Refrigeration and A/C Technology Lab Manual

by Whitman, Bill; Johnson, Bill; Tomczyck, John

• ISBN13: 9781401837662
• ISBN10: 1401837662
• Edition: 5th
• Format: Paperback
• Copyright: 2004-10-13
• Publisher: CENGAGE Delmar Learning

Table of Contents

Preface	vii
Tools List: Operating Systems, Air Conditioning and Refrigeration Service Equipment, Tools, Materials, and Supplies List	ix
Theory	1	(2)
Matter and Energy	3	(2)
Refrigeration and Refrigerants	5	(4)
General Safety Practices	9	(4)
Tools and Equipment	13	(2)
Fasteners	15	(2)
Tubing and Piping	17	(10)
Flaring Tubing	19	(4)
Soldering and Brazing	23	(4)
System Evacuation	27	(14)
Standing Pressure Test	29	(4)
Performing a Deep Vacuum	33	(4)
Triple Evacuation	37	(4)
Refrigerant and Oil Chemistry and Management---Recovery/Recycling/Reclaiming and Retrofitting	41	(6)
Refrigerant Recovery	45	(2)
System Charging	47	(10)
Charging a System	49	(4)
Charging a System with Refrigerant Using Scales	53	(4)
Calibrating Instruments	57	(10)
Calibrating Thermometers	59	(4)
Checking Accuracy or Calibration of Electrical Instruments	63	(4)
Basic Electricity and Magnetism	67	(8)
Making Voltage and Amperage Readings with a VOM	69	(4)
Measuring Resistance and Using Ohm's Law	73	(2)
Introduction to Automatic Controls	75	(6)
Automatic Controls	77	(4)
Automatic Control Components and Applications	81	(14)
Controlling Temperature	85	(4)
Pressure Sensing Devices	89	(4)
Controlling the Head Pressure in a Water-Cooled Refrigeration System	93	(2)
Troubleshooting Basic Controls	95	(4)
Troubleshooting Controls	97	(2)
Advanced Automatic Controls	99	(2)
Types of Electric Motors	101	(8)
Identification of Electric Motors	103	(4)
Compressor Winding Identification	107	(2)
Application of Motors	109	(4)
Motor Application and Features	111	(2)
Motor Controls	113	(4)
Identification of a Relay, Contactor, and Starter	115	(2)
Troubleshooting Electric Motors	117	(8)
Belt-Drive Motors	119	(2)
Examination of a Hermetic Compressor Electric Motor	121	(2)
Checking a Capacitor with an Ohmmeter	123	(2)
Evaporators and the Refrigeration System	125	(8)
Evaporator Functions and Superheat	127	(2)
Evaporator Performance	129	(2)
Checking an Evaporator While Under Excessive Load	131	(2)
Condensers	133	(12)
Condenser Functions and Superheat	135	(4)
Air-Cooled Condenser Performance	139	(2)
Evaluation of a Water-Cooled Condenser	141	(2)
Determining the Correct Head Pressure	143	(2)
Compressors	145	(10)
Compressor Operating Temperatures	147	(4)
Compressor Efficiency	151	(2)
Hermetic Compressor Change Out	153	(2)
Expansion Devices	155	(18)
Evaluating a Thermostatic Expansion Device	159	(2)
Troubleshooting Exercise: Refrigerated Cooler with TXV	161	(2)
Capillary Tube System Evaluation	163	(2)
Troubleshooting Exercise: Hermetic Compressor and Capillary Tube System	165	(2)
Troubleshooting Exercise: Hermetic Compressor and Capillary Tube System	167	(2)
Changing a Thermostatic Expansion Valve	169	(4)
Special Refrigeration System Components	173	(8)
Pumping Refrigerant into the Receiver	177	(2)
Adjusting the Crankcase Pressure Regulator (CPR) Valve	179	(2)
Application of Refrigeration Systems	181	(4)
Application and Evaluation of a Refrigeration System	183	(2)
Commercial Ice Machines	185	(12)
Ice Maker Data and Familiarization	189	(2)
Ice-Making Methods	191	(2)
Cleaning and Sanitizing an Ice Machine	193	(4)
Special Refrigeration Applications	197	(2)
Troubleshooting and Typical Operating Conditions for Commercial Refrigeration	199	(8)
Situational Service Ticket	201	(2)
Situational Service Ticket	203	(2)
Situational Service Ticket	205	(2)
Electric Heat	207	(28)
Electric Furnace Familiarization	209	(2)
Determining Airflow (CFM) by Using the Air Temperature Rise	211	(2)
Setting the Heat Anticipator for an Electric Furnace	213	(2)
Low-Voltage Control Circuits Used in Electric Heat	215	(2)
Checking a Package Sequencer	217	(2)
Checking Electric Heating Elements Using an Ammeter	219	(4)
Troubleshooting Exercise: Electric Furnace	223	(2)
Troubleshooting Exercise: Electric Furnace	225	(2)
Troubleshooting Exercise: Electric Furnace	227	(2)
Changing a Sequencer	229	(2)
Situational Service Ticket	231	(2)
Situational Service Ticket	233	(2)
Gas Heat	235	(38)
Gas Furnace Familiarization	239	(2)
Identification of the Pilot Safety Feature of a Gas Furnace	241	(2)
Gas Furnace Heat Sensing Elements	243	(2)
Gas Valve, Blower Fan Motor, Blower, and Draft Analysis	245	(4)
Wiring for a Gas Furnace	249	(2)
Maintenance of Gas Burners	251	(2)
Checking a Gas Furnace for Correct Venting	253	(2)
Combustion Analysis of a Gas Furnace	255	(2)
