-organ failure, infection, shock and haemodynamic monitoring. He developed an oesophageal Doppler haemodynamic monitor that is now in widespread use worldwide, the use of which has been shown in multiple studies to improve outcomes after major surgery and reduce length of stay. He has led on a number of important multi-centre trials in critical care. He has authored various papers and textbooks including the Oxford Handbook of Critical Care, now in its 3rd Edition, and is a Council member of the International Sepsis Forum. He was the first UK intensivist to be awarded Senior Investigator status by the National Institute for Health Research, and to be invited to give plenary lectures at the European and US Intensive Care Congress

Table of Contents

Part 1: ICU Organisation and Management: The Intensive Care Unit
1. Design of the ICU
2. Staffing models in the ICU
3. Rapid response teams for the critically ill
4. In-hospital transfer of the critically ill
5. Pre- and inter-hospital transfer of the critically ill
6. Regional critical care delivery systems
7. Integration of information technology in the ICU
8. Multiple casualties and disaster response in critical care
9. Management of pandemic critical illness
Part 1: ICU Organisation and Management: Communication
10. Effective teamwork in the ICU
11. Communication with patients and families in the ICU
12. Telemedicine in critical care
Part 1: ICU Organisation and Management: Training
13. Clinical skills in critical care
14. Simulation training for critical care
15. Leadership skills in the ICU
Part 1: ICU Organisation and Management: Safety and Quality
16. Patient safety in the ICU
17. Policies, bundles and protocols in critical care
18. Managing biohazards and environmental safety
19. Managing ICU staff welfare, morale and burnout
Part 1: ICU Organisation and Management: Governance
20. ICU admission and discharge criteria
21. Resource management and budgeting in critical care
22. Costs and cost-effectiveness in critical care
Part 1: ICU Organisation and Management: Research
23. Evidence-based practice in critical care
24. Research ethics in the ICU
Part 1: ICU Organisation and Management: Medico-legal and ethical issues
25. Informed Consent in the ICU
26. Patient rights in the ICU
27. Medico-legal liability in critical care
Part 1: ICU Organisation and Management: Critical Illness Risk Prediction
28. The role and limitations of scoring systems
29. Severity of illness scoring systems
30. Organ failure scoring
31. Genetic and molecular expression patterns in critical illness
Part 2: Pharmacotherapeutics: Respiratory drugs
32. Oxygen in critical illness
33. Bronchodilators in critical illness
Part 2: Pharmacotherapeutics: Cardiovascular drugs
34. Vasopressors in critical illness
35. Vasodilators in critical illness
36. Inotropic agents in critical illness
37. Anti-anginal agents in critical illness
38. Antiarrhythmics in critical illness
39. Pulmonary vasodilators in critical illness
Part 2: Pharmacotherapeutics: Gastrointestinal drugs
40. GI motility drugs in critical illness
41. Stress ulcer prophylaxis and treatment drugs in critical illness
Part 2: Pharmacotherapeutics: Nervous system drugs
42. Sedatives and anti-anxiety agents in critical illness
43. Analgesics in critical illness
44. Antidepressants in critical illness
45. Antiseizure agents in critical illness
46. Inhalational anesthetic agents in critical illness
47. Muscle relaxants in critical illness
48. Neuroprotective agents in critical illness
Part 2: Pharmacotherapeutics: Hormonal drugs
49. Hormone therapies in critical illness
50. Insulin and oral anti-hyperglycemic agents in critical illness
Part 2: Pharmacotherapeutics: Hematological drugs
51. Anticoagulants and antithrombotics in critical illness
52. Hemostatic agents in critical illness
Part 2: Pharmacotherapeutics: Antimicrobial and immunological drugs
53. Antimicrobial drugs in critical illness
54. Steroids in critical illness
55. Immunotherapy in critical illness
Part 2: Pharmacotherapeutics: Fluids and diuretics
56. Colloids in critical illness
57. Crystalloids in critical illness
58. Diuretics in critical illness
Part 3: Resuscitation: Respiratory management
59. Airway management in cardiopulmonary resuscitation
60. Artificial ventilation in cardiopulmonary resuscitation
Part 3: Resuscitation: Circulatory management
61. Pathophysiology and causes of cardiac arrest
62. Cardiac massage and blood flow management during cardiac arrest
63. Defibrillation and pacing during cardiac arrest
64. Therapeutic strategies in managing cardiac arrest
65. Post-cardiac arrest arrhythmias
