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9780763747176

Women's Gynecologic Health

by ;
  • ISBN13:

    9780763747176

  • ISBN10:

    0763747173

  • Format: Paperback
  • Copyright: 2005-06-30
  • Publisher: Jones & Bartlett
  • View Upgraded Edition

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Supplemental Materials

What is included with this book?

Summary

Women’s Gynecologic Health, based on recent research, focuses on women’s gynecologic health and encompasses health promotion, maintenance, and treatment. This text includes comprehensive coverage of women’s gynecologic health care; clinical considerations specific to the different physical and psychosocial life stages of women; emphasis on physiologic mechanisms in order to enhance understanding of normal and abnormal processes; and evidence-based content.

Table of Contents

Preface xxiii
Acknowledgments xxv
Contributors xxix
SECTION I INTRODUCTION TO WOMEN'S GYNECOLOGIC HEALTH
1(66)
Women's Health from a Feminist Perspective
3(18)
Lisa Kane Low
Kerri Durnell Schuiling
Women's Health Care and Gynecologic Health
4(1)
Feminism
4(1)
Model of Care Based on a Feminist Perspective
5(1)
The Social Construction of Gender and Health
6(5)
A Human Rights Perspective for Women's Health
10(1)
Definition of Health: Social Model versus Biomedical Model
11(1)
Women's Health from a Feminist Perspective
12(6)
Look for What Has Been Left Out or What We Do Not Know
14(1)
Analyze Your Own Role or Relationship to the Issue or Topic
15(1)
Consider the Risks and Benefits of Speaking in Terms of Groups versus Individuals
16(1)
Consider the Social Construction of Gender and How Its Assumptions May Limit Options or Presume Choices That Are Made Within the Context of Health
17(1)
Explore the Precise Ways in Which Gender Defines Power Relationships and the Implications of Those Power Dynamics on Health
17(1)
Why a Textbook on Gynecology?
18(1)
References
18(3)
Women's Growth and Development Across the Life Span
21(20)
Lisa Kane Low
Kerri Durnell Schuiling
Adolescence
25(6)
Biology and Physiology
25(2)
Psychosocial Development
27(3)
Clinical Application
30(1)
Early Adulthood
31(4)
Biology and Physiology
31(1)
Psychosocial Development
32(2)
Clinical Application
34(1)
Midlife
35(1)
Biology and Physiology
35(1)
Psychosocial Development
35(1)
Clinical Application
36(1)
Older Women
36(1)
Biology and Physiology
36(1)
Psychosocial Development
36(1)
Clinical Application
37(1)
Conclusion
37(1)
References
37(4)
Using Evidence to Support Clinical Practice
41(26)
Holly Powell Kennedy
Katherine Camacho Carr
What Is Evidence-based Practice?
41(1)
A Feminist Perspective on Research
42(1)
The History of Evidence-based Practice
42(2)
Research and Clinical Decision Making
44(1)
Types of Research Evidence
45(1)
Research Methods to Inform Clinical Practice
46(10)
Quantitative Research
48(3)
Qualitative Research
51(4)
Mixed Research Methods
55(1)
Moving from Best Evidence to Best Practice
56(2)
Barriers to Using Research Evidence in Clinical Practice
58(2)
Critiquing Research Studies
58(1)
Finding the Relevant Research
58(2)
Conclusion
60(1)
References
61(4)
Appendix 3--A
65(1)
Sources of Research Evidence
65(1)
Useful Web Sites for Systematic Reviews
