Social Decision Making: Social Dilemmas, Social Values, and Ethical Judgments

by Kramer; Roderick M.

• ISBN13: 9781841698991
• ISBN10: 1841698997
• Edition: 1st
• Format: Hardcover
• Copyright: 2009-06-24
• Publisher: Psychology Pres

Summary

This book, in honor of David Messick, is about social decisions and the role cooperation plays in social life. Noted contributors who worked with Dave over the years will discuss their work in social judgment, decision making and ethics which was so important to Dave. The book offers a unique and valuable contribution to the fields of social psychology and organizational behavior. Ethical decision making, a central focus of this volume, is highly relevant to current scholarship and research in both disciplines. The volume will be suitable for graduate level courses in organizational behavior, social psychology, business ethics, and sociology.

Table of Contents

Series Foreword	p. xv
Acknowledgments	p. xvii
Editors	p. xix
Contributors	p. xxi
Social Dilemmas, Social Values, and Ethical Judgments: Touchpoints and Touchdowns in a Distinguished Scholarly Career	p. 1
Overview of the Present Volume	p. 6
References	p. 7
Social Dilemmas
Group Discussion and Cooperation in Social Dilemmas: Does the Medium Matter?	p. 13
Review of Existing Social Dilemma Literature	p. 14
Computer-Mediated Communication in Mixed-Motive Tasks	p. 18
Computer-Mediated Communication in the Commons: Study 1	p. 23
Replication: Study 2	p. 33
Replication and Extension: Study 3	p. 34
Conclusions	p. 34
Final Thoughts	p. 38
Notes	p. 39
Acknowledgments	p. 40
References	p. 41
On the Importance of Equality in Social Dilemmas	p. 47
The Complexity of Social Dilemmas	p. 48
The Simplicity of Equality	p. 49
Equality and Tacit Coordination	p. 50
Equal to What?	p. 51
Equality and Uncertainty	p. 55
What if Equality Cannot Be Applied?	p. 57
So Why Do People Use Equality?	p. 59
Equality and Justifiability	p. 62
The Prerequisites for Tacit Coordination on Equality: Having a Common Understanding	p. 63
Concluding Remarks	p. 66
References	p. 66
Social and Temporal Orientations in Social Dilemmas	p. 71
Social Dilemmas	p. 73
Basic Principles of Social and Temporal Orientations	p. 74
Slot Machine Metaphor of Social and Temporal Orientations	p. 75
Social Orientations (Logical Effects)	p. 77
Temporal Orientations (Logical Effects)	p. 81
Social Orientations (Paradoxical Effects)	p. 82
Temporal Orientations (Paradoxical Effects)	p. 87
Concluding Comments	p. 88
Notes	p. 90
References	p. 91
In the Eye of the Beholder: Payoff Structures and Decision Frames in Social Dilemmas	p. 95
Social Dilemmas	p. 97
Logic of Appropriateness Framework and Decision Frames	p. 99
Unintended Defection	p. 103
Implications for Social Dilemma Research	p. 110
Conclusions	p. 113
Note	p. 113
References	p. 114
Dilemmas and Doubts: How Decision-Makers Cope With Interdependence and Uncertainty	p. 117
Setting the Stage: The "Simple" Anatomy of Interdependence Dilemmas	p. 119
Studying Interdependence and Uncertainty in Experimental Settings	p. 121
Getting Inside the Heads of the Experts: Insights From a Computer-Based Tournament	p. 123
Using Surveys to Probe Decision-Makers' Intuitions Regarding the Comparative Efficacy of Different Decision Rules for Managing Interdependence and Uncertainty	p. 129
Adapting to Social Uncertainty in Real-World Interdependence Dilemmas: A Field Study of Patient-Physician Relationships	p. 131
Implications and Conclusions	p. 136
References	p. 141
Social Values, Social Control, and Cooperation
