Patterns for College Writing: A Rhetorical Reader and Guide

by Kirszner, Laurie G.; Kirszner, Laurie G.; Mandell, Stephen R.

• ISBN13: 9780312247362
• ISBN10: 0312247362
• Edition: 8th
• Format: Paperback
• Copyright: 2000-08-01
• Publisher: Macmillan Higher Education

Summary

Engaging, accessible readings and thorough rhetorical instruction have made Patterns for College Writing the best-selling reader available. Patterns focuses students on the kinds of writing they will be asked to do throughout their college careers.

Table of Contents

Preface	vii
Thematic Guide to the Contents	xxix
Introduction: Reading to Write	1	(1)
Reading Critically	1	(1)
Reading Actively	2	(1)
Before You Read	2	(1)
As You Read	2	(1)
Checklist: Reading Actively	2	(1)
Highlighting and Annotating	3	(1)
Reading the Selections in this Book	4	(1)
``What's in a Name?''	5	(2)
Henry Louis Gates Jr.
Responding to Reading Selections	7	(6)
Part One: The Writing Process	13	(54)
Invention	15	(22)
Understanding the Assignment	15	(1)
Setting Limits	15	(5)
Length	16	(1)
Purpose	16	(1)
Audience	17	(1)
Occasion	18	(1)
Knowledge	18	(1)
Checklist: Setting Limits	19	(1)
Moving From Subject to Topic	20	(4)
Questions for Probing	20	(3)
Freewriting	23
Checklist: Questions for Probing	21	(3)
A Student Writer: Freewriting	24	(1)
Finding Something to Say	24	(3)
Brainstorming	25	(1)
A Student Writer: Brainstorming	25	(1)
Journal Writing	25	(2)
A Student Writer: Journal Writing	27	(1)
Grouping Ideas	27	(2)
Clustering	27	(1)
A Student Writer: Clustering	28	(1)
Making an Informal Outline	28	(1)
A Student Writer: Making an Informal Outline	29	(1)
Understanding Thesis and Support	29	(1)
Formulating a Thesis	30	(7)
Defining the Thesis Statement	30	(1)
Deciding on a Thesis	31	(1)
Stating Your Thesis	32	(1)
Implying a Thesis	33	(1)
A Student Writer: Formulating a Thesis	33	(4)
Arrangement	37	(12)
Recognizing a Pattern	37	(1)
Checklist: Recognizing a Pattern	38	(1)
Understanding the Parts of the Essay	38	(8)
The Introduction	39	(1)
The Body Paragraphs	40	(4)
The Conclusion	44	(2)
Constructing a Formal Outline	46	(3)
Checklist: Constructing a Formal Outline	46	(1)
A Student Writer: Constructing a Formal Outline	47	(2)
Drafting and Revising	49	(18)
Writing Your First Draft	49	(7)
Checklist: Drafting	49	(1)
A Student Writer: Writing a First Draft	50	(1)
Revising Your Essay	51	(1)
Revising with a Checklist	52	(1)
Checklist: Revision	53	(1)
Revising with an Outline	53	(1)
Revising with a Peer Critique	53	(1)
Checklist: Guidelines for Peer Critiques	54	(1)
A Student Writer: Revising a First Draft	54	(2)
Points for Special Attention: First Draft	56	(3)
The Introduction	56	(1)
The Body Paragraphs	57	(1)
The Conclusion	57	(1)
A Student Writer: Revising a Second Draft	58	(1)
Points for Special Attention: Second Draft	59	(5)
The Title	60	(1)
The Introduction	60	(1)
The Body Paragraphs	60	(1)
The Conclusion	60	(1)
A Student Writer: Preparing a Final Draft	61	(1)
Sample Student Essay: Laura Bobnak, The Price of Silence	61	(3)
A Note on Editing	64	(3)
Checklist: Editing	65	(2)
Part Two: Readings for Writers	67	(604)
Narration	69	(50)
What is Narration?	69	(1)
Using Narration	70	(1)
Planning a Narrative Essay	70	(2)
Including Enough Detail	70	(1)
Varying Sentence Structure	71	(1)
Maintaining Clear Narrative Order	71	(1)
Structuring a Narrative Essay	72	(47)
Checklist: Narration	73	(1)
A Student Writer: Narration	73	(1)
Sample Student Essay: Tiffany Forte, My Field of Dreams	73	(3)
Points for Special Attention	76	(1)
Focus on Revision	77	(2)
Homeward Bound	79	(4)
Janet Wu
Only Daughter	83	(5)
Sandra Cisneros
Finishing School	88	(6)
Maya Angelou
My Mother Never Worked	94	(5)
Donna Smith-Yackel