66(1)
SECTION II HEALTH ASSESSMENT AND PROMOTION
67(224)
Health Promotion
69(10)
Kathryn Osborne
Health Promotion: A National Initiative
69(2)
Defining Health
71(1)
Defining Prevention
72(1)
Counseling and Education as Preventive Strategies
73(1)
Effective Interventions for Healthy, Asymptomatic Women
73(3)
Dental Health
73(1)
Diet and Exercise
73(1)
Injury Prevention
74(1)
Household Safety
74(1)
Recreational Safety
75(1)
Prevention for Elderly Women
75(1)
Sexual Behavior
75(1)
Tobacco Use
76(1)
Conclusion
76(1)
References
77(2)
Gynecologic Anatomy and Physiology
79(22)
Nancy J. Hughes
Nancy M. Steele
Suzanne M. LeClaire
Pelvic Anatomy
79(4)
Pelvic Bones
79(1)
Pelvic Muscles
80(3)
Female Genitalia
83(7)
External Genital Anatomy
84(2)
Internal Genital Organs
86(4)
Breast Anatomy and Physiology
90(2)
Menstrual Cycle Physiology
92(8)
Hypothalamic-Pituitary-Ovarian Axis
93(1)
Hormonal Feedback System
94(1)
The Ovarian Cycle
94(3)
The Endometrial Cycle
97(2)
Changes in Organs Due to Cyclic Changes
99(1)
References
100(1)
Gynecologic History and Physical Examination
101(34)
Deborah Narrigan
Health History
101(7)
General Health History
103(2)
Gynecologic Health History
105(3)
Final Steps
108(1)
Physical Examination for a Gynecologic Visit
108(18)
General Physical Examination
109(1)
Breast Examination
109(5)
The Pelvic Examination
114(11)
Summing Up and Documenting Findings
125(1)
References
126(1)
Appendix 6--A Cervical Cytology Screening
127(2)
Conventional Method for Cervical Cytology Screening
129(1)
Liquid-based Methods for Cervical Cytology Screening
129(1)
Specimen Collection with the Spatula and Endocervical Brush
129(1)
Specimen Collection with the Broom-like Device
130(1)
References
130(1)
Appendix 6--B Screening for Chlamydia Trachomatis and Neisseria Gonorrhoeae Infections
131(1)
References
132(1)
Appendix 6--C Preparing a Sample of Vaginal Secretions for Microscopic Examination
133(1)
References
134(1)
Periodic Screening and Health Maintenance
135(14)
Kathryn Osborne
Screening Recommendations for All Women
137(6)
Alcohol Misuse
137(4)
Cervical Cancer
141(1)
Depression
141(1)
Height and Weight
141(1)
Hypertension
142(1)
Intimate Partner Violence
142(1)
Ovarian Cancer
142(1)
Rubella Immunity
143(1)
Tobacco Use
143(1)
Special Populations
143(3)
Screening Recommendations for Adolescents
143(1)
Screening Recommendations for Older Women
144(2)
Additional Observations
146(1)
References
147(2)
Sexuality
149(20)
Catherine Ingram Fogel
Female Sexuality
150(5)
Component of Sexuality
150(2)
Sexual Health
152(1)
Sexual Response in Women
152(3)
Factors Influencing Sexuality
155(7)
Developmental Factors
155(3)
Sociocultural Influences
158(1)
Health-related Influences
159(3)
Relationship and Partner Factors
162(1)
Sexual Assessment
162(2)
History
162(2)
Physical Examination and Diagnostic Studies
164(1)
Conclusion
164(1)
References
165(4)
Contraception
169(60)
Patricia Aikins Murphy
Katherine Morgan
Frances E. Likis
Contraceptive Efficacy and Effectiveness
170(3)
Nonhormonal Methods
173(20)
Physiologic Methods
173(4)
Barrier Methods
177(13)
Sterilization
190(3)
Hormonal Methods
193(14)
Combined Hormonal Methods
194(8)
Progestin Hormonal Methods
202(5)
Intrauterine Contraception
207(3)