66. Management after resuscitation from cardiac arrest
67. Ethical and end-of-life issues after cardiac arrest
Part 3: Resuscitation: Fluid management
68. Physiology of body fluids
69. Choice of resuscitation fluid
70. Therapeutic goals of fluid resuscitation
Part 4: The Respiratory System: Physiology
71. Normal physiology of the respiratory system
Part 4: The Respiratory System: Respiratory monitoring
72. Blood gas analysis in the critically ill
73. Pulse oximetry and capnography in the ICU
74. Respiratory system compliance and resistance in the critically ill
75. Gas exchange principles in the critically ill
76. Gas exchange assessment in the critically ill
77. Respiratory muscle function in the critically ill
78. Imaging the respiratory system in the critically ill
Part 4: The Respiratory System: Upper airway obstruction
79. Airway obstruction in the critically ill
Part 4: The Respiratory System: Airway access
80. Standard intubation in the ICU
81. The difficult intubation in the ICU
82. The surgical airway in the ICU
Part 4: The Respiratory System: Acute respiratory failure
83. Dyspnoea in the critically ill
84. Pulmonary mechanical dysfunction in the critically ill
85. Hypoxemia in the critically ill
86. Hypercapnia in the critically ill
87. Cardiovascular interactions in respiratory failure
Part 4: The Respiratory System: Ventilatory support
88. Physiology of positive-pressure ventilation
89. Respiratory support with continuous positive airways pressure
90. Non-invasive positive-pressure ventilation
91. Indications for mechanical ventilation
92. Design and function of mechanical ventilators
93. Setting rate, volume and time in ventilatory support
94. Respiratory support with positive end-expiratory pressure
95. Volume-controlled mechanical ventilation
96. Pressure-controlled mechanical ventilation
97. Pressure support ventilation
98. High-frequency ventilation and oscillation
99. Prone positioning in the ICU
100. Failure to ventilate in critical illness
101. Ventilator trauma in the critically ill
Part 4: The Respiratory System: Weaning ventilatory support
102. Assessment and technique of weaning
103. Weaning failure in critical illness
Part 4: The Respiratory System: Extracorporeal support
104. Extracorporeal respiratory and cardiac support techniques in the ICU
105. Treating respiratory failure with extracorporeal support in the ICU
Part 4: The Respiratory System: Aspiration and inhalation
106. Aspiration of gastric contents in the critically ill
107. Inhalation injury in the ICU
Part 4: The Respiratory System: Acute respiratory distress syndrome
108. Pathophysiology of acute respiratory distress syndrome
109. Therapeutic strategy in acute respiratory distress syndrome
Part 4: The Respiratory System: Airflow limitation
110. Pathophysiology and causes of airflow limitation
111. Therapeutic approach to bronchospasm and asthma
112. Therapeutic strategy in acute on chronic airflow limitation
Part 4: The Respiratory System: Respiratory acidosis and alkalosis
113. Pathophysiology and therapeutic strategy of respiratory acidosis
114. Pathophysiology and therapeutic strategy of respiratory alkalosis
Part 4: The Respiratory System: Pneumonia
115. Pathophysiology of pneumonia
116. Diagnosis and management of community-acquired pneumonia
117. Diagnosis and management of nosocomial pneumonia
118. Diagnosis and management of atypical pneumonia
Part 4: The Respiratory System: Atelectasis and sputum retention
119. Pathophysiology and prevention of sputum retention
120. Lung recruitment techniques in the ICU
121. Chest physiotherapy and tracheobronchial suction in the ICU
122. Toilet bronchoscopy in the ICU
Part 4: The Respiratory System: Pleural cavity problems
123. Pathophysiology of pleural cavity disorders
124. Management of pneumothorax and bronchial fistulae
125. Management of pleural effusion and hemothorax
Part 4: The Respiratory System: Hemoptysis
126. Pathophysiology and causes
127. Therapeutic approach
Part 5 The Cardiovascular System: Physiology
128. Normal physiology of the cardiovascular system
Part 5 The Cardiovascular System: Cardiovascular monitoring
129. ECG monitoring in the ICU
130. Arterial and venous cannulation in the ICU
131. Blood pressure monitoring in the ICU
132. Central venous pressure monitoring in the ICU
133. Pulmonary artery catheterization in the ICU
134. Mixed and central venous oxygen saturation monitoring in the ICU
135. Right ventricular function in the ICU
136. Cardiac output assessment in the ICU
137. Oxygen transport in the critically ill
138. Tissue perfusion monitoring in the ICU
139. Lactate monitoring in the ICU
