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9780205306503

Career Information, Career Counseling, and Career Development

by ;
  • ISBN13:

    9780205306503

  • ISBN10:

    0205306500

  • Edition: 7th
  • Format: Hardcover
  • Copyright: 1999-09-01
  • Publisher: Allyn & Bacon
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Summary

Career Information, Career Counseling, and Career Development is a comprehensive, up-to-date text on career development written by two of the leading experts in the area. The seventh edition contains a stronger emphasis on technology and cross-cultural issues. As in previous editions, career development theory, career information, career counseling practice, and career development programming are all covered in extensive detail. The text carefully describes the process of finding and securing jobs in an electronic era and presents students with the trends that are shaping the workplace today and those that will continue to influence their careers over the next decade.

Table of Contents

Preface xv
PART 1 Foundations of Career Development
Introduction to Career Information, Career Counseling, and Career Development
1(16)
The Language of Career Development
4(10)
The Meaning of Work
5(6)
Defining Position, Job, Occupation, Career, and Career Development
11(3)
Organizations and Publications
14(1)
Summary
14(1)
References
15(2)
Theories of Career Choice and Development
17(44)
The Purposes and Evaluation of Theory
17(4)
A History of Career Development Theorizing
18(3)
Introduction to the Theories
21(1)
Trait and Factor Theories
22(6)
Holland's Theory of Vocational Choice
22(4)
Theory of Work Adjustment (TWA)
26(2)
The Developmental Theories
28(10)
Super's Life-Span, Life-Space Theory
29(7)
Gottfredson's Theory of Circumscription and Compromise
36(2)
Theories Based in Learning Theory
38(2)
Krumboltz's Social Learning Theory
38(2)
Socioeconomic Theories
40(1)
Status Attainment Theory
40(1)
Dual Labor Market Theory
41(1)
Recent Theoretical Statements
41(10)
A Social-Cognitive Perspective
42(1)
A Career Information Processing Model of Career Choice
43(1)
A Values-Based Model of Career and Life-Role Choices and Satisfaction
44(1)
Variables That Influence Career Choice and Satisfaction
45(2)
Propositions of Brown's Values-Based Theory
47(3)
A Contexualist Theory of Career
50(1)
Theories of Decision Making
51(2)
Summary
53(1)
References
53(8)
Factors Influencing Workers and Their Careers
61(32)
Internal Factors
62(8)
Generic Characteristics
62(3)
Personal-Psychological Characteristics
65(3)
Personal-Sociological Characteristics
68(2)
External Factors
70(19)
Work Situation
70(5)
Sociological Influences
75(7)
Economic Aspects
82(7)
Summary
89(1)
References
89(4)
PART 2 The World of Work
Occupational Structure Today and Tomorrow
93(24)
Causes of Long-Term Trends
94(3)
Population Factors
94(1)
Sociological Factors
95(1)
Economic Factors
96(1)
Technological Factors
97(1)
Causes of Short-Term Trends
97(1)
The Occupational World through 2005
98(12)
Industrial Grouping
99(4)
Occupational Grouping
103(4)
Present and Future Numbers
107(3)
Sources of Information on Change and Structure
110(5)
Summary
115(1)
References
116(1)
Important Websites
116(1)
The Dictionary of Occupational Titles Guide for Occupational Exploration, and O*NET
117(28)
Dictionary of Occupational Titles
118(10)
Occupational Code Number
118(7)
Occupational Title
125(1)
Industry Designation
125(1)
Alternate Title
126(1)
Definition
126(1)
Undefined Related Titles
127(1)
Definition Trailer
127(1)
Using the DOT
127(1)
Guide for Occupational Exploration
128(4)
Selected Characteristic of Occupations Defined in the Dictionary of Occupational Titles
132(1)
O*NET and the Future of the DOT
132(10)
The Content Model: Definitions
134(1)
Development of the Classification System
135(1)
Assigning Occupational Unit (OU) Codes
135(1)
Development and Presentation of the Database
136(5)
Using the O*NET Database
141(1)
Summary
142(1)
References
142(3)
Other Classification Systems
145(22)
Roe's Field and Level Classification System
146(1)
Holland's Classification System
147(4)
The World-of-Work Map