Emergency Contraception
210(2)
References
212(5)
Web Sites
217(1)
Bibliography
217(2)
Appendix 9--A Selected Medical Eligibility Criteria for Contraceptive Use
219(10)
Gynecologic Health Care for Lesbians
229(20)
Linda A. Bernhard
Who Are Lesbians?
229(1)
Defining Sexual Orientation and Gender Identity
230(1)
How Many Lesbians Are There?
230(1)
Homophobia and Heterosexism
230(1)
Health Care for Lesbians in a Societal Context
231(1)
Health Care for Lesbians in an Institutional Context
232(1)
Development of a Research Base for Lesbian Health
232(2)
Barriers to Health Care for Lesbians
234(1)
Eating Disorders and Lesbians
235(1)
Sexually Transmitted Infections, Bacterial Vaginosis, and Lesbians
236(2)
Gynecologic Cancers and Lesbians
238(4)
Cancer Risk
238(1)
Cancer Screening
239(1)
Cancer Diagnosis and Treatment
240(1)
Interventions for Lesbians and Cancer
241(1)
Providing Culturally Competent Care
242(1)
Health Care for Special Groups of Lesbians
243(2)
Youth and Adolescent Lesbians
243(1)
Older Lesbians
244(1)
Lesbians with Disabilities
245(1)
Conclusion
245(1)
References
245(4)
Menopause
249(42)
Ivy M. Alexander
Linda C. Andrist
The Medicalization of Menopause: A Historical Perspective
251(2)
Natural Menopause
253(2)
Menopause from Other Causes
255(1)
Diagnosing Menopause
256(2)
Differential Diagnoses to Consider
256(2)
Presentation and Variation of the Menopause Experience
258(2)
Midlife Health Issues
260(4)
Overweight and Obesity
260(1)
Cardiovascular Disease
260(1)
Diabetes Mellitus
261(1)
Cancer
262(1)
Osteoporosis
262(2)
Thyroid Disease and Depression
264(1)
Lifestyle Approaches for Symptom Management
264(5)
Dietary Changes
264(2)
Exercise
266(1)
Vitamins and Supplements
266(1)
Vaginal Lubricants and Moisturizers
266(1)
Clothing and Environment
267(1)
Smoking Cessation
267(1)
Stress Management
267(1)
Sleep
268(1)
Mental Function
269(1)
Pharmacologic Options for Menopause Symptom Management
269(9)
Therapy Considerations
272(1)
HT Protocols and Formulations
272(5)
Plan of Care and Patient Education
277(1)
Complementary and Alternative Medicine Options for Menopause Symptom Management
278(6)
Natural versus Bioidentical Hormones
278(1)
Herbals
279(1)
Isoflavones
279(5)
Progesterone Creams
284(1)
Acupuncture
284(1)
Conclusion
284(1)
References
285(6)
SECTION III WOMEN'S GYNECOLOGIC HEALTH CARE MANAGEMENT
291(382)
Intimate Partner Violence and Sexual Assault
293(28)
Daniel J. Sheridan
Linda A. Fernandes
Alida D. Alden
Dawn M. Van Pelt
Jacquelyn C. Campbell
Intimate Partner Violence
294(15)
Definitions
294(1)
Epidemiology
294(1)
Health Effects
295(1)
Screening
296(1)
Theories
296(1)
Screening Tools
297(7)
History
304(1)
Physical Examination
304(1)
Documentation
305(1)
Management
306(1)
Special Populations
307(2)
Sexual Assault
309(8)
Definitions
310(1)
Epidemiology
310(1)
Intimate Partner Sexual Violence
310(1)
Screening
311(1)
History
312(1)
Physical Examination
312(2)
Documentation
314(1)
Management
314(2)
Special Populations
316(1)
References
317(4)
Breast Conditions
321(22)
Heather M. Aliotta
Nancy J. Schaeffer
Mastalgia
321(4)
Etiology and Pathophysiology
322(1)
Clinical Presentation
322(1)
Assessment
322(1)
Differential Diagnoses
323(1)
Management
324(1)
Special Considerations
