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9780736045131

Physical Activity Instruction of Older Adults

by ;
  • ISBN13:

    9780736045131

  • ISBN10:

    0736045139

  • Format: Hardcover
  • Copyright: 2004-11-24
  • Publisher: Human Kinetics
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Summary

Physical Activity Instruction of Older Adultsis the first book to detail the fundamental knowledge and skills associated with the training modules outlined in the International Curriculum Guidelines for Preparing Physical Activity Instructors of Older Adults. The curriculum guidelines, published in 2004, were developed by an international coalition of senior fitness specialists.Physical Activity Instruction of Older Adultspresents the competency-based objectives that fitness instructors should know and be able to perform to lead safe and effective physical activity programs for older adults with diverse functional capabilities.A comprehensive blend of theory, practical content, and detailed instruction, the text is organized into five parts: Part Iintroduces the new field of gerokinesiology; provides an overview of the aging process; and discusses the benefits of an active lifestyle in disease prevention, health promotion, and quality of life. Part IIprovides information and guidelines for preexercise screenings and assessments, client feedback, and goal setting. Part IIIfocuses on the core fitness and skill components of a well-rounded physical activity program for older adults, including warm-up and cool-down, flexibility and resistance training, aerobic exercise, and balance and mobility training. Part IVintroduces specialty program and training methods, including exercise such as yoga, aquatic exercise, and master athlete training. Part Vcovers how to apply principles of motor learning to program design; teaching, leadership, and motivational skills; special considerations for specific medical conditions; and legal and professional ethics and standards for instructors.Application activities at the end of each chapter help the reader to synthesize the information and prepare them to design well-rounded physical activity programs for older adults. Other student-friendly elements include chapter objectives, introductions, summaries, study questions, key terms, and key points. In addition, numerous photos, figures, and tables make the book not just interesting, but visually appealing as well. This book is ideal for undergraduate students, and it is an excellent reference for physical activity instructors of older adults, fitness specialists, personal trainers, and activity directors.

