PHR and SPHR Professional in Human Resources Certification Complete Deluxe Study Guide 2018 Exams

by Reed, Sandra M.

• ISBN13: 9781119426738
• ISBN10: 1119426731
• Edition: 2nd
• Format: Hardcover
• Copyright: 2019-05-29
• Publisher: Sybex

Summary

The #1 study guide for the leading HR certification, aligned with the updated HRBoK™!

PHR/SPHR Professional in Human Resources Certification Deluxe Study Guide, Second Edition, is the ideal resource for HR professionals seeking to validate their skills and knowledge acquired through years of practical experience, or a relative newcomer to the HR field looking to strengthen their resume. Featuring study tools designed to reinforce understanding of key functional areas, it’s the study guide you’ll turn to again and again as you prepare for this challenging exam.

Offering insights into those areas of knowledge and practices specific and necessary to human resource management (HRM), this study guide covers tasks, processes, and strategies as detailed in the updated A Guide to the Human Resource Body of Knowledge™ (HRBoK™). The study guide breaks down the critical HR topics that you need to understand as you prepare for the exams.

You’ll get a year of FREE access to the interactive online learning environment and test bank, including an assessment test, chapter tests, practice exams, electronic flashcards, and a glossary of key terms. New bonus material includes study checklists and worksheets to supplement your exam preparation, and eBooks in different formats to read on multiple devices. 

•          Refresh your understanding of key functional areas

•          Practice the practical with workbook templates

•          Test your knowledge with flashcards and exercises

•          Preview exam day with bonus practice exams

If you're looking to showcase your skills and understanding of the HR function, PHR/SPHR Professionals in Human Resources Certification Deluxe Study Guide is your ideal resource for PHR/SPHR preparation.

Author Biography

Sandra M. Reed, SPHR, has over 20 years of HR experience, the last 10 in the consulting and teaching arena. She currently is owner of Epoch Resources, a consulting firm located in the Central Valley of California, which specializes in the unique HR needs of small businesses. She has conducted onsite training for California State University, Stanislaus, University of the Pacific, the Small Business Development Center of Stanislaus County, and private employers throughout Northern California. She is the author of PHR and SPHR Professional in Human Resources Certification Complete Study Guide, Fifth Edition.