325(1)
Nipple Discharge
325(3)
Etiology, Pathophysiology, and Clinical Presentation
326(1)
Assessment
327(1)
Differential Diagnoses
328(1)
Management
328(1)
Benign Breast Masses
328(4)
Incidence, Etiology, and Clinical Presentation
328(1)
Assessment
329(1)
Differential Diagnoses
330(1)
Management
330(1)
Special Considerations
331(1)
Breast Cancer
332(8)
Incidence
332(1)
Etiology
332(1)
Pathophysiology
333(1)
Clinical Presentation and Types of Breast Cancer
333(2)
Assessment
335(2)
Differential Diagnoses
337(1)
Prevention
337(1)
Management
337(2)
Emerging Evidence That May Change Practice
339(1)
Special Considerations
339(1)
References
340(3)
Female Sexual Dysfunction
343(18)
Susan Chasson
Classification of Sexual Dysfunction
344(1)
Scope of the Problem
345(1)
Etiology
345(1)
General Assessment for Sexual Concerns
346(2)
History
346(1)
Physical Examination
347(1)
Diagnostic Testing
348(1)
Differential Diagnoses
348(1)
Further Assessment and Management of Specific Types of Sexual Dysfunction
348(9)
Hypoactive Sexual Desire Disorder
348(4)
Sexual Aversion Disorder
352(1)
Sexual Arousal Disorder
352(2)
Orgasmic Disorder
354(1)
Sexual Pain Disorders
355(2)
Referral to a Therapist Specializing in Sexual Dysfunction
357(1)
References
358(3)
Unintended Pregnancy
361(20)
Katherine Simmonds
Frances E. Likis
Scope of the Problem
361(1)
Etiology
362(1)
Conflicts in Caring for Women with Unintended Pregnancies
362(3)
Professional Responsibilities
363(1)
Values Clarification
364(1)
Assessment
365(3)
Management
368(8)
Prevention
368(1)
Pregnancy Options Counseling
368(4)
Options for Women Experiencing Unintended Pregnancies
372(4)
Special Considerations
376(2)
Adolescents
376(1)
Influences of Culture
377(1)
References
378(3)
Infertility
381(22)
Ellen Olshansky
Defining Infertility
382(1)
Overview of Anatomy and Physiology Related to Infertility
383(2)
Anatomy and Physiology of the Male Reproductive System
383(1)
Conception and Implantation
383(2)
Pathophysiology and Etiologies of Infertility
385(2)
Female Etiologies
385(1)
Male Etiologies
386(1)
Combined Causes
387(1)
Unexplained Infertility
387(1)
Assessment of Infertility
387(5)
History
388(1)
Physical Examination
388(1)
Diagnostic Testing and Procedures
388(4)
Differential Diagnosis
392(1)
Prevention of Infertility
392(1)
Management of Infertility
392(3)
Patient Education
392(1)
Ovulation Induction
392(2)
Treatment of Short Luteal Phase
394(1)
Treatment for Male Factor Infertility
394(1)
Options for Women and Men with Infertility
395(1)
Assisted Reproductive Technologies
395(1)
Collaborative Reproduction
395(1)
Adoption
396(1)
Child-free Living
396(1)
Evidence for Best Practices Related to Infertility Care
396(1)
Special Considerations
397(3)
Psychological, Family, Relationship, and Social Issues
397(1)
Ethical Issues
398(1)
Infertility and Cancer
399(1)
Infertility and Women in the Later Years of Childbearing
399(1)
Patient Counseling
400(1)
References
400(3)
Gynecologic Infections
403(18)
Catherine Ingram Fogel
Vaginal Secretions
403(1)
Normal Characteristics
403(1)
Life Cycle Changes
404(1)
Vaginitis and Vaginosis
404(2)
Prevention Measures
406(1)
Bacterial Vaginosis
406(6)
Assessment
407(1)
Differential Diagnosis
408(1)
Management
408(4)
