The Reading Context Developing College Reading Skills

by Seyler, Dorothy U.

• ISBN13: 9780321104670
• ISBN10: 0321104676
• Edition: 3rd
• Format: Paperback
• Copyright: 2003-07-01
• Publisher: Pearson

Summary

The Reading Contextprovides extensive reading skills practice at a new value price of under $25.Designed for developmental reading courses (Grades 9),The Reading Contextemphasizes reading as a three-step "prepare - read -respond" process. The book starts where developing readers need to start: with an explanation of the context created by author, work, and reader. It also stresses the importance of thinking about who the writer is, what the author's purpose is, what kind of work students are about to read, and what they can expect to gain from it.Reading selections have been chosen to hold student interest while representing the kinds of material they will meet in college assignments -textbook material from business to psychology, from advertising to history, from health to education. Chapters are filled with short prose pieces for illustration and practice, and each chapter concludes with two or three longer reading selections. In each chapter, clear explanations of each reading skill are supported by numerous exercises.

Table of Contents

Preface	p. ix
The Reading Context	p. 1
The Reading Process	p. 3
What Is Reading?	p. 4
The Role of Vocabulary	p. 5
Connecting and Predicting in Reading	p. 5
The Reading Context	p. 8
Your Reading Profile	p. 9
The Engaged Reader	p. 10
Commitment	p. 10
Concentration	p. 12
Cognition (and Metacognition)	p. 15
"Learning to Learn"	p. 17
"The Light Stuff"	p. 19
Reading Actively	p. 26
Why Have a Reading Strategy?	p. 26
Prepare--Read--Respond: How the Parts Connect	p. 27
Prepare	p. 28
Identify the Author and the Work	p. 28
Establish Purpose in Reading	p. 32
Preread: William Barklow, "Hippo Talk"	p. 33
What Do I Already Know?	p. 37
What Do I Already Know about: "Ethics and Public Speaking"?	p. 38
What Will I Learn from Reading?	p. 41
Read	p. 42
Write	p. 42
Guidelines for Annotating	p. 43
An Example of Annotating: Wood and Wood, "Long-Term Memory" and "The Three Processes in Memory: Encoding, Storage, and Retrieval"	p. 43
Monitor	p. 45
Guidelines for Fixing Comprehension	p. 46
Respond: Reflect and Review	p. 48
Reflect	p. 48
Review	p. 50
"Hypnosis"	p. 51
"The Nature of Scientific Inquiry"	p. 56
"The Triumph of the Psycho-Fact: If We Feel It's True, Then It Is--Even If It Isn't"	p. 60
Concentrating on Main Ideas	p. 67
The Role of Previous Knowledge	p. 68
Identifying the Topic	p. 69
Understanding Main Ideas	p. 72
Guidelines for Identifying Main Ideas	p. 73
Identifying a Paragraph's Topic Sentence	p. 75
Placement of the Topic Sentence	p. 75
Paragraphs with an Implied Main Idea	p. 82
Distinguishing among Supporting Details	p. 86
Identifying Main Ideas in Longer Passages	p. 94
"Jeffersonian Idealism and Idealists"	p. 96
"The New Industrial Revolution"	p. 98
"Women in Charge"	p. 100
"The Amish--Gemeinschaft Community in a Gesellschaft Society"	p. 102
"Does Your Body-Talk Do You In?"	p. 106
"The Behavior of the Baboon Has Evolved in a Social Context"	p. 112
Building Word Power	p. 117
Context Clues	p. 118
Definitions	p. 119
Examples	p. 120
Comparison and Contrast	p. 122
Learning from Word Parts: Prefixes, Roots, and Suffixes	p. 126
Common Prefixes (Word Parts Placed at the Beginning of Words)	p. 127
Common Roots (to Which Prefixes and/or Suffixes Are Added)	p. 128
Suffixes (Word Parts Placed at the End of Words)	p. 130
Common Suffixes	p. 130
Using the Dictionary	p. 132
Glossaries	p. 132
Pocket Dictionaries	p. 132
Spelling-Only Dictionaries	p. 132
Desk Dictionaries	p. 133
The Thesaurus	p. 133
Online Help	p. 134
What Each Dictionary Entry Contains	p. 134
Strategies for Learning New Words	p. 139
Guidelines for Learning New Words	p. 139
Using Vocabulary Cards	p. 140
Using New Words	p. 141
Some Important Words from Various Disciplines	p. 142
"Opposing Principles Help Balance Society"	p. 142
"What Is Prejudice?"	p. 146
"Belly Up to the Bar: This Round's on Me"	p. 152
Recognizing a Writer's Structures and Strategies	p. 158
Listing	p. 159
Signal Words for Listing	p. 160
Examples	p. 163
Signal Words for Examples	p. 163
Definition	p. 165
