Sociology in Our Times

by Kendall, Diana

• ISBN13: 9780495006855
• ISBN10: 0495006858
• Edition: 6th
• Format: Hardcover
• Copyright: 2006-01-18
• Publisher: Wadsworth Publishing

Summary

This cutting-edge, applied book highlights the relevance of sociology by including a diverse collection of theories, research, and "lived experiences" that accurately mirror the diversity in society itself. The author's vivid, applied, personal writing style engages students, and activates compelling everyday examples that make sociology particularly relevant to today's diverse students. SOCIOLOGY IN OUR TIMES is noted for its especially strong integration of engaging "Lived Experiences" - extended examples that focus on various issues to illustrate chapter coverage. These extended examples are introduced with the vignette that opens each chapter and are then carried throughout the chapter in various boxes, features, and exercises. Kendall's text is acclaimed in the field for being the first textbook to integrate race, class, and gender issues, and for its thorough presentation of sociological theory, which includes diverse theoretical viewpoints such as feminist and postmodernist theory. Kendall shows students that sociology involves important questions and issues that they confront both personally and vicariously.

Table of Contents

PART 1 - Studying Society And Social Life
The Sociological Perspective	2	(34)
Putting Social Life into Perspective	4	(5)
Why Study Sociology?	4	(2)
The Sociological Imagination	6	(3)
The Importance of a Global Sociological Imagination	9	(1)
The Origins of Sociological Thinking	10	(3)
Sociology and the Age of Enlightenment	11	(1)
Sociology and the Age of Revolution, Industrialization, and Urbanization	12	(1)
The Development of Modern Sociology	13	(10)
Early Thinkers: A Concern with Social Order and Stability	13	(4)
Differing Views on the Status Quo: Stability Versus Change	17
The Beginnings of Sociology in the United States	2	(21)
Contemporary Theoretical Perspectives	23	(9)
Functionalist Perspectives	24	(1)
Conflict Perspectives	25	(2)
Symbolic Interactionist Perspectives	27	(4)
Postmodern Perspectives	31	(1)
Comparing Sociology with Other Social Sciences	32	(4)
Anthropology	32	(1)
Psychology	32	(1)
Economics	33	(1)
Political Science	33	(1)
In Sum	33
Sociology And Everyday Life: How Much Do You Know About Consumption and Credit Cards?	5	(5)
Sociology In Global Perspective:Charge! The New Global Rallying Cry?	10	(10)
Sociology And Social Policy: Online Shopping and Your Privacy	20	(8)
You Can Make A Difference: Taking a Stand Against Overspending	28	(8)
Sociological Research Methods	36	(36)
Why Is Sociological Research Necessary?	38	(4)
Common Sense and Sociological Research	38	(1)
Sociology and Scientific Evidence	39	(2)
The Theory and Research Cycle	41	(1)
The Sociological Research Process	42	(9)
The ``Conventional'' Research Model	43	(6)
A Qualitative Research Model	49	(2)
Research Methods	51	(16)
Survey Research	52	(5)
Secondary Analysis of Existing Data	57	(2)
Field Research	59	(4)
Experiments	63	(3)
Multiple Methods: Triangulation	66	(1)
Ethical Issues in Sociological Research	67	(5)
The ASA Code of Ethics	67
The Zellner Research	8	(60)
The Humphreys Research	68
Sociology And Everyday Life: How Much Do You Know About Suicide?	39	(7)
Sociology In Global Perspective: Comparing Suicide Statistics from Different Nations	46	(6)
Framing Research In The Media: ``Fast Term Papers, No Strings Attached''?	52	(17)
You Can Make A Difference: Responding to a Cry for Help	69	(3)
Culture	72	(34)
Culture and Society in a Changing World	74	(5)
The Importance of Culture	75	(2)
Material Culture and Nonmaterial Culture	77	(1)
Cultural Universals	78	(1)
Components of Culture	79	(9)
Symbols	79	(2)
Language	81	(4)
Values	85	(2)
Norms	87	(1)
Technology, Cultural Change, and Diversity	88	(7)
Cultural Change	88	(1)
Cultural Diversity	89	(4)
Culture Shock	93	(1)
Ethnocentrism and Cultural Relativism	94	(1)
A Global Popular Culture?	95	(1)
High Culture and Popular Culture	95	(1)
Forms of Popular Culture	95	(1)
Sociological Analysis of Culture	96	(6)
