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Brief Contents | |
Preface | |
Acknowledgement | |
Biochemistry: Subject Overview | |
Central Themes | |
Central Dogma of Molecular Biology | |
Cell Biology Review | |
The Animal Cell | |
The Plant Cell | |
Selected Organelles | |
The Cell Cycle: Mitotic Cell Division | |
Viruses | |
Chemistry Review | |
Organic Compounds | |
Chirality | |
Chemical Reactions | |
Physical Chemistry Concepts | |
Buffering of Blood: The Bicarbonate System | |
Amino Acids | |
Basic Structures | |
Amino acid 'R Groups' | |
Ionization Properties | |
Drawing Peptide Titration Plots | |
Factors That Influence the pKa of Protonatable/Deprotonatable Groups in Proteins | |
Proteins | |
Peptide Bonds | |
Purification and Characterization of Proteins | |
Protein Structure | |
Conformation | |
Classification of Substructure | |
Alpha (?) Helices | |
Beta Sheets | |
U-Turns | |
Ramachandran Plot | |
Stabilizing Factors | |
Thermodynamics of Protein Folding: The Hydrophobic Effect | |
Temperature-Dependant Denaturation | |
Chaotropes and The Hofmeister Series | |
Sodium Dodecyl Sulfate (SDS): Chaotrope Action | |
Visualizing the Energy Landscape | |
Protein Maturation | |
Ligand Binding and Functional Control | |
Oxygen Transport in Blood | |
Hemoglobin Oxygen Binding: Cooperativity | |
Antibodies: Immunological Recognition | |
Enzymes | |
Enzymes are Biological Catalysts | |
Enzyme Function: Activity Assays and Enzyme Kinetics | |
Requirements for Catalysis | |
Comparing Enzymes and Relative Efficiency of Use of Substrates | |
Drug Design | |
Enzyme Inhibitors | |
Allosterism | |
Phosphorylation and Dephosphorylation | |
Metabolic Enzyme Action | |
Enzyme Mechanisms | |
Modes of Catalysis | |
The Reaction Coordinate | |
Induced Fit Revisited | |
Acid-Base Catalysis | |
Covalent Group Transfer | |
The Serine Protease Catalytic Triad Mechanism | |
The Active Site of Tyrosyl-t | |
RNA Synthetase | |
Coenzymes | |
Classification | |
Survey of the Coenzymes | |
3 Metals | |
Carbohydrates-Based Cofactors | |
Fat Soluble Vitamins | |
Carbohydrates and Glycoconjugates | |
Carbohydrates: Definition | |
Monosaccharides: Aldoses | |
Monosaccharides: Ketoses | |
Structural Features | |
Intramolecular Cyclization | |
Conformations: Sugar Puckers | |
Sugar Derivatives | |
Disaccharides | |
Polysaccharides | |
Carbohydrate-Protein Conjugates | |
Synthesis and Structural Characterization | |
Lipids | |
Structural Overview | |
Saturated and Unsaturated Fatty Acids | |
Functions | |
Diacylglycerol Lipid Derivatives | |
Structural Motifs | |
Assembly | |
Structural and Dynamic Characterization | |
Eicosanoids | |
Phospholipases | |
Phosphoinositides | |
Steroids | |
A Potpourri of Lipids | |
Membranes | |
The Fluid Mosaic Model | |
Detergents | |
Distribution of Lipids in Biological Membranes | |
The Hydropathicity Scale | |
Lipid-Anchored Membrane Proteins | |
The Erythrocyte Cytoskeleton | |
Transport Through Membranes | |
The Transmembrane Potential | |
Active Transport | |
Ionophores | |
The Acetylcholine Receptor Ion Channel | |
Lactose Permease and Secondary Active Transport | |
Mechanism of Transport by Na+, K+ ATPase | |
Ion Channel Blockers | |
Signal Transduction | |
Signaling Pathways: Hormones, GTPases, Second Messengers and Intracellular Regulation | |
The Adenylate Cyclase Signaling Pathway | |
The Inositol-Phospholipid Signaling Pathway | |
Phorbol Myristyl Acetate | |
The Insulin Receptor | |
Glucagon | |
G-Proteins | |
Nucleic Acids: DNA | |
DNA and RNA | |