Signal Words for Definitions	p. 166
Ordering: Chronology and Process	p. 168
Signal Words for Ordering	p. 169
Comparison and Contrast	p. 172
Signal Words for Comparison and Contrast	p. 173
Cause and Effect	p. 176
Signal Words for Cause and Effect	p. 177
Problem/Solution	p. 180
Signal Words for Problem/Solution Structures	p. 180
Mixed Patterns	p. 186
"Differences Between Public Speaking and Conversation"	p. 188
"The Effects of the Automobile"	p. 193
"A Hard Look at How We Treat Children"	p. 199
Writing Strategies to Reinforce Reading	p. 204
Why Write?	p. 205
Highlighting/Underlining	p. 205
Guidelines for Highlighting/Underlining	p. 207
Annotating	p. 207
Guidelines for Annotating	p. 208
Outlining	p. 209
Guidelines for Outlining	p. 211
Mapping	p. 215
Guidelines for Mapping	p. 217
Note Taking	p. 218
Paraphrasing	p. 218
Guidelines for Paraphrasing	p. 220
Note Taking: The Cornell Method	p. 221
Guidelines for the Cornell Method	p. 221
Summary	p. 223
"A New World Order?"	p. 224
Guidelines for Summary	p. 225
"The Witchcraft Craze"	p. 226
"The Internet and the World Wide Web"	p. 229
"Computer IQ"	p. 233
"Saved by Immigrants"	p. 238
Reading for College Classes	p. 243
Scanning	p. 243
Guidelines for Scanning	p. 244
"Global Insights"	p. 248
"What Are the Principal Greenhouse Gases, and What Are They Doing in the Air?"	p. 249
Skimming	p. 250
Guidelines for Skimming	p. 252
"The Fit Player"	p. 253
"Sexually Transmitted Disease: A Growing Concern"	p. 255
Reading Graphics	p. 257
How to Read Graphics	p. 257
Guidelines for Reading Graphics	p. 257
Pictures and Photographs	p. 259
Diagrams	p. 261
Maps	p. 261
Tables	p. 264
Graphs and Charts	p. 264
Flowcharts	p. 268
Applying Reading Skills to a Textbook Chapter	p. 268
"Preface," Essentials of Physical Geography; Chapter 9. "The Biosphere"	p. 270
"The Tropical Rainforest"	p. 275
"Rainforest Removal"	p. 276
"How Large Were the Biggest Dinosaurs?"	p. 282
"Crafty Brewers with a Marketing Angle"	p. 286
Studying for College Classes	p. 290
Preparing for Class	p. 290
Participating in Class	p. 291
"Biological Theories on Aging"	p. 293
Strategies for Retention	p. 294
Preparing for Testing	p. 296
Preparing for Short-Answer Forms of Testing	p. 296
Guidelines for Short-Answer Testing	p. 296
"Homo Sapiens"	p. 297
Essay Tests	p. 302
"The Reformation in England"	p. 304
"The Basis of Moral Judgment"	p. 308
"The Impact of Religion on the Landscape"	p. 314
"The Unheeding Addict"	p. 319
Reading Expressive Writing	p. 325
Characteristics of Expressive Writing	p. 326
Connotation	p. 327
Sentence Style	p. 329
Figurative Language	p. 330
Reading Descriptive Essays	p. 333
Reading Narrative Essays	p. 337
Reading Fiction	p. 341
Narrative Structure	p. 342
Character	p. 342
Point of View	p. 343
Style and Tone	p. 344
"The Story of an Hour"	p. 344
Reading Poetry	p. 348
"To Daffodils"	p. 349
"Dream Deferred"	p. 351
"Taxi"	p. 352
"Is My Team Ploughing"	p. 353
"Mrs. Zajac"	p. 355
"The Secret Life of Walter Mitty"	p. 361
"The Chase"	p. 368
Reading--and Thinking--Critically	p. 374
Characteristics of the Critical Reader	p. 376
Understanding Facts	p. 376
Understanding Opinion	p. 378
"Just" an Opinion	p. 380
Personal Preferences	p. 380
Judgments	p. 380
Inferences	p. 381
Guidelines for Evaluating Inferences	p. 382
Guidelines for Evaluating Judgments	p. 383
Recognizing Your Biases	p. 387
The Writer's Stance	p. 388
Attitude	p. 389
Tone	p. 392
Hyperbole, Understatement, and Irony	p. 394
"Unplugged"	p. 396
Evaluating Arguments and Taking a Stand	p. 400
Recognizing Logical Fallacies	p. 400
Taking a Stand	p. 403
from "The Ultimate Punishment: A Defense"	p. 404
from "Capital Punishment"	p. 405
"Why Women Are Paid Less Than Men"	p. 407
"Apologize for Columbus?"	p. 412
"Lemon Bowl"	p. 417
Living and Working in the Twenty-First Century	p. 423
"Environmental Health" (Chapter 23 from Access to Health)	p. 424
"The Noisy Death of Silence"	p. 436
"Visions of the On-Line University--In 3-D"	p. 441
"The Emerging Knowledge Society"	p. 446
"Will Our Future Be Workable?"	p. 452
"Where Is Home?"	p. 456
"A Weapon in the War on Drugs: Dining In"	p. 460
"El Futuro: The New California"	p. 465
"Facing Science Fact--Not Fiction"	p. 470
Glossary	p. 475
Index	p. 483
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