151(4)
Minnesota Occupational Classification System III (MOC III)
155(3)
Standard Occupational Classification (SOC)
158(4)
North America Industry Classification System (NAICS)
162(3)
Summary
165(1)
References
165(2)
PART 3 Information about the World of Work
Finding and Organizing Career and Labor Market Information
167(42)
Two Types of Information
168(16)
Subtypes of Information
170(1)
The Pros and Cons of Different Types of Information
170(3)
Occupational: Print and On-Line
173(6)
Educational: Print and On-Line
179(3)
Audiovisual and Programmed Material
182(1)
Games
183(1)
Children's Materials
183(1)
Career Information Delivery Systems(CIDS)
183(1)
Interviews with Workers
184(5)
Career Day
185(2)
Career Conferences
187(1)
Post-High School Opportunity Programs
188(1)
Simulation of Work Environments
189(1)
Direct Experiences: Observation, Exploration, and Tryout
190(2)
Career Resource Centers
192(4)
Basic Criteria
193(1)
Operational Decisions
194(2)
Collecting and Evaluating Materials
196(9)
Criteria for Collecting Material
196(2)
Initiating a Collection
198(3)
Managing Materials
201(1)
Filing Educational Materials
202(1)
Unbound Occupational Materials
203(2)
Filing Bound Occupational Materials
205(1)
Summary
205(1)
References
206(2)
Important Websites
208(1)
Computer-Assisted Career Guidance Systems (CACGS)
209(24)
Historical Background
209(2)
Why Use CACGS?
211(2)
Who Can Benefit from CACGS?
211(2)
How Effective are CACGS and What are Their Benefits?
213(1)
Ethical Considerations and CACGS Usage
214(1)
Which CACGS? Components and Costs
214(1)
Widely Used Systems
215(13)
Career Information System (CIS)
215(4)
Guidance Information System (GIS)
219(2)
Discover
221(3)
System of Interactive Guidance and Information (SIGI)
224(3)
Other Systems
227(1)
Present Status of CACGS
228(2)
Future Possibilities
229(1)
Summary
230(1)
References
230(3)
PART 4 The Career Development Process
Systematic Career Development Programming: Application to Elementary and Middle Schools
233(32)
Historical Background
233(2)
Programming for Career Development
235(13)
Program Development and Change
236(1)
Conceptualizing Career Development Programs
236(1)
Developing a Program Philosophy
237(1)
Establishing Needs
238(2)
After the Needs Assessment
240(1)
Writing Goals, Objectives, and Establishing Criteria for Successes
240(2)
Program Evaluation
242(4)
Program Implementation
246(2)
The Institutions
248(10)
The Students: Elementary School
249(4)
The Students: Middle School
253(5)
Role Relationships
258(1)
Helping Parents Understand and Accept Their Role in Career Development
259(2)
Summary
261(1)
References
261(4)
Career Development in the High School
265(28)
Background
265(4)
High School Students
269(1)
The Institution
270(1)
Developing the Program
270(2)
Delivery Mechanisms
272(6)
Classrooms and Groups
272(4)
Small Groups
276(2)
Life Planning Classes and Groups
278(1)
Resources for Classes and Groups
278(4)
Publications
278(1)
School Resources
279(1)
Community Resources
280(1)
Internships and Youth Apprenticeships
281(1)
Other Interventions
282(7)
Career Counseling
282(3)
Involving Parents
285(1)
Programs for Special Students
285(3)
Part-Time Job Placement
288(1)
Assessment
288(1)
Consultation
289(1)
Summary
289(1)
References
290(3)
Career Development in Four-Year Colleges, Community Colleges, and Vocational-Technical Schools
293(20)
The Students
294(1)
The Institutions
295(2)
Career Development Programs
297(3)
Developing the Program
297(3)
Specific Activities
300(9)
Advising
300(1)
Courses
300(3)
Brief Interventions
303(1)
Self-Directed Activities
304(1)
Information
305(1)
Consultation
305(1)
Career Counseling
306(1)
Career Resource Centers
307(1)
Major Fairs
308(1)
Peer Counseling Programs
308(1)
Assessment
308(1)
Program Evaluation
309(1)
Summary
310(1)
References
310(3)
Career Development Needs of Special Groups
313(32)
Special-Needs Groups
314(7)
Physically and Mentally Challenged Clients
314(5)
Economically Disadvantaged Clients
319(2)
Cultural, Racial, and Ethnic Minorities
321(4)
Delayed Entrants
325(6)
Late-Entry Women
326(2)
Former Military Personnel
328(2)
Prior Offenders
330(1)
Midlife Changers
