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Plato, Socrates, and the Dialogues | p. 3 |
Preliminary | p. 3 |
Approaches to the Dialogues | p. 4 |
Aristotle and the Dialogues | p. 5 |
Why Dialogues? | p. 7 |
Aristotle and Socrates | p. 8 |
The Order of the Dialogues | p. 11 |
Plato's Attitude to Socrates | p. 13 |
Socrates in the History of Greek Ethics | p. 15 |
Socrates' Method | p. 17 |
Socratic Ignorance and Socratic Method | p. 17 |
Uses of the Elenchos | p. 18 |
Socrates' Constructive Method | p. 20 |
The Demand for an Account | p. 21 |
Accounts and Definitions | p. 22 |
Adequate Definitions | p. 23 |
Types of Definition | p. 25 |
Knowledge and Definition | p. 27 |
Difficulties about Socratic Ignorance | p. 28 |
Difficulties in Socratic Method | p. 29 |
Socrates' Arguments about the Virtues | p. 31 |
The Character of the Dialogues | p. 31 |
Common Beliefs | p. 32 |
Happiness | p. 32 |
Virtue | p. 33 |
Virtue and the Virtues | p. 35 |
Action, Character, and Virtue | p. 36 |
The Fine and the Good | p. 37 |
Temperance and Knowledge | p. 38 |
Bravery and Knowledge | p. 40 |
Temperance and the Unity of the Virtues | p. 41 |
Bravery and the Unity of the Virtues | p. 42 |
Justice and the Good of the Agent | p. 44 |
Justice and the Good of Others | p. 46 |
The Guiding Principles of Socratic Inquiry | p. 48 |
The Elenchos and the Search for Definitions | p. 49 |
Socrates' Treatment of Common Beliefs | p. 50 |
Socrates: From Happiness to Virtue | p. 52 |
The Importance of the Euthydemus | p. 52 |
Eudaemonism | p. 52 |
Why Eudaemonism? | p. 53 |
Happiness, Wisdom, and Fortune | p. 55 |
Wisdom and the Correct Use of Assets | p. 56 |
Wisdom as the Only Good | p. 56 |
The Sufficiency of Virtue for Happiness | p. 58 |
Use and Misuse of Knowledge | p. 60 |
Socrates' Defence of His Guiding Principles | p. 61 |
Questions about Socrates' Defence | p. 63 |
Difficulties for Socrates | p. 65 |
The Questions about Happiness | p. 65 |
Is Virtue Instrumental to Happiness? | p. 67 |
Is Virtue a Craft? | p. 68 |
Aristotle on Virtue and Craft | p. 70 |
Aristotle on Production and Action | p. 71 |
Virtues, Crafts, and Instrumental Means | p. 72 |
Why Is Virtue Sufficient for Happiness? | p. 73 |
Virtue, Craft, and Non-Rational Desires | p. 75 |
Implications of an Instrumental View | p. 76 |
The Protagoras | p. 78 |
The Aims of the Dialogue | p. 78 |
Protagoras and Socrates on Virtue | p. 79 |
Preliminary Arguments for the Unity of the Virtues | p. 80 |
The Appeal to Hedonism | p. 81 |
The Denial of Incontinence | p. 83 |
The Last Argument for the Unity of the Virtues | p. 84 |
Questions about Socratic Hedonism | p. 85 |
Eudaemonism and Hedonism | p. 87 |
Advantages of Hedonism | p. 88 |
Hedonism and Instrumentalism | p. 89 |
Hedonism and the Virtues | p. 90 |
Socratic Method in the Protagoras | p. 92 |
The Argument of the Gorgias | p. 95 |
The Main Issues | p. 95 |
Objections to Rhetoric | p. 96 |
Rhetoric and Justice | p. 97 |
Power and Justice | p. 99 |
The Argument with Callicles | p. 101 |
Callicles' Moral Position | p. 102 |
Callicles' Conception of Happiness | p. 104 |
Socrates' Conception of Happiness | p. 106 |
Socrates' Reply to Callicles | p. 106 |
Rhetoric and Pleasure | p. 108 |
Happiness and Rational Order | p. 109 |
Implications of the Gorgias | p. 111 |
Quantitative Hedonism | p. 111 |
Pleasure and Good | p. 113 |
Psychic Order | p. 114 |
Socratic Eudaemonism in the Gorgias | p. 116 |
The Adaptive Conception of Happiness | p. 117 |
Wisdom and Happiness | p. 118 |
Happiness and External Goods | p. 118 |
Happiness, Virtue, and Justice | p. 120 |