Functionalist Perspectives	96	(2)
Conflict Perspectives	98	(1)
Symbolic Interactionist Perspectives	99	(1)
Postmodernist Perspectives	100	(2)
Culture in the Future	102	(4)
Sociology And Everyday Life: How Much Do You Know About Culture and Intolerance Toward Others?	75	(17)
You Can Make A Difference: Understanding People from Other Cultures	92	(5)
Sociology In Global Perspective: Popular Culture, the Internet, and Cultural Imperialism	97	(3)
Framing Culture In The Media: Is It Entertainment, or Is It Advertising?	100	(6)
Socialization	106
Why Is Socialization Important Around the Globe?	108	(4)
Human Development: Biology and Society	109	(1)
Problems Associated with Social Isolation and Maltreatment	110	(2)
Social Psychological Theories of Human Development	112	(5)
Freud and the Psychoanalytic Perspective	112	(1)
Erikson and Psychosocial Development	113	(2)
Piaget and Cognitive Development	115	(1)
Kohlberg and the Stages of Moral Development	116	(1)
Gilligan's View on Gender and Moral Development	116	(1)
Sociological Theories of Human Development	117	(5)
Cooley, Mead, and Symbolic Interactionist Perspectives	118	(2)
Recent Symbolic Interactionist Perspectives	120	(1)
Ecological Perspectives	121	(1)
Agents of Socialization	122	(6)
The Family	122
The School	23	(102)
Peer Groups	125	(2)
Mass Media	127	(1)
Gender and Racial---Ethnic Socialization	128	(2)
Socialization Through the Life Course	130	(2)
Infancy and Childhood	130	(1)
Adolescence	131	(1)
Adulthood	131	(1)
Resocialization	132	(1)
Voluntary Resocialization	132	(1)
Involuntary Resocialization	132	(1)
Socialization in the Future	133
Sociology And Everyday Life: How Much Do You Know About Early Socialization and Child Care?	109	(15)
Sociology In Global Perspective: Stay-at-Home Dads: Socialization for Kids and Resocialization for Parents	124	(2)
Sociology And Social Policy: Who Should Pay for Child Care?	126	(7)
You Can Make A Difference: Helping a Child Reach Adulthood	133
PART 2 - Social Groups And Social Control	5	(3)
Society, Social Structure, And Interaction	136	(34)
Social Structure: The Macrolevel Perspective	138	(1)
Components of Social Structure	139	(10)
Status	139	(5)
Roles	144	(2)
Groups	146	(1)
Social Institutions	147	(2)
Societies, Technology, and Sociocultural Change	149	(5)
Hunting and Gathering Societies	149	(1)
Horticultural and Pastoral Societies	150	(1)
Agrarian Societies	151	(1)
Industrial Societies	152	(1)
Postindustrial Societies	153	(1)
Stability and Change in Societies	154	(1)
Durkheim: Mechanical and Organic Solidarity	154	(1)
Tonnies: Gemeinschaft and Gesellschaft	155	(1)
Social Structure and Homelessness	155	(1)
Social Interaction: The Microlevel Perspective	155	(11)
Social Interaction and Meaning	156	(2)
The Social Construction of Reality	158	(3)
Ethnomethodology	161	(1)
Dramaturgical Analysis	161	(2)
The Sociology of Emotions	163	(1)
Nonverbal Communication	163	(3)
Future Changes in Society, Social Structure, and Interaction	166	(4)
Sociology And Everyday Life: How Much Do You Know About Homeless Persons?	139	(4)
Framing Homelessness In The Media: Thematic and Episodic Framing	143	(16)
Sociology And Social Policy: Homeless Rights Versus Public Space	159	(8)
You Can Make A Difference: One Person's Trash May Be Another Person's Treasure: Recycling for Good Causes	167	(3)
Groups And Organizations	170	(34)
Social Groups	172	(5)
Groups, Aggregates, and Categories	172	(1)
Types of Groups	173	(4)
Group Characteristics and Dynamics	177	(9)
Group Size	178	(2)
Group Leadership	180	(1)
Group Conformity	180	(4)
Groupthink	184	(1)
Social Exchange/Rational Choice Theories	184	(2)
Formal Organizations in Global Perspective	186	(12)
Types of Formal Organizations	187	(1)
Bureaucracies	188	(6)
Shortcomings of Bureaucracies	194	(4)
Bureaucracy and Oligarchy	198	(1)
Alternative Forms of Organization	198	(3)
Organizational Structure in Japan	198	(3)
Organizations in the Future	201	(3)
Sociology And Everyday Life: How Much Do You Know About Privacy in Groups and Organizations?	173	(3)
Framing Community In The Media: ``Virtual Communities'' on the Internet	176	(16)
Sociology And Social Policy: Computer Privacy in the Workplace	192	(8)