331(4)
Voluntary Changers
332(1)
Involuntary Changers
333(2)
Older Workers
335(3)
Summary
338(1)
References
339(6)
PART 5 Career Development Procedures
Testing and Assessment in Career Development
345(35)
Types of Assessment
347(1)
Qualitative Assessment Devices
348(6)
Self-Efficacy Measurements
348(4)
Role Playing
352(1)
Card Sorts
352(1)
Genogram
353(1)
Support for Use of Qualitative Devices
354(1)
Quantitative and Objective Assessment Devices
354(16)
Needs and Work Values Inventories
354(2)
Support for the Use of Values Inventories
356(1)
Interest Inventories
357(4)
Interest Assessment On-Line
361(1)
Support for the Use of Interest Inventories
362(1)
Personality Inventories
363(1)
Support for the Use of Personality Inventories
364(1)
Multiple Aptitude Test Batteries
365(1)
Support for the Use of Aptitude Batteries
366(1)
Diagnostic Inventories
366(2)
Support for the Use of Diagnostic Inventories
368(1)
Multipurpose Tests and Inventories
368(2)
Support for Using Multipurpose Tests and Inventories
370(1)
Selecting Assessment Devices
370(2)
Technical Qualities
370(1)
Gender and Culture Bias
371(1)
Other Issues
372(1)
Interpreting Results
372(1)
The Internet as a Resource in the Assessment Process
373(1)
Summary
374(1)
References
375(5)
Career Counseling
380(33)
Background
380(1)
Career Counseling Defined
380(3)
Theoretical Bases
383(5)
The Career Counseling Process
388(9)
Relationship/Structure
389(1)
Assessment
390(1)
Goal Setting
391(1)
Intervention
391(6)
Clients
397(7)
Women
398(1)
Men
398(1)
Minorities and Majorities
399(1)
People at Midlife
400(1)
Adolescents and Young Adults
401(1)
Multipotential Clients
401(1)
Clients with Disabilities
402(1)
Dual-Earner and Dual-Career Clients
402(2)
Case Study
404(3)
Credentialing Career Counselors
407(1)
Summary
408(1)
References
409(4)
Preparing for Work
413(30)
High School Preparation for Work
413(5)
Vocational Education
414(1)
Work Experience Programs
415(3)
Outside the Classroom---No Diploma Required
418(3)
On-the-Job Training
418(1)
Job Training Partnership Act (JTPA)
419(2)
Outside the Classroom---High School Diploma Preferred or Required
421(8)
Apprenticeship Programs
421(6)
Military Training
427(2)
Postsecondary Nondegree Schools
429(4)
Trade, Vocational, and Technical Schools
429(1)
Community Colleges and Junior Colleges
430(3)
Colleges and Universities
433(8)
Kinds of Programs
434(1)
Admissions Requirements
435(1)
Factors to Consider in Choosing a College
436(2)
Accreditation
438(1)
Financial Aid
439(1)
Sources of Information
440(1)
Continuing Education
440(1)
Summary
441(1)
References
441(1)
Important Websites
442(1)
Job Placement, Outplacement, and the Job Search Process
443(22)
Job Placement Services
444(9)
Public Employment Services
444(2)
Private Employment Agencies
446(1)
Secondary and Postsecondary Placement Services
447(3)
On-Line Job Placement Centers
450(1)
Outplacement Services
451(2)
Employability Skills
453(2)
People with Disabilities
454(1)
Executing the Job Search
455(7)
The Internet
456(6)
Summary
462(1)
References
462(2)
Important Websites
464(1)
PART 6 Special Settings and Future Possibilities
Career Development in Business and Industry
465(21)
Programming for Career Development
466(2)
Rationale
467(1)
Initiating the Program
468(6)
Early Steps
468(1)
Needs Assessment
469(5)
Designing the Program
474(7)
The Essential Components
476(4)
Integration with HRD
480(1)
Program Implementation
481(1)
Benefits
482(1)
Summary
483(1)
References
483(3)
Career Counselors in Private Practice
486(16)
Qualifications
486(1)
Guidelines for Consumers
487(1)
Establishing a Private Practice
488(7)
Types of Services
489(2)
Location of the Office
491(1)
Services to Be Offered
491(1)
Marketing the Service
492(3)
Budgeting
495(6)
Fees
498(1)
Billing
499(1)
Other Business Details
500(1)
Summary
501(1)
References
501(1)
Trends and Issues in Career Information, Career Counseling, and Career Development Programming
502(11)
Career Information
504(3)
Career Counseling
507(2)
Career Development Programming
509(1)
Summary
509(1)
References
510(3)
Name Index 513(8)
Subject Index 521

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