140. Measurement of extravascular lung water in the ICU
141. Doppler echocardiography in the ICU
142. Monitoring the microcirculation in the ICU
143. Imaging the cardiovascular system in the ICU
Part 5 The Cardiovascular System: Acute chest pain and coronary syndromes
144. Causes and diagnosis of chest pain
145. Pathophysiology of coronary syndromes
146. Diagnosis and management of non-STEMI coronary syndromes
147. Diagnosis and management of ST-elevation myocardial infarction
Part 5 The Cardiovascular System: Aortic dissection
148. Pathophysiology, diagnosis & management of aortic dissection
Part 5 The Cardiovascular System: The hypotensive patient
149. Pathophysiology of shock
150. Diagnosis and management of shock in the ICU
Part 5 The Cardiovascular System: Cardiac failure
151. Pathophysiology and causes of cardiac failure
152. Therapeutic strategy in cardiac failure
153. Intra-aortic balloon counterpulsation in the ICU
154. Ventricular assist devices in the ICU
Part 5 The Cardiovascular System: Tachyarrhythmias
155. Causes and diagnosis of tachyarrythmias
156. Therapeutic strategy in tachyarrhythmias
Part 5 The Cardiovascular System: Bradyarrhythmias
157. Causes, diagnosis and therapeutic strategy in bradyarrhythmias
Part 5 The Cardiovascular System: Valvular problems
158. Causes and diagnosis of valvular problems
159. Therapeutic strategy in valvular problems
Part 5 The Cardiovascular System: Endocarditis
160. Pathophysiology and causes of endocarditis
161. Prevention and treatment of endocarditis
Part 5 The Cardiovascular System: Severe hypertension
162. Pathophysiology and causes of severe hypertension
163. Management of severe hypertension in the ICU
Part 5 The Cardiovascular System: Severe capillary leak
164. Pathophysiology of severe capillary leak
165. Management of acute non-cardiogenic pulmonary edema
Part 5 The Cardiovascular System: Pericardial tamponade
166. Pathophysiology and causes of pericardial tamponade
167. Management of pericardial tamponade
Part 5 The Cardiovascular System: Pulmonary hypertension
168. Pathophysiology and causes of pulmonary hypertension
169. Diagnosis of management of pulmonary hypertension
Part 5 The Cardiovascular System: Pulmonary embolus
170. Pathophysiology and causes of pulmonary embolus
171. Diagnosis and Management of pulmonary embolus
Part 6 The Gastrointestinal System: Physiology
172. Normal physiology of the gastrointestinal system
173. Normal physiology of the hepatic system
Part 6 The Gastrointestinal System: Gastrointestinal monitoring
174. Imaging the abdomen in the critically ill
175. Hepatic function in the critically ill
Part 6 The Gastrointestinal System: Gastrointestinal hemorrhage
176. Pathophysiology and causes of upper gastrointestinal hemorrhage
177. Diagnosis and management of upper gastrointestinal hemorrhage in the critically ill
178. Diagnosis and management of variceal bleeding in the critically ill
179. Pathophysiology and causes of lower gastrointestinal hemorrhage
180. Diagnosis and management of lower gastrointestinal hemorrhage in the critically ill
Part 6 The Gastrointestinal System:Disordered gastric motility
181. Vomiting and large nasogastric aspirates in the critically ill
182. Ileus and obstruction in the critically ill
183. Diarrhoea and constipation in the critically ill
Part 6 The Gastrointestinal System: The acute abdomen in the ICU
184. Pathophysiology & management of raised intra-abdominal pressure in the critically ill
185. Perforated viscus in the critically ill
186. Ischemic bowel in the critically ill
187. Intra-abdominal sepsis in the critically ill
188. Acute acalculous cholecystitis in the critically ill
189. Management of the open abdomen and abdominal fistulae in the critically ill
Part 6 The Gastrointestinal System: Pancreatitis
190. Pathophysiology, diagnosis and assessment of acute pancreatitis
191. Management of acute pancreatitis in the critically ill
Part 6 The Gastrointestinal System: Jaundice
192. Pathophysiology and causes of jaundice in the critically ill
193. Management of jaundice in the critically ill
Part 6 The Gastrointestinal System: Acute hepatic failure
194. Pathophysiology and causes of acute hepatic failure
195. Diagnosis and assessment of acute hepatic failure in the critically ill
196. Management of acute hepatic failure in the critically ill
197. The effect of acute hepatic failure on drug handling in the critically ill
198. Extracorporeal liver support devices in the ICU
Part 6 The Gastrointestinal System: Acute on chronic hepatic failure
199. Pathophysiology, diagnosis, assessment of acute on chronic hepatic failure