You Can Make A Difference: Creating Small Communities of Our Own Within Large Organizations	200	(4)
Deviance And Crime	204
What Is Deviance?	206	(4)
Who Defines Deviance?	207	(2)
What Is Social Control?	209	(1)
Functionalist Perspectives on Deviance	210	(4)
What Causes Deviance, and Why Is It Functional for Society?	210	(1)
Strain Theory: Goals and Means to Achieve Them	211	(2)
Opportunity Theory: Access to Illegitimate Opportunities	213	(1)
Symbolic Interactionist Perspectives on Deviance	214	(4)
Differential Association Theory and Differential Reinforcement Theory	214	(1)
Rational Choice Theory	215	(1)
Control Theory: Social Bonding	215	(1)
Labeling Theory	216	(2)
Conflict Perspectives on Deviance	218	(3)
Deviance and Power Relations	218	(1)
Deviance and Capitalism	218	(1)
Feminist Approaches	219	(1)
Approaches Focusing on Race, Class, and Gender	220	(1)
Postmodernist Perspectives on Deviance	221	(2)
Crime Classifications and Statistics	223	(8)
How the Law Classifies Crime	223	(1)
How Sociologists Classify Crime	223	(3)
Crime Statistics	226	(1)
Terrorism and Crime	227	(1)
Street Crimes and Criminals	228	(2)
Crime Victims	230	(1)
The Criminal Justice System	231	(6)
The Police	231	(1)
The Courts	232	(1)
Punishment and Corrections	233	(3)
The Death Penalty	236	(1)
Deviance and Crime in the United States in the Future	237	(2)
The Global Criminal Economy	239
Sociology And Everyday Life: How Much Do You Know About Peer Cliques, Youth Gangs, and Deviance?	207	(27)
Sociology And Social Policy: Juvenile Offenders and ``Equal Justice Under Law''	234	(4)
You Can Make A Difference: Combating Delinquency and Crime at an Early Age	238	(2)
Sociology In Global Perspective: The Global Reach of Russian Organized Crime	240
PART 3 - Social Inequality	8	(5)
Class And Stratification In The United States	244	(34)
What Is Social Stratification?	246	(1)
Systems of Stratification	247	(4)
Slavery	247	(2)
The Caste System	249	(1)
The Class System	250	(1)
Classical Perspectives on Social Class	251	(4)
Karl Marx: Relationship to the Means of Production	251	(2)
Max Weber: Wealth, Prestige, and Power	253	(2)
Contemporary Sociological Models of the U.S. Class Structure	255	(8)
The Weberian Model of the U.S. Class Structure	255	(5)
The Marxian Model of the U.S. Class Structure	260	(3)
Inequality in the United States	263	(6)
Distribution of Income and Wealth	263	(3)
Consequences of Inequality	266	(3)
Poverty in the United States	269	(3)
Who Are the Poor?	270	(1)
Economic and Structural Sources of Poverty	271	(1)
Solving the Poverty Problem	272	(1)
Sociological Explanations of Social Inequality in the United States	272	(2)
Functionalist Perspectives	272	(1)
Conflict Perspectives	273	(1)
Symbolic Interactionist Perspectives	273	(1)
U.S. Stratification in the Future	274	(4)
Sociology And Everyday Life: How Much Do You Know About Wealth, Poverty, and the American Dream?	247	(11)
Framing Class In The Media: Television's New Look at Family Life	258	(10)
Sociology And Social Policy: Welfare Reform and Its Aftermath	268	(7)
You Can Make A Difference: Feeding the Hungry	275	(3)
Global Stratification	278	(30)
Wealth and Poverty in Global Perspective	280	(3)
Problems in Studying Global Inequality	283	(3)
The ``Three Worlds'' Approach	283	(1)
The Levels of Development Approach	284	(2)
Classification of Economies by Income	286	(3)
Low-Income Economies	286	(1)
Middle-Income Economies	287	(2)
High-Income Economies	289	(1)
Measuring Global Wealth and Poverty	289	(2)
Absolute, Relative, and Subjective Poverty	290	(1)
The Gini Coefficient and Global Quality of Life Issues	291	(1)
Global Poverty and Human Development Issues	291	(5)
Life Expectancy	291	(2)
Health	293	(1)
Education and Literacy	294	(1)
Persistent Gaps in Human Development	295	(1)
Theories of Global Inequality	296	(7)
Development and Modernization Theory	296	(3)
Dependency Theory	299	(1)
World Systems Theory	300	(1)
The New International Division of Labor Theory	301	(2)
Global Inequality in the Future	303	(5)
Sociology And Everyday Life: How Much Do You Know About Global Wealth and Poverty?	281	(7)