Nonverbal Communication and Detection of Individual Differences in Social Value Orientation	p. 147
Overview of Studies 1 and 2	p. 153
Overview of Studies 3, 4, and 5	p. 154
Study 1: Method	p. 155
Study 2: Method	p. 158
Studies 3, 4, and 5: Method	p. 163
Discussion	p. 166
Note	p. 168
References	p. 169
Persons, Organizations, and Societies: The Effects of Collectivism and Individualism on Cooperation	p. 171
Levels of Collectivism-Individualism and Cooperation	p. 173
Cross-Level Collectivism-Individualism Interactions	p. 176
The Study	p. 180
The Replenishable Resource Game	p. 181
Manipulation of Organizational Collectivism-Individualism Cultures	p. 182
Measures	p. 183
Analysis	p. 185
Results	p. 186
Discussion and Conclusions	p. 194
There and Back Again	p. 199
Note	p. 200
References	p. 200
Attraction to Prospective Dyadic Relationships: Effects of Fate Control, Reflexive Control, and Partner's Trustworthiness	p. 205
Messick and McClintock's Theory of Social Value Orientation	p. 206
Kelley and Thibaut's Interdependence Theory	p. 207
Attractiveness as a Function of One's Own Control	p. 213
Attractiveness as a Function of Partner's Control and Trustworthiness	p. 214
Attractiveness of Control and SVO	p. 217
Method	p. 218
Results for Hypothesis 1: Own Control	p. 222
Results for Hypothesis 2: Partner's Trustworthiness	p. 223
Main Effects for Partner's Control	p. 224
Results for Hypotheses 3a and 3b: Partner's Control and Partner's Trustworthiness Interaction	p. 225
Results for Hypothesis 4: Interaction Between Own and Partner's Control	p. 226
The Trust by Own Control by Partner's Control Interaction	p. 227
Results for Social Value Orientation	p. 229
Discussion	p. 230
Social Value Orientation	p. 233
General Conclusion and Comments	p. 235
Notes	p. 236
Acknowledgments	p. 237
References	p. 237
Ethical Judgments, Fairness, and Equality
See No Evil: When We Overlook Other People's Unethical Behavior	p. 241
Motivated Blindness	p. 245
Unethical Behavior on a Slippery Slope	p. 248
Failure to See Through Indirectness	p. 249
Thinking There's No Problem - Until Something Bad Happens	p. 253
Conclusions	p. 258
Summary and Research Agenda	p. 259
References	p. 260
From Theory to Practice: Messick and Morality	p. 265
Principled Reasoning	p. 267
Utilitarianism	p. 270
Internal and External Benefits	p. 274
Business and the Environment	p. 275
Case #1: Gettysburg	p. 276
Case #2: Indian Shrimp Fishing	p. 278
Social Psychology and the Utilitarian Debate	p. 280
Conclusion - The Moral Manager	p. 286
References	p. 288
Fairness and Preference for Underdogs and Top Dogs	p. 291
Pleasure and Displeasure With Others' Outcomes	p. 291
Sympathy and Liking: Our Affinity for Underdogs	p. 294
Judgments of Consequences	p. 298
Judgments of Deservingness	p. 299
Judgments of Efficacy	p. 300
Judgments Skewed by Framing Effects	p. 300
Judgments Skewed by Self-Serving Motives	p. 302
Judgments of Performance Quality	p. 302
Summary	p. 303
Judgments Affected by Actor/Observer Effects	p. 307
Summary and Future Directions	p. 308
References	p. 312
Meaner Managers: A Consequence of Income Inequality	p. 315
CEO Wealth - Power	p. 317
CEO Power - Meanness	p. 320
A Preliminary Study	p. 323
Conclusions	p. 326
Notes	p. 328
References	p. 328
Commentary and Reflections
Appreciation for Professor David M. Messick: Peanuts, Ping-Pong, and Naïveté	p. 335
Note	p. 340
Retrospection on a Career in Social Psychology	p. 341
A Short, Bowdlerized Autobiography	p. 341
Retrospection	p. 344
References	p. 366
Scholarly Bibliography for	p. 369
Subject Index	p. 379
Author Index	p. 399
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