The Treatment of the Interlocutor | p. 121 |
The Constructive Use of the Elenchos | p. 122 |
The Contribution of the Gorgias to Socratic Moral Theory | p. 124 |
Socratic Method and Socratic Ethics: The Meno | p. 127 |
Questions about Socratic Method | p. 127 |
Inquiry and Knowledge | p. 128 |
Accounts and Definitions | p. 129 |
Definition, Explanation, and Knowledge | p. 130 |
The Paradox of Inquiry | p. 130 |
A Successful Inquiry | p. 132 |
A Defence of Socratic Inquiry | p. 133 |
Aspects of Recollection | p. 135 |
Virtue as Knowledge: For and Against | p. 136 |
Virtue and Benefit | p. 137 |
Psychological Eudaemonism in the Meno | p. 138 |
Knowledge and Teaching | p. 140 |
Knowledge, Belief, and Socratic Inquiry | p. 141 |
Knowledge, Belief, and Stability | p. 143 |
Knowledge, Belief, and Virtue | p. 145 |
The Meno and Socratic Ethics | p. 146 |
The Theory of Forms | p. 148 |
Socratic Method and Platonic Metaphysics | p. 148 |
Definition and Unity | p. 149 |
Convention and Objectivity | p. 150 |
Epistemological Requirements for a Definition | p. 152 |
Compresence of Opposites | p. 154 |
Compresence and Explanation | p. 155 |
The Form and the 'Many' | p. 156 |
The Role of the Senses | p. 157 |
Sensible Properties | p. 160 |
Objections to the Senses: Types of Flux | p. 161 |
The Senses and the Compresence of Opposites | p. 163 |
Difficulties about Moral Properties | p. 163 |
Definitions and Hypotheses | p. 166 |
Republic I | p. 169 |
The Significance of Book I | p. 169 |
Cephalus | p. 170 |
Polemarchus | p. 171 |
Simonides on Justice | p. 172 |
Thrasymachus' Account | p. 174 |
Objections to Thrasymachus: Rulers and Crafts | p. 176 |
Thrasymachus on Justice and Virtue | p. 177 |
Psychic Order | p. 178 |
The Human Function | p. 179 |
Results of Book I | p. 180 |
Republic II: Objections to Justice | p. 181 |
The Question about Justice | p. 181 |
Justice and Its Consequences | p. 182 |
Gyges' Ring | p. 184 |
The Choice of Lives | p. 185 |
Apparent and Real Justice | p. 187 |
Glaucon, Adeimantus, and Thrasymachus | p. 188 |
The Division of Goods | p. 189 |
The Superiority of Justice | p. 191 |
The Relation of Justice to Happiness | p. 192 |
Virtue and Reliability | p. 194 |
Admiration for Virtue | p. 195 |
Virtue, Knowledge, and Perfection | p. 197 |
Socrates and the Praise of Justice | p. 198 |
Socrates and the Relation of Virtue to Happiness | p. 199 |
Socrates and the Definition of Justice | p. 200 |
Are Plato's Questions Reasonable? | p. 201 |
Republic IV: The Division of the Soul | p. 203 |
The Argument of Book IV | p. 203 |
Plato's Argument for the Division of the Soul | p. 203 |
Conflicts between Desires | p. 205 |
Rational Desires versus Appetites | p. 206 |
Desire and Contrariety | p. 207 |
The Appetitive Part | p. 209 |
The Spirited Part | p. 211 |
The Rational Part | p. 214 |
Reasons for the Tripartition of the Soul | p. 216 |
Parts of the Soul as Agents | p. 217 |
The Unity of a Part of the Soul | p. 218 |
Relations between Parts of the Soul | p. 220 |
Republic IV: The Virtues | p. 223 |
The Division of the Soul and the Account of the Virtues | p. 223 |
Connexions between the Virtues: Bravery | p. 224 |
Connexions between the Virtues: Temperance | p. 226 |
Justice and the Other Virtues | p. 227 |
Is Knowledge Necessary for Virtue? The Political Analogy | p. 229 |
Virtue without Wisdom? | p. 230 |
Knowledge and Stability | p. 231 |
Knowledge, Reasons, and Virtue | p. 233 |
Degrees of Virtue | p. 234 |
Virtue, Knowledge, and Autonomy | p. 235 |
Is Knowledge Sufficient for Virtue? | p. 236 |