Physical Properties | |
Secondary Structure | |
Backbone Structure | |
Counterions | |
Chemical Synthesis | |
Watson-Crick Base Pairs | |
Structural Modifications | |
Three-Dimensional Structures | |
Recognition of Sequences | |
Genetic Mutations and Antisense Nucleic Acids | |
Unusual DNA | |
Stabilization of Nucleic Acids | |
Secondary Structure Predictions | |
Chromosomes | |
Some Protein Nucleic Acid Binding Motifs | |
Recombination | |
RNA | |
Cells Contain a Variety of Types of RNA | |
RNAs Have Stable Secondary Structure | |
Tertiary Structure: Transfer RNA | |
Messenger RNA (mRNA) | |
Eukaryotic Messenger RNA | |
Alkaline Hydrolysis of RNA | |
Small Interfering RNA | |
Biotechnology | |
Restriction Endonucleases | |
Cloning in a Nutshell | |
DNA Preparation: Phenol-Chloroform Extraction | |
Polymerase Chain Reaction | |
Probe DNA | |
Metabolism | |
Overview | |
Metabolic Pathway Types | |
Energy Conservation | |
Key Pathways/Reactions | |
Bioenergetics | |
Reaction Equilibria: Standard and Actual Free Energies | |
Metabolically Irreversible and Near Equilibrium Reactions | |
Energies and Regulation of Glycolysis | |
Bioelectrochemistry | |
Redox Reaction Principles | |
Redox Energetics: The Nernst Equation | |
Electron Transport Chains | |
Glycolysis | |
Reactions 1 Through | |
Regulation: Activation and Inhibition | |
Four Fates of Pyruvate | |
The Krebs Cycle | |
Pathway | |
Reactions | |
Yields | |
Cellular Redox Potential | |
Regulation | |
Gluconeogenesis | |
Reactions | |
Regulation | |
Sources Used to Produce Glucose | |
Electron Transport and Oxidative Phosphorylation | |
Mitochondria in Red and White Muscle | |
Overall Process | |
Chemical and Potential Energies That Drive Proton Transport | |
Mitochondrial Electron Transport | |
Electron Transfer and Proton Flow in Complexes I through IV | |
Oxidative Phosphorylation | |
The Malate-Aspartate Shuttle and Proteomics | |
Getting NADH Into the Mitochondrion: Isozymes | |
Isozymes and Proteomics | |
Characterization by Two-dimensional Gel Electrophoresis | |
Mass Spectrometry and Proteomics | |
Degradation and Synthesis of Lipids | |
Beta Oxidation of Saturated Fatty Acids | |
Biosynthesis of Fatty Acids | |
Length Determination of Fatty Acids | |
Synthesis of Acidic Phospholipids | |
Cholesterol Biosynthesis | |
Regulating Cholesterol Levels | |
Photosynthesis | |
Light and Dark Reactions | |
Photo-Gathering Pigments | |
Photosynthetic Electron Transport Pathway (Z scheme) | |
The Calvin Cycle | |
The Dark Reactions: Carbon Fixation | |
Biosynthesis of Ribose-5-phosphate | |
RuBis CO Mechanism | |
The C4 and CAM Pathways | |
The Urea Cycle | |
Purpose and Reactions | |
Regulation | |
Comparative Nitrogen Excretion | |
Protein Degradation and Programmed Cell Death | |
Study Guide | |
Review Session for Chapters 1 û 3 | |
Review Session for Chapter 4 | |
Review Session for Chapters 5 and 6 | |
Review Session for Chapters 7 - 8.6 | |
Review Sessions for Chapters 8.7 - 8.8 | |
Review Session for Chapter 9 | |
Review Session for Chapters 10 - 11.4 | |
Review Session for Chapters 10 - 11.4: Key | |
Review Session for Chapters 11.5 - 12.5 | |
Review Session for Chapters 11.5 - 12.5: Key | |
Review Session for Chapters 13 - 14.7 | |
Review Session for Chapters 13 - 14.7: Key | |
Review Session for Chapters 16.2 - 17.6 | |
Review Session for Chapters 16.2 - 17.6: Key | |
Review Session for Chapters 19 û 20 | |
Table of Contents provided by Publisher. All Rights Reserved. |
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