Determining Airflow (CFM) Using the Air Temperature Rise Method	257	(2)
Main Burner, Pilot Burner, Fan and Limit Control, Transformer, and Thermostat Analysis	259	(2)
Troubleshooting Exercise: Gas Furnace with Standing Pilot	261	(2)
Troubleshooting Exercise: Gas Furnace with Spark Ignition	263	(2)
Changing a Gas Valve on a Gas Furnace	265	(2)
Changing a Fan Motor on a Gas Furnace	267	(2)
Situational Service Ticket	269	(2)
Situational Service Ticket	271	(2)
Oil Heat	273	(22)
Familiarization with Oil Furnace Components	275	(2)
Oil Burner Maintenance	277	(2)
Electronic Controls for Oil Burners	279	(2)
Checking the Fan and Limit Control	281	(2)
Adjusting an Oil Burner Pump Pressure	283	(2)
Combustion Analysis of an Oil Burner	285	(2)
Troubleshooting Exercise: Oil Furnace	287	(2)
Troubleshooting Exercise: Oil Furnace	289	(2)
Situational Service Ticket	291	(2)
Situational Service Ticket	293	(2)
Hydronic Heat	295	(6)
Filling a Hot-Water Heating System	297	(2)
Filling an Expansion Tank on a Hot-Water Heating System	299	(2)
Indoor Air Quality	301	(4)
Humidification	303	(2)
Comfort and Psychrometrics	305	(4)
Comfort Conditions	307	(2)
Refrigeration Applied to Air Conditioning	309	(6)
Air Conditioning Component Familiarization	313	(2)
Air Distribution and Balance	315	(6)
Evaluating Duct Size	317	(2)
Airflow Measurements	319	(2)
Installation	321	(10)
Evaluating an Air-Conditioning Installation	323	(2)
Using the Halide Leak Detector	325	(2)
Using Electronic Leak Detectors	327	(2)
Start-up and Checkout of an Air-Conditioning System	329	(2)
Controls	331	(4)
Identifying Controls of a Central Air-Conditioning System	333	(2)
Typical Operating Conditions	335	(6)
Evaporator Operating Conditions	337	(2)
Condenser Operating Conditions	339	(2)
Troubleshooting	341	(20)
Manufacturer's Charging Procedure	343	(2)
Charging a System in the Field Using Typical Conditions (Fixed-Bore Metering Device)	345	(2)
Charging a System in the Field Using Typical Conditions (Thermostatic Expansion Valve)	347	(2)
Troubleshooting Exercise: Central Air-Conditioning with Fixed-Bore Metering Device	349	(2)
Troubleshooting Exercise: Central Air-Conditioning with Fixed-Bore Metering Device	351	(2)
Changing a Hermetic Compressor	353	(2)
Changing an Evaporator in an Air-Conditioning System	355	(2)
Situational Service Ticket	357	(2)
Situational Service Ticket	359	(2)
Electric, Gas, and Oil Heat with Electric Air-Conditioning	361	(4)
Control Checkout for an All-Weather System	363	(2)
Air Source Heat Pumps	365	(30)
Familiarization with Air-to-Air Heat Pump Components	369	(2)
Using Manufacturer's Information to Check Heat Pump Performance	371	(2)
Heat Pump Performance Check While in Cooling Mode	373	(2)
Checking the Control Circuit in the Emergency and Auxiliary Heat Modes	375	(2)
Checking the Four-Way Valve During the Heating and Cooling Cycles	377	(2)
Checking Low-Voltage Field Control Circuits at the Individual Components	379	(4)
Troubleshooting Exercise: Heat Pump	383	(2)
Troubleshooting Exercise: Heat Pump	385	(2)
Changing a Four-Way Valve on a Heat Pump	387	(2)
Wiring a Split System Heat Pump, Low-Voltage Control Wiring	389	(2)
Situational Service Ticket	391	(2)
Situational Service Ticket	393	(2)
Geothermal Heat Pumps	395	(6)
Familiarization with Geothermal Heat Pumps	397	(2)
Checking the Water Flow, Geothermal Heat Pumps	399	(2)
Domestic Refrigerators	401	(24)
Domestic Refrigerator Familiarization	403	(2)
Refrigerator Temperature Conditions During Pull Down	405	(2)
Charging a Refrigerator Using the Frost-Line Method	407	(2)
Pressure and Temperature Readings While Refrigerated Box Is Pulling Down in Temperature	409	(2)
Testing a Compressor Electrically	411	(2)
Troubleshooting Exercise: Refrigerator	413	(2)
Troubleshooting Exercise: Refrigerator	415	(2)
Removing the Moisture from a Refrigerator After an Evaporator Leak	417	(2)
Changing a Compressor on a Refrigerator	419	(2)
Situational Service Ticket	421	(2)
Situational Service Ticket	423	(2)
Domestic Freezers	425	(10)
Domestic Freezer Familiarization	427	(2)
Charging a Freezer by the Frost-Line Method	429	(2)
Charging a Freezer Using a Measured Change	431	(2)
Freezer Gasket Examination	433	(2)
Room Air Conditioners	435	(10)
Window Air-Conditioner Familiarization	437	(2)
Checking the Charge Without Gages	439	(2)
Charging a Window Unit by the Sweat-Line Method	441	(2)
Charging a Unit Using Scales or a Charging Cylinder	443	(2)
High-Pressure, Low-Pressure and Absorption Chilled Water Systems	445	(4)
Cooling Towers and Pumps	449	(2)
Operation, Maintenance, and Troubleshooting of Chilled-Water Air-Conditioning Systems	451