Table of Contents

Contributors xii
Preface xiii
Acknowledgments xvii
PART I Overview of Aging and Physical Activity
xviii
The Field of Gerokinesiology
3(8)
Demographics of Older Adults
4(1)
Benefits of Physical Activity
5(1)
Defining Old Age
6(1)
Gerokinesiology: A New Field of Study
7(1)
Curriculum Development
8(1)
Summary
9(1)
Key Terms
9(1)
Recommended Readings
9(1)
Study Questions
9(1)
Application Activities
10(1)
Predictors of Successful Aging
11(12)
Biological Theories of Aging
12(2)
Psychological Theories of Aging
14(3)
Sociological Theories of Aging
17(1)
Physical Activity As a Determinant of Successful Aging
17(2)
Summary
19(1)
Key Terms
20(1)
Recommended Readings
20(1)
Study Questions
20(1)
Application Activities
21(2)
Psychological and Sociocultural Aspects of Physical Activity for Older Adults
23(14)
Aging Stereotypes
24(3)
Physical Activity, Psychological Well-Being, and Quality of Life
27(5)
Social Implications of Regular Physical Activity
32(1)
Promoting Physical Activity
33(1)
Summary
34(1)
Key Terms
35(1)
Recommended Readings
35(1)
Study Questions
35(1)
Application Activities
36(1)
Physiological Aspects of Aging
37(17)
Cardiovascular and Respiratory Function
39(4)
Muscle Function
43(2)
Joint Mobility
45(1)
Bone Mass
46(1)
Neurological Function
47(3)
Summary
50(1)
Key Terms
51(1)
Recommended Readings
51(1)
Study Questions
51(1)
Application Activities
52(2)
PART II Screening, Assessment, and Goal Setting
54(74)
Preexercise and Health Screening
57(24)
Preexercise Screening
59(3)
Screening Steps
62(12)
Additional Screening Tools
74(3)
Implications for Program Design and Management
77(1)
Summary
77(1)
Key Terms
78(1)
Recommended Readings
78(1)
Study Questions
78(1)
Application Activities
79(2)
Field-Based Physical and Mobility Assessments
81(14)
Functional Fitness Framework
82(1)
Considerations for Test Selection and Evaluation
83(3)
Recommended Assessment Tools
86(2)
Guidelines for Group Testing
88(2)
Interpreting Test Results
90(1)
Summary
90(2)
Key Terms
92(1)
Recommended Readings
92(1)
Study Questions
92(1)
Application Activities
93(2)
Laboratory-Based Physiological Assessment of Older Adults
95(16)
Cardiorespiratory Function
96(8)
Muscular Strength
104(1)
Body Composition
105(2)
Balance
107(1)
Summary
108(1)
Key Terms
109(1)
Recommended Readings
109(1)
Study Questions
109(1)
Application Activities
110(1)
Goal Setting and Behavioral Management
111(17)
Factors Influencing Older Adults' Exercise Participation
112(2)
Strategies for Behavior Change
114(9)
Physically Active Lifestyles
123(2)
Implications for Program Design and Management
125(1)
Summary
126(1)
Key Terms
126(1)
Recommended Readings
126(1)
Study Questions
126(1)
Application Activities
127(1)
PART III Core Program Principles and Training Methods
128(100)
A New Approach to Designing Exercise Programs for Older Adults
131(10)
Heterogeneity of Older Adults
132(1)
Optimizing Physical Function Through Exercise
133(3)
Exercise Principles for Program Design
136(1)
Specific Exercise Principles for Older Adults
136(2)
Summary
138(1)
Key Terms
138(1)
Recommended Readings
138(1)
Study Questions
138(1)
Application Activities
139(2)
Principles of the Warm-Up and Cool-Down
141(14)
Physiological Changes Associated With Warm-Up
142(1)
Physiological Changes Associated With Cool-Down
143(1)
Guiding Principles of the Warm-Up
144(1)
Developing the Warm-Up
145(4)
Developing the Cool-Down
149(3)
Summary
152(1)
Key Terms
152(1)
Recommended Readings
152(1)
Study Questions
152(1)
Application Activities
153(2)
Flexibility Training
155(20)
Age-Associated Changes in Flexibility
156(4)
Types of Stretching Techniques
160(1)
Incorporating Flexibility Training Into the Exercise Program
160(2)
Examples of Flexibility Exercises
162(11)
Summary
173(1)
Key Terms
173(1)
Recommended Readings
173(1)
Study Questions
173(1)
Application Activities
174(1)
Resistance Training
175(16)
Benefits of Resistance Training
176(2)
Principles of Resistance Training
178(1)
Training Components and Variables
179(3)
Resistance Training for Older Adults
182(6)
Summary
188(1)
Key Terms
188(1)
Recommended Readings
189(1)
Study Questions
189(1)
Application Activities
190(1)
Aerobic Endurance Training
191(20)
Benefits of Aerobic Endurance Training for Older Adults
192(1)
Principles and Considerations for Aerobic Endurance Training
193(4)
Variables for Aerobic Endurance Training
197(3)
Types of Aerobic Exercises
200(4)
Training Precautions
204(2)
Implications for Program Design and Management
206(2)
Summary
208(1)
Key Terms
208(1)
Recommended Readings
208(1)
Study Questions
209(1)
Application Activities
210(1)
Balance and Mobility Training
211(17)
Age-Associated Changes in Balance and Mobility
213(3)
Balance and Mobility Exercises
216(8)
Manipulating the Challenge in a Group Setting
224(1)
Summary
225(1)
Key Terms
225(1)
Recommended Readings
226(1)
Study Questions
226(1)
Application Activities
227(1)
PART IV Specialty Programs and Training Methods
228(52)
Mind-Body Exercise Training
231(16)
Mindful Exercise
232(2)
Mind-Body Exercise Programs
234(5)
Implications for Program Design and Management
239(2)
Mindful Exercise Precautions
241(1)
Yoga and Tai Chi Teacher Training Resources
242(1)
Summary
243(1)
Key Terms
243(1)
Recommended Readings
243(1)
Study Questions
244(1)
Application Activities
244(3)
Aquatic Training
247(16)
Benefits of Aquatic Exercise
248(3)
Considerations Unique to Aquatic Exercise
251(2)
Aquatic Training Components
253(4)
Summary
257(3)
Key Terms
260(1)
Recommended Readings
260(1)
Study Questions
260(1)
Application Activities
261(2)
Training Master Athletes
263(17)
Master Athletes
264(4)
Principles of Training
268(3)
Components of Master Athlete Training Programs
271(6)
Training Precautions
277(1)
Summary
278(1)
Key Terms
278(1)
Recommended Readings
278(1)
Study Questions
279(1)
Application Activities
279(1)
PART V Program Design, Leadership, and Risk Management
280(85)
Applying Motor Learning Principles to Program Design
283(18)
Nervous System Changes and Motor Skill Learning
284(1)
Movement Analysis of Skills
285(5)
Motor Learning Principles for the Physical Activity Instructor
290(7)
Summary
297(1)
Key Terms
297(1)
Recommended Readings
297(1)
Study Questions
297(1)
Application Activities
298(3)
Teaching and Leadership Skills
301(16)
Teaching Skills
302(7)
Leadership Skills
309(4)
Summary
313(1)
Key Terms
313(1)
Recommended Readings
313(1)
Study Questions
314(1)
Application Activities
314(3)
Designing and Managing Group Conditioning Classes
317(18)
Key Principles of Group Dynamics
318(3)
Making Group Activity Fun
321(6)
Records Management
327(3)
Marketing Considerations
330(2)
Summary
332(1)
Key Terms
332(1)
Recommended Readings
332(1)
Study Questions
332(1)
Application Activities
333(2)
Exercise Considerations for Medical Conditions
335(16)
Cardiovascular Conditions
336(3)
Pulmonary Disorders
339(3)
Diabetes
342(2)
Musculoskeletal Conditions
344(3)
Neurological and Cognitive Conditions
347(1)
Summary
348(1)
Key Terms
348(1)
Recommended Readings
348(1)
Study Questions
349(1)
Application Activities
350(1)
Legal Standards, Risk Management, and Professional Ethics
351(14)
The Law and the Physical Activity Instructor
352(4)
A Risk Management Plan
356(4)
Ethical Guidelines for the Physical Activity Instructor
360(2)
Summary
362(1)
Key Terms
362(1)
Recommended Readings
363(1)
Study Questions
363(1)
Application Activities
363(2)
Appendix A International Curriculum Guidelines for Preparing Physical Activity Instructors of Older Adults, in Collaboration With the Aging and Life Course, World Health Organization 365(10)
Appendix B Professional Ethics for Personal Fitness Trainers 375(2)
Appendix C Professional Ethics for Group Fitness Trainers 377(2)
Study Questions Answer Key 379(2)
References 381(14)
Index 395(10)
About the Editors 405

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