The Reciprocity and Unity of the Virtues | p. 237 |
The Republic and the Socratic Dialogues | p. 239 |
Socratic and Platonic Doctrines in Greek Ethics | p. 242 |
Republic IV: Justice and Happiness | p. 244 |
The Questions about Justice | p. 244 |
The Function of the Rational Part | p. 245 |
The Role of Practical Reason | p. 247 |
Socrates on Happiness: Some Objections | p. 248 |
Socrates on Happiness: Some Ambiguities | p. 250 |
Happiness and the Human Function | p. 252 |
Justice and the Human Function | p. 253 |
The Dominance of Justice | p. 254 |
An Objection to Plato's Account of Justice | p. 256 |
Common Views about Justice | p. 257 |
An Answer to Thrasymachus? | p. 260 |
Republic V-VII | p. 262 |
Socratic Definition in the Republic | p. 262 |
The Philosophers and the Sight-Lovers | p. 264 |
The Importance of the Sight-Lovers | p. 265 |
Knowledge and Belief | p. 266 |
Plato's Objection to the Sight-Lovers | p. 268 |
Are the Sight-Lovers Refuted? | p. 269 |
The Sun | p. 271 |
The Form of the Good | p. 272 |
The Divided Line | p. 274 |
The Cave on Belief | p. 275 |
The Cave on Knowledge | p. 277 |
Epistemology and Moral Theory | p. 279 |
Republic VIII-IX on Justice | p. 281 |
The Place of Books VIII-IX | p. 281 |
Sources of Psychic Injustice | p. 282 |
The Decline of the Soul | p. 283 |
Choices in Unjust Souls | p. 284 |
Rational Choices in the Decline of the Soul | p. 285 |
The Rational Part of an Unjust Soul | p. 287 |
The Functions of the Rational Part | p. 288 |
The Rational Part and the Choice of Ends | p. 290 |
The Pleasures of the Rational Part | p. 291 |
The Special Concerns of the Rational Part | p. 292 |
The Good of the Whole Soul | p. 294 |
A Fuller Conception of Psychic Justice | p. 295 |
Platonic Love | p. 298 |
The Questions about Justice and Interest | p. 298 |
Philosophers as Rulers | p. 299 |
The Aims of the Rational Part | p. 301 |
The Puzzles about Love in the Republic | p. 302 |
Aspects of Eros | p. 303 |
Concern for the Future | p. 306 |
Concern for Others | p. 308 |
Propagation and Love of Other Persons | p. 310 |
Platonic Love and Platonic Justice | p. 311 |
The Justice of the Philosopher-Rulers | p. 313 |
Conclusions from the Republic | p. 316 |
Pleasure, Intelligence, and the Good | p. 318 |
The Scope of the Philebus | p. 318 |
The Diversity of Pleasures | p. 319 |
One and Many | p. 321 |
Limit and Unlimited | p. 323 |
Limit and Norm | p. 324 |
Questions about Limit and Unlimited | p. 325 |
The Choice of Pleasures | p. 327 |
False Pleasures | p. 328 |
Better and Worse Pleasures | p. 330 |
The Character of the Good | p. 332 |
Completeness and External Goods | p. 335 |
The Special Role of Intelligence | p. 337 |
Reason and Virtue | p. 339 |
Questions Raised in the Late Dialogues | p. 339 |
The Disunity of the Virtues | p. 339 |
Pleasure and Desire | p. 342 |
Pleasure and Happiness | p. 343 |
Virtue and Happiness | p. 345 |
The Cardinal Virtues | p. 347 |
Wisdom and Virtue | p. 349 |
Conditions for Wisdom | p. 350 |
Notes | p. 355 |
References | p. 393 |
Index Locorum | p. 407 |
Index Nominum | p. 419 |
General Index | p. 423 |
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The New copy of this book will include any supplemental materials advertised. Please check the title of the book to determine if it should include any access cards, study guides, lab manuals, CDs, etc.
The Used, Rental and eBook copies of this book are not guaranteed to include any supplemental materials. Typically, only the book itself is included. This is true even if the title states it includes any access cards, study guides, lab manuals, CDs, etc.