Table of Contents

Introduction xxv

PHR Assessment Test xxxi

SPHR Assessment Test xxxvi

Chapter 1 Certifying Human Resource Professionals 1

The Human Resource Profession 3

Development of the Human Resource Body of Knowledge 4

Defining the Functional Areas of the BOK 6

Professional in Human Resources (PHR) 6

Senior Professional in Human Resources (SPHR) 8

Eligibility Requirements 10

Recertification 11

The Test 12

It’s Experiential and Federal 14

What the Questions Look Like 15

Preparing for the Exam 16

Taking the Exam 20

Summary 22

Chapter 2 PHR Exam: Business Management 23

Organizations 24

External Business Environment 24

Internal Business Operations 25

Mission, Vision, Values 31

Corporate Governance 32

Organization Values and Ethics 33

Ethics Officers 37

Corporate Responsibility 37

Whistle-Blower Protection 39

Enterprise Risk Management 42

HR Audits 42

Insurance Policies 43

Employee Handbooks 43

Litigation Statistics 43

Other 45

Legislative and Regulatory Processes 45

Technology 47

Workforce Analytics 48

Qualitative and Quantitative Analysis 49

Data Collection 50

Analysis Tools 51

Qualitative Analysis 54

Change Management 55

HR Metrics: Measuring Results 58

Business Impact Measures 58

Tactical Accountability Measures 59

Building a Business Case 61

Summary 61

Exam Essentials 62

Review Questions 63

Chapter 3 PHR Exam: Talent Planning and Acquisition 67

Talent Planning 69

Workforce Goals and Objectives 70

Job Analysis and Description 71

Job Analysis 71

Job Descriptions 72

Qualified Employees 73

Translating Organization Goals into Staffing Plans 78

Labor Market Analysis 79

Staffing Programs 80

Sourcing and Recruiting Candidates 80

Candidate Selection Tools 88

Employment Offers 104

Post-Offer Employment Activities 106

Summary 111

Exam Essentials 112

Review Questions 113

Chapter 4 PHR Exam: Learning and Development 119

Organizational Development 120

Strategic Interventions 121

Techno-Structural Interventions 125

Human Process Interventions 134

Human Resource Management Interventions 137

Employee Training Programs 145

Adult Learning Processes and Learning Styles 146

Instructional Design Models 147

Learning Management Systems 162

Metrics: Measuring Results 164

Summary 165

Exam Essentials 165

Review Questions 166

Chapter 5 PHR Exam: Total Rewards 171

Total Rewards Defined 172

Budgeting and Accounting for Total Rewards 173

Salary Surveys 173

Benchmarking 175

Compensation 175

Types of Compensation 178

Traditional Pay Structures 186

Benefits 196

Involuntary Benefits 197

Voluntary Benefits 198

Payroll 212

Payroll Systems 212

Payroll Administration 212

Communicating Compensation and Benefits Programs 215

Metrics: Measuring Results 216

Summary 217

Exam Essentials 217

Review Questions 219

Chapter 6 PHR Exam: Employee and Labor Relations 223

Human Relations 226

Personality at Work 227

Psychological Capital 228

Motivational Concepts 228

Organization Climate and Culture 232

Employee Engagement 234

Employee Involvement Strategies 234

Communicating with Employees 236

Employee Feedback 238

Positive Employee Relations Programs 240

Employee Rights and Responsibilities 242

Workplace Policies and Procedures 243

Records Management: The Life Cycle 245

Performance Management Programs 248

Performance Appraisal 249

Training Performance Evaluators 252

Performance Improvement 255

Workplace Behavior Issues 256

Organization Exit/Off-Boarding Processes 259

Voluntary Exit Processes 259

Involuntary Exit Processes 260

Tools for Dispute Resolution 265

Arbitration 266

Mediation 267

Constructive Confrontation 268

Labor Relations 269

Labor Laws and Organizations 269

Employee Rights 271

Union Organization 274

Risk Overview 281

Risk Identification 282

HR Tools to Identify and Assess Risk 283

Risk Assessment 286

Risk Management 302

Managing Security Risks 309

Managing Business Continuity Risks 320

Managing Workplace Privacy Risks 323

Metrics: Measuring Results 326

Summary 328

Exam Essentials 329

Review Questions 332

Chapter 7 SPHR Exam: Leadership and Strategy 337

Organizational Planning and Strategy 341

Organizational Structures 341

Shared Services and Outsourcing of HR Functions 342