200. Management of acute on chronic hepatic failure in the critically ill
Part 7 Nutrition: Physiology
201. Normal physiology of nutrition
202. The metabolic and nutritional response to critical illness
Part 7 Nutrition: Nutritional failure
203. Pathophysiology of nutritional failure in the critically ill
204. Assessing nutritional status in the ICU
205. Indirect calorimetry in the ICU
206. Enteral nutrition in the ICU
207. Parenteral nutrition in the ICU
Part 8 The Renal System: Physiology
208. Normal physiology of the renal system
Part 8 The Renal System: Renal monitoring and risk prediction
209. Monitoring renal function in the critically ill
210. Imaging the urinary tract in the critically ill
Part 8 The Renal System: Oliguria and acute kidney injury
211. Pathophysiology of oliguria and acute kidney injury
212. Diagnosis of oliguria and acute kidney injury
213. Management of oliguria and acute kidney injury in the critically ill
Part 8 The Renal System: Renal replacement techniques
214. Continuous hemofiltration techniques in the critically ill
215. Hemodialysis in the critically ill
216. Peritoneal Dialysis in the critically ill
Part 8 The Renal System: Established renal failure
217. The effect of renal failure on drug handling in critical illness
218. The effect of chronic renal failure on critical illness
Part 9 The Neurological System : Anatomy and physiology
219. Normal anatomy and physiology of the brain
220. Normal anatomy and physiology of the spinal cord and peripheral nerves
Part 9 The Neurological System: Neurological monitoring
221. Electroencephalogram monitoring in the critically ill
222. Cerebral flow and perfusion monitoring in the critically ill
223. Intracranial pressure monitoring in the ICU
224. Imaging the central nervous system in the critically ill
Part 9 The Neurological System:Sleep disturbance
225. Pathophysiology and therapeutic strategy for sleep disturbance in the ICU
Part 9 The Neurological System: Agitation, confusion and delirium
226. Causes and epidemiology of agitation, confusion and delirium in the ICU
227. Assessment and therapeutic strategy for agitation, confusion and delirium in the ICU
Part 9 The Neurological System:The unconscious patient
228. Causes and diagnosis of unconsciousness
229. Management of unconsciousness in the ICU
230. Non-pharmacological neuroprotection in the ICU
Part 9 The Neurological System: Seizures
231. Pathophysiology and causes of seizures
232. Assessment and management of seizures in the critically ill
Part 9 The Neurological System: Intracranial hypertension
233. Causes and management of intracranial hypertension
Part 9 The Neurological System: Stroke
234. Epidemiology of stroke
235. Diagnosis and assessment of stroke
236. Management of ischemic stroke
237. Management of parenchymal hemorrhage
Part 9 The Neurological System: Non-traumatic Subarachnoid hemorrhage
238. Epidemiology, diagnosis and assessment on non-traumatic subarachnoid hemorrhage
239. Management of non-traumatic subarachnoidhemorrhage in the critically ill
Part 9 The Neurological System:Meningitis and encephalitis
240. Epidemiology, diagnosis and assessment of meningitis and encephalitis
241. Management of meningitis and encephalitis in the critically ill
Part 9 The Neurological System: Non-traumatic spinal injury
242. Pathophysiology, causes and management of non-traumatic spinal injury
Part 9 The Neurological System: Neuromuscular syndromes
243. Epidemiology, diagnosis and assessment of neuromuscular syndromes
244. Diagnosis, assessment and management of myasthenia gravis and paramyasthenic syndromes
245. Diagnosis, assessment and management of tetanus, rabies and botulism
246. Diagnosis, assessment and management of Guillain-Barre syndrome
247. Diagnosis, assessment and management of hyperthermic crises
248. Diagnosis, assessment and management of ICU acquired weakness
Part 10: The Metabolic and Endocrine Systems: Physiology
249. Normal physiology of the endocrine system
Part 10: The Metabolic and Endocrine Systems: Electrolyte disturbance
250. Disorders of sodium in the critically ill
251. Disorders of potassium in the critically ill
252. Disorders of magnesium in the critically ill
253. Disorders of calcium in the critically ill
254. Disorders of phosphate in the critically ill
Part 10: The Metabolic and Endocrine Systems: Metabolic acidosis and alkalosis
255. Pathophysiology and causes of metabolic acidosis in the critically ill
256. Management of metabolic acidosis in the critically ill
257. Pathophysiology, causes and management of metabolic alkalosis in the critically ill
Part 10: The Metabolic and Endocrine Systems: Blood glucose control
