Philosophical Inquiry

by Adler, Jonathan E.; Elgin, Catherine Z.

• ISBN13: 9780872208674
• ISBN10: 0872208672
• Format: Paperback
• Copyright: 2007-09-07
• Publisher: Hackett Pub Co Inc

Summary

This meticulously edited anthology provides a comprehensive, problems-oriented entrée to philosophy. Substantial readings from major classical and contemporary thinkers - featuring many of Hackett's widely acclaimed translations - are supported by a general introduction, engaging introductions to each major topic, and a glossary of important philosophical terms.

Table of Contents

Why Study Philosophy?
The Nature of Knowledge
Meno	p. 7
"The Myth of the Cave"	p. 23
"The Nature of Knowledge"*	p. 27
"How A Priori Knowledge Is Possible"	p. 32
"The A Priori and the Necessary"*	p. 35
"Is Justified True Belief Knowledge?"	p. 43
"An Analysis of Knowledge"*	p. 44
Skepticism and the Scope of Knowledge
Meditations on First Philosophy	p. 50
"The Problem of the Criterion"	p. 77
"How to Make Our Ideas Clear"	p. 85
"Philosophical Scepticism and Everyday Life," selections	p. 95
"Skepticism"	p. 108
Perceptual and Inductive Knowledge
"Origins of Our Ideas and Knowledge"*	p. 115
Three Dialogues between Hylas and Philonous, selections	p. 141
"Discrimination and Perceptual Knowledge"	p. 168
An Enquiry Concerning Human Understanding, selections	p. 175
"Reflections on the Common Theory of Ideas"	p. 207
"On Induction"	p. 216
"The New Riddle of Induction," selections	p. 220
Causation and the Nature of Reality
"Why Anything? Why This?"	p. 231
Monadology	p. 243
"The Four Causes,"* selections	p. 251
"Causation," selections	p. 265
"Why Ask ''Why?'"	p. 274
"Evolution as a Universal Acid"*	p. 285
Identity and Personal Identity
"The Statue and the Clay"	p. 296
"On Identity"*	p. 310
"Of Identity," selections	p. 318
A Dialogue on Personal Identity and Immortality, selections	p. 321
"Personal Identity"	p. 334
Freedom of the Will
"The Incompatibility of Free Will and Determinism"	p. 346
"Human Freedom and the Self"	p. 353
"Freedom of the Will and the Concept of a Person"	p. 360
"Are We Free to Break the Laws?"	p. 369
"Moral Luck"	p. 373
"Sensations and Brain Processes"	p. 384
"The Nature of Mental States"	p. 391
"The Intentional Stance and Why It Works"	p. 397
"Three Cheers for Prepositional Attitudes"	p. 409
"What Is It Like to Be a Bat?"	p. 421
"Epiphenomenal Qualia"	p. 427
"Brains in a Vat"	p. 433
Major Theories
Euthyphro	p. 450
Nicomachean Ethics	p. 459
Grounding for the Metaphysics of Morals	p. 474
"Understanding and Defending Utilitarianism"*	p. 493
"Against Slavish Moralities"*	p. 503
Motivation, Self-Interest, and the Good Life
Apology	p. 517
"Hobbes"	p. 529
"The Myth of Sisyphus"	p. 542
"The Experience Machine"	p. 544
Metaethics
"The Emotive and Social Basis of Ethics"*	p. 546
"The Subjectivity of Values"	p. 554
"Two Concepts of Rules"	p. 565
"What's Wrong with Lying?"	p. 577
Applications
"The Problem of Abortion and the Doctrine of the Double Effect"	p. 588
"A Defense of Abortion"	p. 594
"Famine, Affluence, and Morality"	p. 604
"War and Massacre"	p. 611
"Active and Passive Euthanasia"	p. 621
"The Conscience of Huckleberry Finn"	p. 625
Leviathan, selections	p. 636
"The Social Contract"*	p. 653
"Social Liberty"*	p. 664
"Economic and Philosophic Manuscripts of 1844," selections	p. 678
"The Original Position and the Principles of Justice"*	p. 684
"A Libertarian Critique of Rawls"*	p. 694
The Existence and Nature of God
"The Ontological Argument"*	p. 709
"The Five Ways - Question II, Third Article"	p. 711
"The Cosmological Argument and the Principle of Sufficient Reason"	p. 713
Dialogues Concerning Natural Religion, selections	p. 719
"Theology and Falsification"	p. 751
"A Refutation of Arguments from Evil"	p. 753
"Evil and Omnipotence"	p. 757
"The Magnitude, Duration, and Distribution of Evil: A Theodicy," selections	p. 764
Reason and Faith
"On Miracles," selections	p. 772
"On the Importance of Christianity and the Nature of Historical Evidence, and Miracles," selections	p. 777
"The Wager"	p. 784
"The Ethics of Belief," selections	p. 786
"The Will to Believe"	p. 792
"Deciding to Believe"	p. 802
"Of the Standard of Taste"	p. 815
"The Nature of Aesthetic Judgment"*	p. 824
"What Is Art?" selections	p. 830
"When Is Art?"	p. 838
"The Artistic Enfranchisement of Real Objects: The Artworld"	p. 844
"What Is Art? An Institutional Analysis"	p. 852
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