Strategic Planning 345

Basic Accounting and Budgeting 355

Strategic Management 358

Strategic Relationships 359

Human Capital Management Plans 361

Human Capital Projections 363

Service Delivery and Technology 364

HRIS Systems 364

Project Management Concepts 370

HR Data and Metrics 371

Summary 372

Exam Essentials 372

Review Questions 374

Chapter 8 SPHR Exam: Talent Planning and Acquisition 379

Recruiting and Selection 381

Person-to-Organization Fit 382

Person-to-Job Fit 382

Candidate Sourcing 384

Labor Law Compliance 386

Strategic Workforce Planning 387

Human Capital Management Plans 387

Human Capital Projections 389

The Impact of the Business Life Cycle 390

Strategic Analysis 392

Employee Retention and Engagement 393

The Impact of Wages 394

Building the Employer Brand 395

Metrics: Measuring Results 396

Summary 397

Exam Essentials 398

Review Questions 399

Chapter 9 SPHR Exam: Learning and Development 403

Learning and Development Defined 406

Strategic Learning and Development 406

The Role of the Behavioral Sciences 408

Succession Plans 411

Integrated Talent Management 412

Training as an Intervention Strategy 413

Summary 414

Exam Essentials 415

Review Questions 416

Chapter 10 SPHR Exam: Total Rewards 421

Total Rewards Defined 422

Fiduciary Responsibility 423

Total Rewards Philosophy and Strategies 424

Competing in the Market 425

Strategic Alignment 425

Strategic Allocation 426

Integrative Approach 427

Job Analysis 428

Job Evaluation and Pricing 429

Collective Bargaining and Contract Costing 431

Basic Budgeting and Accounting 432

Accounting 432

Budgeting 434

Motivating and Retaining through Total Rewards 435

Efficiency vs. Empathy Wages 436

Other Studies 436

Best Practices 437

Equity Compensation 438

Executive Compensation 439

Stock Options 441

Board of Directors/Outside Directors 443

Benefits 443

Summary 445

Exam Essentials 445

Review Questions 447

Chapter 11 SPHR Exam: Employee Relations and Engagement 451

Human Relations 453

Motivation 454

Job Attitudes 455

Positive Employee Relations 456

Diversity and Inclusion 463

Generations at Work 464

Women in Leadership 464

Sexual Orientation and Gender Expression/Identity 465

Cultural Competence 466

Workplace Safety and Security 468

Crises in Leadership 468

Business Continuity 471

Internal Investigations 472

Labor Unions 473

Collective Bargaining 473

Remaining Union-Free 477

Metrics: Measuring Results 478

Summary 479

Exam Essentials 480

Review Questions 482

Appendix A Answers to Review Questions 487

Chapter 2: PHR Exam: Business Management 488

Chapter 3: PHR Exam: Talent Planning and Acquisition 490

Chapter 4: PHR Exam: Learning and Development 493

Chapter 5: PHR Exam: Total Rewards 495

Chapter 6: PHR Exam: Employee and Labor Relations 498

Chapter 7: SPHR Exam: Leadership and Strategy 500

Chapter 8: SPHR Exam: Talent Planning and Acquisition 502

Chapter 9: SPHR Exam: Learning and Development 504

Chapter 10: SPHR Exam: Total Rewards 506

Chapter 11: SPHR Exam: Employee Relations and Engagement 508

Appendix B PHR^® and SPHR^® Case Studies 511

Case Study 1: Human Resources Role in Preventing Workplace Violence 512

Questions 513

Answers 514

Case Study 2: Where the Green Glass Grows 514

The Company 515

The Customer 515

Exercises 516

Answers and Additional Exercises 518

Appendix C Federal Employment Legislation and Case Law 521

Affirmative Action Plans (AAPs) 522

Executive Order 11246 AAP 523

VEVRAA AAP 524

Section 503, Individuals with Disabilities AAP 526

Age Discrimination in Employment Act of 1967 (ADEA) 527

Older Worker Benefit Protection Act Amendment to the ADEA 528

Americans with Disabilities Act of 1990 (ADA) 529

Civil Rights Act of 1964 (Title VII) 530

Amendments to Title VII 531

Common Law Doctrines 533

Employment at Will 534

Duty of Good Faith and Fair Dealing 535

Promissory Estoppel 535

Fraudulent Misrepresentation 535

Respondeat Superior 536

Constructive Discharge 536

Defamation 536

Copyright Act of 1976 537

Davis-Bacon Act of 1931 537

Drug-Free Workplace Act of 1988 538

EEO Survey 538

Report Types 539

Race and Ethnicity Categories 540

Job Categories 540

Data Reporting 541