Thirty-Eight Who Saw Murder Didn't Call the Police	99	(5)
Martin Gansberg
Shooting an Elephant	104	(9)
George Orwell
The Open Window	113	(4)
Saki (H.H. Munro)
Writing Assignments for Narration	117	(1)
Collaborative Activity for Narration	118	(1)
Internet Assignment for Narration	118	(1)
Description	119	(50)
What Is Description?	120	(1)
Using Description	120	(4)
Understanding Objective and Subjective Description	120	(2)
Using Objective and Subjective Language	122	(1)
Selecting Details	123	(1)
Planning a Descriptive Essay	124	(1)
Structuring a Descriptive Essay	124	(45)
Checklist: Description	125	(1)
Student Writers: Description	126	(1)
Sample Student Essay: Joseph Tessari, The Light Microscope	126	(2)
Points for Special Attention	128	(1)
Focus on Revision	129	(1)
Sample Student Essay: Mary Lim, The Valley of Windmills	129	(2)
Points for Special Attention	131	(1)
Focus on Revision	132	(1)
Words Left Unspoken	133	(5)
Leah Hager Cohen
Reading the River	138	(4)
Mark Twain
More Than Just a Shrine: Paying Homage to the Ghosts of Ellis Island	142	(6)
Mary Gordon
The Way to Rainy Mountain	148	(6)
N. Scott Momaday
Once More to the Lake	154	(7)
E. B. White
The Grave	161	(6)
Katherine Anne Porter
Writing Assignments for Description	167	(1)
Collaborative Activity for Description	167	(1)
Internet Assignment for Description	168	(1)
Exemplification	169	(48)
What is Exemplification?	169	(1)
Using Exemplification	169	(3)
Using Examples to Explain and Clarify	170	(1)
Using Examples to Add Interest	170	(1)
Using Examples to Persuade	171	(1)
Using Examples to Test Your Thesis	171	(1)
Planning an Exemplification Essay	172	(1)
Providing Enough Examples	172	(1)
Choosing Representative Examples	172	(1)
Structuring an Exemplification Essay	173	(44)
Checklist: Exemplification	174	(1)
Student Writers: Exemplification	174	(1)
Sample Student Essay: Elizabeth Bensley, Job Application Letter	175	(1)
Points for Special Attention	176	(1)
Focus on Revision	177	(1)
Sample Student Essay: Grace Ku, Midnight	177	(2)
Points for Special Attention	179	(1)
Focus on Revision	180	(1)
The Peter Principle	181	(7)
Laurence J. Peter
Raymond Hull
The Great Campus Goof-Off Machine	188	(4)
Nate Stulman
English Is a Crazy Language	192	(5)
Richard Lederer
Just Walk On By: A Black Man Ponders His Power to Alter Public Space	197	(6)
Brent Staples
The Human Cost of an Illiterate Society	203	(9)
Jonathan Kozol
Samuel	212	(3)
Grace Paley
Writing Assignments for Exemplification	215	(1)
Collaborative Activity for Exemplification	215	(1)
Internet Assignment for Exemplification	216	(1)
Process	217	(48)
What is Process?	217	(1)
Understanding Instructions	218	(1)
Understanding Process Explanations	218	(1)
Using Process	218	(1)
Planning a Process Essay	219	(1)
Structuring a Process Essay	220	(45)
Checklist: Process	221	(1)
Student Writers: Process	221	(1)
Sample Student Essay: Joseph Miksitz, Pumping Iron	221	(2)
Points for Special Attention	223	(1)
Focus on Revision	223	(1)
Sample Student Essay: Melany Hunt, Medium Ash Brown	224	(2)
Points for Special Attention	226	(1)
Focus on Revision	227	(1)
My First Conk	228	(5)
Malcom X
Anatomy of a Joke	233	(5)
Garry Trudeau
Smile	238	(5)
Alan Lightman
On Fire	243	(5)
Larry Brown
The Embalming of Mr Jones	248	(7)
Jessica Mitford
The Lottery	255	(8)
Shirley Jackson
Writing Assignments for Process	263	(1)
Collaborative Activity for Process	263	(1)
Internet Assignment for Process	264	(1)
Cause and Effect	265	(56)
What is Cause and Effect?	265	(1)
Using Cause and Effect	266	(5)
Understanding Main and Contributory Causes	267	(1)
Understanding Immediate and Remote Causes	268	(1)
Understanding Causal Chains	268	(1)
Avoiding Post Hoc Reasoning	269	(2)
Planning a Cause-and-Effect Essay	271	(1)
