Reason and Responsibility Readings in Some Basic Problems of Philosophy

by Feinberg, Joel; Shafer-Landau, Russ

• ISBN13: 9780495094920
• ISBN10: 0495094927
• Edition: 13th
• Format: Paperback
• Copyright: 2007-03-27
• Publisher: Wadsworth Publishing

Summary

REASON AND RESPONSIBILITY: READINGS IN SOME BASIC PROBLEMS OF PHILOSOPHY has a well-earned reputation for excellence, with a proven selection of high-quality readings that cover centuries of thought and wisdom and include all major issues in metaphysics, epistemology, philosophy of religion, philosophy of mind, and ethics. The book's clear organization structures selections so that readings complement each other guiding you through contrasting positions on key concepts in philosophy. Clear, concise introductions to each Part provide just the right amount of guidance, letting you learn primarily from the readings themselves.

Table of Contents

(1926+2004): In Memoriam Preface

Reason and Religious Belief

The Existence and Nature Of God

Anselm of Canterbury, The Ontological Argument, from Proslogion

Gaunilo of MAarmoutiers, On Behalf of the Fool

The Ontological Argument

The Five Ways, from Summa Theologica

A Modern Formulation of the Cosmological Argument

The Cosmological Argument

The Argument from Design

Dialogues Concerning Natural Religion

The Problem of Evil

Evil and Omnipotence

The Problem of Evil and the Problem of Suffering

Why God Allows Evil. B. C. Johnson, God and the Problem of Evil

Reason and Faith. W. K. Clifford, The Ethics of Belief

The Will to Believe

Without Evidence or Argument

The Wager

Miracles and Testimony

Human Knowledge: its Grounds and Limits

Skepticism

A Brain in a Vat

An Argument for Skepticism

The Problem of the Criterion

Our Knowledge of the External World

Appearance and Reality and the Existence of Matter

RenT Descartes, Meditations on First Philosophy

The Causal Theory of Perception

Of the Principles of Human Knowledge

Of the Existence of a Material World. G. E. Moore, Proof of an External World

The Methods of Science

An Inquiry Concerning Human Understanding

An Encounter with David Hume

Science: Conjectures and Refutations

Believing Where We Cannot Prove

Mind and its Place in Nature

In Defense of Mind+Body Dualism

The Qualia Problem

The Mind Is the Brain

Behaviorism, Materialism and Functionalism

Can Non-Humans Think?

Computing Machinery and Intelligence

Minds, Brains, and Programs

Robots and Minds

Brute Experience

Animal Minds

Personal Identity and the Survival of Death 365 John Locke, The Prince and the Cobbler

Of Mr. Locke+s Account of Our Personal Identity

The Self

Divided Minds and the Nature of Persons

Where Am I? John Perry, A Dialogue on Personal Identity and Immortality

Determinism, Free Will, and Responsibility

Compatibilism: The Case for Determinism and its Compatibility With the Most Important Sense of Free Will

Freedom and Necessity

The Problem of Free Will

My Compatibilism

Libertarianism: The Case For Free Will and Its Incompatibility With Determinism

Roderick M. Chisholm, Human Freedom and the Self

Free Will: Ancient Dispute, New Themes

Hard Determinism: The Case for Determinism and its Incompatibility With any Important Sense of Free Will

The Illusion of Free Will

Why We Have No Free Will and Can Live Without It

Freedom and Moral Responsibility

The Debate over Free Will

Alternate Possibilities and Moral Responsibility

Moral Luck

Sanity and the Metaphysics of Responsibility

Morality and its Critics Challenges to Morality

Joel Feinberg, Psychological Egoism

James Rachels, Ethical Egoism

Plato, The Immoralist+s Challenge

Friedrich Nietzsche, Master and Slave Morality

Proposed Standards of Right Conduct

Ethical Subjectivism

Trying Out One+s New Sword

Aristotle, The Nature of Virtue, from Nicomachean Ethics

Leviathan

Justice as Fairness

God and Morality

The Good Will & The Categorical Imperative

Utilitarianism

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