Employment Retirement Income Security Act of 1974 (ERISA) 541

Summary Plan Description (SPD) 542

Annual Reports 542

Participant Benefit Rights Reports 543

Employee Participation 543

Vesting 543

Benefit Accrual Requirements 544

Form and Payment of Benefits 544

Funding 545

Fiduciary Responsibility 545

Administration and Enforcement 545

Amendments to ERISA 545

Executive Orders 548

Fair Credit Reporting Act of 1970 (FCRA) 549

Fair Labor Standards Act of 1938 (FLSA) 550

Minimum Wage 551

Maximum Hours and Overtime 551

Exemption Status 554

Salary Deductions 556

Child Labor 558

Record Keeping 558

Penalties and Recovery of Back Wages 559

FLSA Amendments 560

Family and Medical Leave Act of 1993 (FMLA) 561

Designation of FMLA Leave 561

Failure to Designate in a Timely Manner 561

Waiver of Rights 562

Substitution of Paid Leave 562

Perfect Attendance Awards 562

Light Duty Assignments 562

Record-Keeping Requirements 562

Employers Covered 563

Notice Obligations 563

Employees Eligible for FMLA 565

Key Employee Exception 565

Employee Notice Requirement 566

Reasons for FMLA Leave 567

Medical Certification Process 569

Types of FMLA Leave 570

Calculating the FMLA Year 570

Tracking Reduced and Intermittent FMLA Leave 571

Ending FMLA Leave 571

FMLA Implications for Employers 572

Foreign Corrupt Practices Act of 1977 572

Genetic Information Nondiscrimination Act of 2008 (GINA) 573

Glass Ceiling Act of 1991 574

Societal Barriers 574

Internal Structural Barriers 574

Governmental Barriers 574

Illegal Immigration Reform and Immigrant Responsibility Act of 1996 (IIRIRA) 575

Immigration Reform and Control Act of 1986 (IRCA) 575

E-Verify 576

Amendments to IRCA: Immigration Act of 1990 576

International Labour Organization (ILO) 578

International Trade Organizations 579

European Union (EU) 579

Mercosur 580

North American Free Trade Agreement (NAFTA) 580

Mine Safety and Health Act of 1977 (MSHA) 580

Occupational Safety and Health Act of 1970 (OSHA) 581

More Inspections 582

Emphasis on Safety Communication 582

Reporting of Injuries 583

Employer Responsibilities 583

Employer Rights 584

Employee Rights and Responsibilities 585

OSHA Enforcement 585

OSHA Record-Keeping Requirements 586

OSHA Assistance 588

Health and Safety Inspections 589

Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development (OECD): Guidelines for Multinational Enterprises (MNEs) 593

Patient Protection and Affordable Care Act of 2010 (PPACA, ACA, Obamacare) 594

Pension Protection Act of 2006 (PPA) 595

Privacy Act of 1974 595

Rehabilitation Act of 1973, Sections 501, 503, and 505 596

Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002 (SOX) 596

Service Contract Act of 1965 (SCA) 596

Sexual Harassment 597

Hostile Work Environment Harassment 597

EEOC Guidelines for the Prevention of Sexual Harassment 599

Uniformed Services Employment and Reemployment Rights Act of 1994 (USERRA) 600

Disabled Veterans 602

United States Patent Act of 1790 603

Wage Garnishment Law, Federal 603

Walsh-Healey Public Contracts Act of 1936 604

Worker Adjustment Retraining and Notification Act of 1988

(WARN) 604

Workers’ Compensation 605

Quick Reference Guide: Agencies, Court Cases, Terms, and Laws; General Record-Keeping Guidelines 606

Appendix D Resources 617

Business Management, Leadership, and Strategy 619

Books 619

Professional Associations 620

Talent Planning and Acquisition 620

Books 620

Professional Associations 620

Learning and Development 621

Books 621

Professional Associations 621

Total Rewards 621

Books 622

Professional Associations 622

Employee and Labor Relations and Engagement 622

Books 622

Professional Associations 623

Appendix E Summarizing the Summaries: What Meta-Analyses Tell Us About Work Engagement 625

Christian, Garza, and Slaughter, 2011 626

Maricutoiu, Sulea, and Iancu, 2017 627

Knight, Patterson, and Dawson, 2017 628

References 629

Appendix F Neuroscience Principles and Applications for HR Leaders 631

Introduction 632

The Principles 633

Principle 1: The Unlearning-Relearning Process 633

Principle 2: Redefining Resistance 635

Principle 3: Engaging Behavioral Change 638

Conclusion 640

Suggested Reading 640

Index 643