Structuring a Cause-and-Effect Essay	272	(49)
Finding Causes	272	(1)
Describing or Predicting Effects	273	(1)
Checklist: Cause and Effect	274	(1)
A Student Writer: Cause and Effect	274	(1)
Sample Student Essay: Evelyn Pellicane, The Irish Famine, 1845-1849	274	(3)
Points for Special Attention	277	(1)
Focus on Revision	278	(1)
Who Killed Benny Paret?	279	(4)
Norman Cousins
Television: The Plug-In Drug	283	(11)
Marie Winn
The ``Black Table'' Is Still There	294	(4)
Lawrence Otis Graham
A Peaceful Woman Explains Why She Carries a Gun	298	(6)
Linda M. Hasselstrom
It's Just Too Late	304	(11)
Calvin Trillin
Suicide Note	315	(3)
Janice Mirikitani
Writing Assignments for Cause and Effect	318	(1)
Collaborative Activity for Cause and Effect	319	(1)
Internet Assignment for Cause and Effect	319	(2)
Comparison and Contrast	321	(58)
What is Comparison and Contrast?	321	(1)
Using Comparison and Contrast	322	(1)
Planning a Comparison-and-Contrast Essay	322	(3)
Recognizing Comparison-and-Contrast Assignments	323	(1)
Establishing a Basis for Comparison	323	(1)
Selecting Points for Discussion	324	(1)
Formulating a Thesis Statement	324	(1)
Structuring a Comparison-and-Contrast Essay	325	(54)
Using Subject-by-Subject Comparison	325	(1)
Using Point-by-Point Comparison	326	(1)
Supplying Clear Transitions	327	(1)
Checklist: Comparison and Contrast	327	(1)
Student Writers: Comparison and Contrast	328	(1)
Sample Student Essay: Mark Cotharn, Brains versus Brawn	328	(4)
Points for Special Attention	332	(1)
Focus on Revision	333	(1)
Sample Student Essay: Margaret Depner, The Big Move	334	(4)
Points for Special Attention	338	(1)
Focus on Revision	339	(1)
Grant and Lee: A Study in Contrasts	340	(5)
Bruce Catton
Never Do That to a Book	345	(6)
Anne Fadiman
The Victorian Internet	351	(6)
Tom Standage
Two Ways to Belong in America	357	(5)
Bharati Mukherjee
How the Lawyers Stole Winter	362	(5)
Christopher B. Daly
Sex, Lies, and Conversation	367	(7)
Deborah Tannen
Ex-Basketball Player	374	(2)
John Updike
Writing Assignments for Comparison and Contrast	376	(1)
Collaborative Activity for Comparison and Contrast	376	(1)
Internet Assignment for Comparison and Contrast	377	(2)
Classification and Division	379	(76)
What is Classification and Division?	379	(1)
Understanding Classification	380	(1)
Understanding Division	380	(1)
Using Classification and Division	380	(1)
Planning a Classification-and-Division Essay	381	(1)
Selecting and Arranging Categories	382	(1)
Formulating a Thesis Statement	382	(1)
Structuring a Classification-and-Division Essay	382	(73)
Checklist: Classification and Division	384	(1)
A Student Writer: Classification and Division	384	(1)
Sample Student Essay: Roger Bauer, The Western: More Than Just ``Popular'' Literature	385	(3)
Points for Special Attention	388	(1)
Focus on Revision	389	(1)
College Pressures	390	(9)
William Zinsser
The Men We Carry in Our Minds	399	(6)
Scott Russell Sanders
Mother Tongue	405	(8)
Amy Tan
Sexism in English: Embodiment and Language	413	(13)
Alleen Pace Nilsen
The Ways We Lie	426	(10)
Stephanie Ericsson
Revelation	436	(17)
Flannery O'Connor
Writing Assignments for Classification and Division	453	(1)
Collaborative Activity for Classification and Division	453	(1)
Internet Assignment for Classification and Division	454	(1)
Definition	455	(38)
What is Definition?	455	(1)
Understanding Formal Definitions	455	(1)
Understanding Extended Definitions	456	(1)
Using Definition	456	(1)
Planning a Definition Essay	457	(2)
Using Patterns of Development	457	(2)
Using Other Strategies	459	(1)
Structuring a Definition Essay	459	(34)
Checklist: Definition	460	(1)
A Student Writer: Definition	461	(1)
Sample Student Essay: Ajoy Mahtab, The Untouchable	461	(3)