Special Considerations
412(1)
Vulvovaginal Candidiasis
412(3)
Assessment
414(1)
Differential Diagnosis
414(1)
Management
414(1)
Special Considerations
415(1)
Toxic Shock Syndrome
415(2)
Assessment
416(1)
Differential Diagnosis
417(1)
Management
417(1)
Bartholin's Cyst or Abscess
417(1)
Assessment
417(1)
Differential Diagnosis
418(1)
Management
418(1)
References
418(3)
Sexually Transmitted Infections
421(48)
Catherine Ingram Fogel
Transmission of STIs
422(5)
Biologic Factors
422(2)
Social Factors
424(1)
Social Interactions and Relationships
425(1)
Societal Norms
426(1)
Substance Use
426(1)
STI Screening and Detection
427(4)
Screening
427(1)
Assessment
427(3)
Reporting
430(1)
Talking with the Patient
431(3)
Human Papillomavirus
434(4)
Assessment
435(1)
Differential Diagnoses
435(1)
Management
436(1)
Emerging Evidence
437(1)
Talking with the Patient
437(1)
Genital Herpes Simplex Virus Infection
438(4)
Assessment
439(1)
Differential Diagnoses
439(1)
Management
439(2)
Talking with the Patient
441(1)
Chancroid
442(1)
Assessment
442(1)
Differential Diagnoses
442(1)
Management
442(1)
Pediculosis
443(1)
Assessment
443(1)
Differential Diagnoses
443(1)
Management
443(1)
Trichomoniasis
444(1)
Assessment
444(1)
Differential Diagnoses
444(1)
Management
445(1)
Chlamydia
445(2)
Assessment
446(1)
Differential Diagnoses
446(1)
Management
447(1)
Gonorrhea
447(2)
Assessment
448(1)
Differential Diagnoses
449(1)
Management
449(1)
Pelvic Inflammatory Disease
449(4)
Assessment
450(1)
Differential Diagnoses
451(1)
Management
451(2)
Syphilis
453(4)
Assessment
454(3)
Management
457(1)
Hepatitis B
457(2)
Assessment
458(1)
Management
459(1)
Human Immunodeficiency Virus
459(5)
The Effect of HIV on the Immune System
460(1)
HIV Transmission Issues Specific to Women
461(1)
Assessment
461(2)
Management
463(1)
Sexually Transmitted Infections during Pregnancy
464(1)
Conclusion
465(1)
References
465(3)
Internet Resources
468(1)
Menstrual Cycle Pain and Discomforts
469(38)
Diana Taylor
Kerri Durnell Schuiling
Beth A. Collins Sharp
Historical Overview
469(2)
Development of Evidence-based Clinical Practice Guidelines
470(1)
Scope and Prevalence of the Problem
471(1)
Clinical Presentation
472(1)
Cyclic Perimenstrual Pain and Discomfort
472(2)
Cyclic Pelvic Pain (Primary Dysmenorrhea)
473(1)
Perimenstrual Physical and Mood Symptoms
474(1)
Other Menstrual Diagnoses
474(3)
Premenstrual Syndrome
474(2)
Premenstrual Magnification
476(1)
Premenstrual Dysphoric Disorder
476(1)
Etiology
477(3)
Biologic
477(1)
Psychosocial Stressors and Sociocultural Factors
478(2)
Translating Research into Practice
480(6)
Assessment
480(3)
Identifying and Rating Symptom Cluster Severity and Distress
483(1)
Determining Symptom Cluster Severity and Distress Patterns
484(2)
Differential Diagnoses
486(1)
Beginning the Therapeutic Process
487(1)
Setting Goals
487(1)
Therapeutic Options
488(1)
AWHONN Evidence-based Clinical Practice Guidelines
488(4)
CPPD Symptom Management
488(4)
Management of Severe PMS
492(2)
Evidence-based Recommendations
492(1)
Pharmacologic Symptom Management
493(1)
Hormonal Therapy
494(1)
Supplementation or Suppression
494(1)
Co-management and Referral
495(3)
Emerging Therapies
495(1)
Alternative Healing Systems: Traditional Chinese Medicine and Homeopathy