258. Pathophysiology of glucose control
259. Glycemic control in critical illness
260. Management of diabetic emergencies in the critically ill
Part 10: The Metabolic and Endocrine Systems: Endocrine disorders
261. Pathophysiology and management of adrenal disorders in the critically ill
262. Pathophysiology and management of pituitary disorders in the critically ill
263. Pathophysiology and management of thyroid disorders in the critically ill
264. Pathophysiology and management of functional endocrine tumours in the critically ill
Part 11: The Hematological System: Laboratory monitoring
265. The blood cells and blood count
266. Coagulation monitoring
Part 11: The Hematological System: Hematological therapies
267. Blood product therapy in the ICU
268. Apheresis in the ICU
Part 11: The Hematological System: Disordered coagulation
269. Pathophysiology of disordered coagulation
270. Disseminated intravascular coagulation in the critically ill
271. Prevention and management of thrombosis in the critically ill
272. Thrombocytopenia in the critically ill
Part 11: The Hematological System: Disorders of the blood cells
273. Pathophysiology and management of anemia in the critically ill
274. Pathophysiology and management of neutropenia in the critically ill
275. Sickle crisis in the critically ill
Part 12: The Skin and Connective Tissue: Skin and Connective tissue disorders
276. Assessment and management of dermatological problems in the critically ill
277. Vasculitis in the critically ill
278. Rheumatoid arthritis in the critically ill
Part 12: The Skin and Connective Tissue: Wound and pressure sore management
279. Principles and prevention of pressure sores in the ICU
280. Dressing techniques for wounds in the critically ill
Part 13: Infection: Diagnosis and Surveillance
281. Microbiological surveillance in the critically ill
282. Novel biomarkers of infection in the critically ill
Part 13: Infection: Nosocomial infection
283. Definition, epidemiology and general management of nosocomial infection
284. Healthcare worker screening for nosocomial pathogens
285. Environmental decontamination and isolation strategies in the ICU
286. Antimicrobial selection policies in the ICU
287. Oral, nasopharyngeal and gut decontamination in the ICU
289. Diagnosis, prevention and treatment of device-related infection in the ICU
290. Antibiotic resistance in the ICU
Part 13: Infection: Infection in the immunocompromised
291. Drug-induced depression of immunity in the critically ill
292. HIV in the critically ill
Part 13: Infection: Tropical diseases
293. Diagnosis and management of malaria in the ICU
294. Diagnosis and management of viral hemorrhagic fevers in the ICU
295. Other tropical diseases in the ICU
Part 13: Infection: Sepsis
296. Assessment of sepsis in the critically ill
297. Management of sepsis in the critically ill
298. Pathophysiology of septic shock
299. Management of septic shock in the critically ill
Part 14: Inflammation: Physiology
300. Innate immunity and the inflammatory cascade
Part 14: Inflammation: Organ-specific biomarkers
301. Brain injury biomarkers in the critically ill
302. Cardiac injury biomarkers in the critically ill
303. Renal injury biomarkers in the critically ill
Part 14: Inflammation: Host response
304. The host response to infection in the critically ill
305. The host response to trauma and burns in the critically ill
306. The host response to hypoxia in the critically ill
307. Host-pathogen interactions in the critically ill
308. Coagulation and the endothelium in acute injury in the critically ill
309. Ischemia-reperfusion injury in the critically ill
310. Repair and recovery mechanisms following critical illness
311. Neural and endocrine function in the immune response to critical illness
312. Adaptive immunity in critical illness
313. Immunomodulation strategies in the critically ill
314. Immunoparesis in the critically ill
Part 14: Inflammation: Anaphylaxis
315. Pathophysiology and management of anaphylaxis in the critically ill
Part 15: Poisoning: Principles of management
316. Role of toxicology assessment in poisoning
317. Decontamination and enhanced elimination of poisons
Part 15: Poisoning: Management of specific poisons
318. Management of salicylate poisoning
319. Management of acetaminophen (paracetamol) poisoning
320. Management of opioid poisoning
321. Management of benzodiazepine poisoning
322. Management of tricyclic antidepressant poisoning
323. Management of amphetamine and ecstasy poisoning
324. Management of digoxin poisoning
325. Management of cocaine poisoning
326. Management of beta-blocker and calcium channel blocker poisoning
