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Logic and Language | |
Reasoning | |
Premises and Conclusions | |
Recognizing Arguments | |
Extended Arguments | |
Validity and Strength | |
Implication and Equivalence | |
Form and Invalidity | |
Language | |
Reason and Emotion | |
Goals of Definition | |
Means of Definition | |
Criteria for Definitions | |
Informal Fallacies | |
Fallacies of Evidence | |
Fallacies of Relevance: Credibility | |
Fallacies of Relevance: Confusion | |
Fallacies of Relevance: Manipulation | |
Inductive Fallacies | |
Fallacies of Clarity | |
Aristotelian Logic | |
Categorical Propositions | |
Kinds of Categorical Proposition | |
Categorical Propositions in Natural Language | |
Diagramming Categorical Propositions | |
Immediate Inference | |
The Aristotelian Square of Opposition | |
The Modern Square of Opposition | |
Syllogisms | |
Standard Form | |
Venn Diagrams | |
Distribution | |
Rules for Validity | |
Reduction | |
Symbolic Logic | |
Propositional Logic | |
Connectives | |
Truth Functions | |
Symbolization | |
A Symbolic Language | |
Logical Properties of Statements | |
Truth Tables for Statements | |
Truth Tables for Symbolic Arguments | |
Semantic Tableaux | |
Motivation | |
Tableaux | |
Negation, Conjunction, and Disjunction | |
Policies | |
The Conditional and Biconditional | |
Other Applications | |
Proof | |
Rules and Proofs | |
Rules of Implication I: Conjunctions and Conditionals | |
Rules of Implication II: Disjunctions | |
Rules of Replacement: Connectives | |
Rules of Replacement: Algebra | |
Categorical Proofs | |
Indirect Proofs | |
Predicate Logic | |
Quantifiers | |
Categorical Statement Forms | |
Symbolization | |
Quantified Tableaux | |
Quantified Proofs | |
Universal Generalization | |
Induction | |
Generalizations and Analogies | |
Inductive Strength | |
Enumeration | |
Statistical Generalizations | |
Analogies | |
Causes | |
Kinds of Causes | |
Agreement and Difference | |
Residues and Concomitant Variation | |
Explanations | |
Generalizations and Laws | |
The Hypothetico-Deductive Method | |
Confirmation and Auxiliary Assumptions | |
Evaluating Explanations | |
Answers to Selected Problems | |
Glossary | |
Index | |
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