496(1)
Botanic, Herbal, and Alternative Therapies
496(2)
Conclusion
498(2)
References
500(7)
Normal and Abnormal Uterine Bleeding
507(26)
Mary Ann Faucher
Kerri Durnell Schuiling
Abnormal and Dysfunctional Uterine Bleeding
508(4)
Physiology and Patterns of Normal Menses
509(1)
Etiology and Pathophysiology of Abnormal and Dysfunctional Bleeding
510(1)
Anovulatory Dysfunctional Uterine Bleeding
510(2)
Ovulatory Dysfunctional Uterine Bleeding
512(1)
Assessment
512(5)
History
512(2)
Physical Examination
514(1)
Laboratory Testing
514(3)
Differential Diagnoses of Abnormal Bleeding
517(3)
Systemic Causes of AUB
517(1)
Reproductive Tract Etiologies
518(1)
Outflow Tract Causes of AUB
519(1)
Iatrogenic Causes of AUB
519(1)
Lifestyle Causes of AUB
519(1)
Management
520(5)
Acute Life-threatening Hemorrhage
520(1)
Acute Non-life-threatening Heavy Bleeding
520(3)
Nonemergent Anovulatory Dub
523(1)
Progestin Therapy
523(1)
Surgical Treatment
524(1)
Amenorrhea
525(3)
Assessment
525(2)
Management
527(1)
Evidence for Practice
528(1)
Special Considerations
528(1)
Adolescents
528(1)
Perimenopause
528(1)
Older Women
529(1)
Culture
529(1)
Conclusion
529(1)
References
530(3)
Hyperandrogenic Disorders
533(28)
Christine L. Anderson
Description of Hyperandrogenic Disorders
533(4)
Scope of the Problem
533(1)
Etiology
534(2)
Biochemical Features of PCOS
536(1)
Clinical Presentation
537(6)
Hirsutism
537(1)
Alopecia
537(1)
Acne
538(1)
Virilization
538(1)
Menstrual Irregularity and Infertility
539(1)
Polycystic Ovaries
539(1)
Obesity
540(1)
Insulin Resistance
540(1)
Metabolic Syndrome
541(1)
Psychological Impact
542(1)
Cancer Risks
542(1)
Assessment
543(3)
History
543(1)
Physical Examination
543(1)
Diagnostic Testing
544(2)
Making the Diagnosis of PCOS
546(1)
Differential Diagnoses
546(1)
Management
547(8)
Nonpharmacologic
547(2)
Pharmacologic
549(5)
Alternative and Complementary
554(1)
Follow-up
554(1)
When to Refer
554(1)
Emerging Evidence for the Practice
555(1)
Special Considerations
555(2)
Adolescents
555(1)
Pregnant Women
556(1)
Talking with the Patient
556(1)
References
557(4)
Benign Gynecologic Conditions
561(34)
Carol A. Verga
Vulvar Dermatoses
561(9)
Assessment of Vulvar Dermatoses
562(1)
Differential Diagnosis
562(1)
Primary Irritant and Allergic Dermatitis
563(2)
Lichen Sclerosus
565(2)
Lichen Planus
567(1)
Squamous Cell Hyperplasia
568(1)
Psoriasis
569(1)
Nabothian Cysts
570(1)
Assessment
570(1)
Differential Diagnosis
570(1)
Management
570(1)
Cervical Polyps
571(1)
Assessment
571(1)
Differential Diagnosis
571(1)
Management
571(1)
Special Considerations
572(1)
Uterine Fibroids
572(5)
Incidence
572(1)
Etiology and Pathophysiology
572(1)
Presentation
573(1)
Assessment
573(1)
Differential Diagnosis
574(1)
Management
574(2)
Emerging Evidence That May Change Management
576(1)
Special Considerations
576(1)
Adenomyosis
577(2)
Incidence
577(1)
Etiology and Pathophysiology
577(1)
Clinical Presentation
577(1)
Assessment
578(1)
Differential Diagnosis
578(1)
Management
579(1)
Endometriosis
579(5)
Incidence
579(1)
Etiology and Pathophysiology
580(1)
Clinical Presentation
580(1)
Assessment
581(1)
Differential Diagnosis
581(1)
Management
581(2)
Emerging Evidence That May Change Management