327. Management of cyanide poisoning
328. Management of alcohol poisoning
329. Management of carbon monoxide poisoning
330. Management of corrosive poisoning
331. Management of pesticide and agricultural chemical poisoning
332. Management of radiation poisoning
Part 16: Trauma: Multiple trauma
333. A systematic approach to the injured patient
334. Pathophysiology and management of thoracic injury
335. Pathophysiology and management of abdominal injury
336. Management of vascular injuries
337. Management of limb and pelvic injuries
338. Assessment and management of fat embolism
339. Assessment and management of combat trauma
Part 16: Trauma: Ballistic trauma
340. Pathophysiology of ballistic trauma
341. Assessment and management of ballistic trauma
Part 16: Trauma :Traumatic brain injury
342. Epidemiology and Pathophysiology of traumatic brain injury
343. Assessment of traumatic brain injury
344. Management of traumatic brain injury
Part 16: Trauma: Spinal cord injury
345. Assessment and immediate management of spinal cord injury
346. Ongoing management of the tetraplegic patient in the ICU
Part 16: Trauma: Burns
347. Pathophysiology and assessment of burns
348. Management of burns in the ICU
Part 17: Physical Disorders: Drowning
349. Pathophysiology and management of drowning
350. Part 17: Physical Disorders: Electrocution
351. Pathophysiology and management of electrocution
Part 17: Physical Disorders: Altitude- and depth-related disorders
352. Pathophysiology and management of altitude related disorders
353. Pathophysiology and management of depth related disorders
354. Pathophysiology and management of hypothermia
Part 17: Physical Disorders: Rhabdomyolysis
355. Pathophysiology and management of rhabdomyolysis
Part 18: Pain and Sedation: Pain
356. Pathophysiology and assessment of pain
357. Pain management in the critically ill
Part 18: Pain and Sedation: Sedation
358. Sedation assessment in the critically ill
359. Management of sedation in the critically ill
Part 19: General surgical and obstetric intensive Care: Optimisation strategies for the high-risk surgical patient
360. Identification of the high-risk surgical patient
361. Peri-operative optimisation of the high risk surgical patient
Part 19: General surgical and obstetric intensive Care: General post-operative intensive care
362. Post-operative ventilatory dysfunction management in the ICU
363. Post-operative fluid and circulatory management in the ICU
364. Surgical enhanced recovery programs in the ICU
Part 19: General surgical and obstetric intensive Care: Obstetric intensive care
365. Obstetric physiology and special considerations in ICU
366. Pathophysiology and management of pre-eclampsia, eclampsia and HELLP syndrome
367. Pathophysiology and management of critical illness in pregnancy
Part 20: Specialized intensive care: Specialized surgical intensive care
368. Intensive care management after cardiothoracic surgery
369. Intensive care management after neurosurgery
370. Intensive care management after vascular surgery
371. Intensive care management in hepatic and other abdominal organ transplantation
372. Intensive care management in cardiac transplantation
373. Intensive care management in lung transplantation
Part 20: Specialized intensive care: Oncological intensive care
374. ICU selection and outcome of patients with hematologic malignancy
375. Management of the bone marrow transplant recipient in ICU
376. Management of oncological complications in the ICU
Part 21: Recovery From Critical Illness: In hospital recovery from critical illness
377. Chronic critical illness
378. Promoting physical recovery in critical illness
379. Promoting renal recovery in critical illness
380. Recovering from critical illness in hospital
Part 21: Recovery From Critical Illness: Complications of critical illness
381. Physical consequences of critical illness
382. Neurocognitive impairment after critical illness
383. Affective and mood disorders after critical illness
Part 21: Recovery From Critical Illness: Out of hospital support after critical illness
384. Long-term weaning centres in critical care
385. The ICU survivor clinic
386. Rehabilitation from critical illness after hospital discharge
Part 22: End Of Life Care: Withdrawing and withholding treatment
387. Ethical decision making in withdrawing and withholding treatment
388. Management of the dying patient
Part 22: End Of Life Care: Management of the potential organ donor
389. Beating heart organ donation
390. Non-beating heart organ donation
Part 22: End Of Life Care: Post-mortem diagnosis
391. Post-mortem examination in the ICU