Points for Special Attention	464	(1)
Focus on Revision	465	(1)
Burdens	466	(4)
John Kenneth Galbraith
Tortillas	470	(4)
Jose Antonio Burciaga
I Want a Wife	474	(4)
Judy Brady
The Company Man	478	(4)
Ellen Goodman
Does America Still Exist?	482	(6)
Richard Rodriguez
The Secretary Chant	488	(2)
Marge Piercy
Writing Assignments for Definition	490	(1)
Collaborative Activity for Definition	491	(1)
Internet Assignment for Definition	491	(2)
Argumentation	493	(132)
What is Argumentation?	493	(1)
Understanding Argumentation and Persuasion	494	(1)
Planning an Argumentative Essay	495	(6)
Choosing a Topic	495	(1)
Taking a Stand	495	(1)
Analyzing Your Audience	496	(1)
Gathering and Documenting Evidence	496	(3)
Dealing with the Opposition	499	(1)
Understanding Rogerian Argument	500	(1)
Checklist: Guidelines for Using Rogerian Argument	500	(1)
Using Deductive and Inductive Arguments	501	(7)
Using Deductive Arguments	501	(2)
Using Inductive Arguments	503	(1)
Using Toulmin Logic	504	(1)
Recognizing Fallacies	505	(3)
Structuring an Argumentative Essay	508	(117)
Checklist: Argumentation	509	(1)
A Student Writer: Argumentation	510	(1)
Sample Student Essay: Matt Daniels, An Argument against the Anna Todd Jennings Scholarship	510	(3)
Points for Special Attention	513	(1)
Focus on Revision	514	(2)
The Declaration of Independence	516	(6)
Thomas Jefferson
Letter from Birmingham Jail	522	(15)
Martin Luther King Jr.
Debate: Is Date Rape Really Rape?	537	(1)
It's a Jungle Out There	538	(6)
Camille Paglia
Common Decency	544	(5)
Susan Jacoby
Debate: Should We Live Together or Apart?	549	(2)
Why Special Housing for Ethnic Students Makes Sense	551	(7)
Rebecca Lee Parker
College Housing Policies Should Avoid Ethnic and Religious Balkanization	558	(6)
Dena S. Davis
Debate Casebook: Does Media Violence Cause Societal Violence?	564	(2)
Unnatural Killers	566	(10)
John Grisham
Memo to John Grisham: What's Next --- ``A Movie Made Me Do It''?	576	(5)
Oliver Stone
Violent Films Cry ``Fire'' in Crowded Theaters	581	(6)
Michael Zimecki
Games as a Scapegoat	587	(5)
Steve Bauman
Debate Casebook: Is the Internet Good for Society?	592	(2)
Bards of the Internet	594	(5)
Philip Elmer-DeWitt
One Internet, Two Nations	599	(5)
Henry Louis Gates Jr.
The End of Serendipity	604	(6)
Ted Gup
How the Web Destroys the Quality of Students' Research Papers	610	(5)
David Rothenberg
An Age of Optimism	615	(5)
Nicholas Negroponte
Writing Assignments for Argumentation	620	(1)
Collaborative Activity for Argumentation	620	(1)
Internet Assignments for Argumentation	621	(4)
Combining the Patterns	625	(46)
Structuring an Essay by Combining the Patterns	625	(46)
A Student Writer: Combining the Patterns	626	(1)
Sample Student Essay: Michael Huu Truong, The Park	626	(4)
Points for Special Attention	630	(1)
Focus on Revision	631	(1)
On Dumpster Diving	632	(16)
Lars Eighner
A Modest Proposal	648	(10)
Jonathan Swift
In Search of Our Mothers' Gardens	658	(11)
Alice Walker
Writing Assignments for Combining the Patterns	669	(1)
Collaborative Activity for Combining the Patterns	669	(1)
Internet Assignment for Combining the Patterns	669	(2)
APPENDIX: WRITING A RESEARCH PAPER	671	(20)
STEP 1: Choosing a Topic	671	(1)
STEP 2: Looking for Sources	672	(1)
STEP 3: Narrowing Your Topic	672	(1)
STEP 4: Doing Research	672	(1)
STEP 5: Taking Notes	673	(1)
STEP 6: Watching Out for Plagiarism	674	(3)
STEP 7: Drafting a Thesis Statement	677	(1)
STEP 8: Making an Outline	677	(1)
STEP 9: Writing Your Paper	678	(1)
STEP 10: Documenting Your Sources	679	(6)
Sample Student Research Paper in MLA Style	685	(6)
Sample Student Essay: Allison Rogers, Violence in the Media	686	(5)
Glossary	691	(10)
Index of Terms, Authors, and Titles	701