583(1)
Special Considerations
583(1)
Ovarian Cysts
584(3)
Incidence
584(1)
Etiology and Pathophysiology
584(1)
Clinical Presentation
585(1)
Assessment
585(1)
Differential Diagnosis
586(1)
Management
586(1)
Special Considerations
587(1)
References
587(5)
Vulvar Dermatology Resources
592(3)
Gynecologic Cancers
595(40)
Mary Wallace
Anna Sanford
Vulvar Cancers
596(5)
Scope of the Problem
596(1)
Etiology and Pathophysiology
596(1)
Clinical Presentation
597(1)
Assessment
598(1)
Management
599(1)
Follow-up Care of the Woman Who Has Been Treated for Vulvar Cancer
600(1)
Cervical Cancer
601(16)
Scope of the Problem
601(1)
Etiology and Pathophysiology
601(3)
Clinical Presentation
604(1)
Assessment
604(2)
Diagnostic Testing
606(3)
Differential Diagnoses
609(1)
Management
609(1)
New and Emerging Evidence for the Practice
610(2)
Special Considerations
612(5)
Endometrial Cancer
617(6)
Scope of the Problem
617(1)
Etiology and Pathophysiology
618(1)
Clinical Presentation
619(1)
Assessment
620(1)
Differential Diagnosis
621(1)
Management
622(1)
Ovarian Cancer
623(7)
Scope of the Problem
623(1)
Etiology and Pathophysiology
624(1)
Risk Factors
624(1)
Clinical Presentation
625(1)
Assessment
625(2)
Management
627(1)
Follow-up Care of the Woman Who Has Been Treated for Ovarian Cancer
628(2)
References
630(5)
Urinary Incontinence
635(24)
Sandra H. Hines
Janis M. Miller
Anatomy
635(3)
The Urinary Bladder or Reservoir
637(1)
The Urethra or the Seal
637(1)
Pelvic Floor Structure or the Gate
637(1)
Contributing Factors in Urinary Incontinence
638(2)
Fluid Intake
638(1)
Constipation
639(1)
Habitual Preventative Emptying
639(1)
Familial or Racial Incidence
639(1)
Age
639(1)
Pregnancy and Childbirth
639(1)
Comorbidities
640(1)
Assessment
640(8)
The Urinary Bladder or Reservoir
640(5)
The Urethra or the Seal
645(1)
Pelvic Floor Structure or the Gate
646(2)
Differential Diagnosis
648(1)
Management of Urinary Incontinence
648(7)
Behavioral Interventions
648(3)
Electrical Stimulation for Urinary Incontinence
651(1)
Barrier Devices for Urinary Incontinence
651(1)
Pharmacologic Treatment
652(2)
Surgical Interventions for Urinary Incontinence
654(1)
Referral
654(1)
Evidence for Practice
655(1)
Prevention of Urinary Incontinence
655(1)
Emerging Knowledge
655(1)
Special Considerations
656(1)
Adolescents
656(1)
Pregnancy and the Postnatal Period
656(1)
Culture
656(1)
Conclusion
656(1)
Internet Resources
656(1)
References
657(2)
Chronic Pelvic Pain
659(14)
Linell Dehlin
Kerri Durnell Schuiling
Description and Definition
660(2)
Scope and Incidence of the Problem
660(1)
Etiology
661(1)
Clinical Presentation
662(1)
Assessment
662(3)
History
662(2)
Physical Examination
664(1)
General Screening and Diagnostic Testing
664(1)
Differential Diagnoses
665(1)
Common Gynecologic Causes of Chronic Pelvic Pain
666(1)
Common Nongynecologic Causes of Chronic Pelvic Pain
666(1)
General Treatment Modalities
666(2)
Alternative and Complementary Treatment
668(1)
Current and Emergent Evidence for Practice
668(1)
Special Considerations
669(1)
Adolescents
669(1)
Culture
669(1)
References
670(1)
General References for Further Reading
671(2)
Index 673(26)
About the Contributors 699

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