Sociology In Global Perspective: Poverty and the Curse of Civil War in Africa	288	(6)
Sociology And Social Policy: Should We in the United States Do Something About Child Labor in Other Nations?	294	(10)
You Can Make A Difference: Global Networking to Reduce World Hunger and Poverty	304	(4)
Race And Ethnicity	308	(36)
Race and Ethnicity	310	(4)
The Social Significance of Race and Ethnicity	311	(2)
Racial Classifications and the Meaning of Race	313	(1)
Dominant and Subordinate Groups	314	(1)
Prejudice	314	(4)
Stereotypes	314	(1)
Racism	315	(1)
Theories of Prejudice	315	(1)
Measuring Prejudice	316	(2)
Discrimination	318	(1)
Sociological Perspectives on Race and Ethnic Relations	319	(6)
Symbolic Interactionist Perspectives	319	(1)
Functionalist Perspectives	320	(1)
Conflict Perspectives	321	(4)
An Alternative Perspective: Critical Race Theory	325	(1)
Racial and Ethnic Groups in the United States	325	(15)
Native Americans	325	(3)
White Anglo-Saxon Protestants (British Americans)	328	(1)
African Americans	329	(4)
White Ethnic Americans	333	(1)
Asian Americans	334	(2)
Latinos/as (Hispanic Americans)	336	(3)
Middle Eastern Americans	339	(1)
Global Racial and Ethnic Inequality in the Future	340	(4)
Worldwide Racial and Ethnic Struggles	340	(1)
Growing Racial and Ethnic Diversity in the United States	340
Sociology And Everyday Life: How Much Do You Know About Race, Ethnicity, and Sports?	311	(5)
Sociology In Global Perspective: Racism and Anti-Racism in European Football	316	(6)
Framing Race In The Media: Do Multiracial Scenes in Television Ads Reflect Reality?	322	(19)
You Can Make A Difference: Working for Racial Harmony	341	(3)
Sex And Gender	344	(34)
Sex: The Biological Dimension	347	(2)
Hermaphrodites/Transsexuals	347	(1)
Sexual Orientation	348	(1)
Gender: The Cultural Dimension	349	(3)
The Social Significance of Gender	351	(1)
Sexism	352	(1)
Gender Stratification in Historical and Contemporary Perspective	352	(4)
Preindustrial Societies	353	(1)
Industrial Societies	353	(2)
Postindustrial Societies	355	(1)
Gender and Socialization	356	(9)
Gender Socialization by Parents	357	(1)
Peers and Gender Socialization	358	(2)
Teachers, Schools, and Gender Socialization	360	(1)
Sports and Gender Socialization	361	(1)
The Media and Gender Socialization	362	(1)
Adult Gender Socialization	363	(2)
Contemporary Gender Inequality	365	(5)
Gendered Division of Paid Work	366	(1)
Pay Equity (Comparable Worth)	367	(2)
Paid Work and Family Work	369	(1)
Perspectives on Gender Stratification	370	(5)
Functionalist and Neoclassical Economic Perspectives	370	(1)
Conflict Perspectives	371	(1)
Feminist Perspectives	372	(3)
Gender Issues in the Future	375	(3)
Sociology And Everday Life: How Much Do You Know About Body Image and Gender?	348	(6)
Sociology In Global Perspective: Oppression, Resistance, and the Women of Afghanistan	354	(10)
Framing Gender In The Media: ``You Can Never Be Too Beautiful'' and Teen Plastic Surgery	364	(9)
You Can Make A Difference: Joining Organizations to Overcome Sexism and Gender Inequality	373	(5)
Aging And Inequality Based On Age	378
The Social Significance of Age	380	(4)
Trends in Aging	381	(1)
Age in Historical and Contemporary Perspectives	382	(2)
Age in Global Perspective	384	(1)
Preindustrial Societies	384	(1)
Industrial and Postindustrial Societies	384	(1)
A Case Study: Aging, Gender, and Japanese Society	385	(1)
Age and the Life Course in Contemporary Society	385	(6)
Infancy and Childhood	386	(1)
Adolescence	387	(1)
Young Adulthood	388	(1)
Middle Adulthood	388	(1)
Late Adulthood	389	(2)
Inequalities Related to Aging	391	(8)
Ageism	391	(4)
Wealth, Poverty, and Aging	395	(1)
Age, Gender, and Inequality	396	(1)
Age and Race/Ethnicity	397	(1)
Older People in Rural Areas	398	(1)
Elder Abuse	398	(1)
Living Arrangements for Older Adults	399	(2)
Support Services, Homemaker Services, and Day Care	399	(1)
Housing Alternatives	399	(1)
Nursing Homes	400	(1)
Sociological Perspectives on Aging	401	(3)
Functionalist Perspectives on Aging	401	(1)
Symbolic Interactionist Perspectives on Aging	402	(1)
Conflict Perspectives on Aging	403	(1)
Death and Dying	404	(1)
Aging in the Future	405
Sociology And Everyday Life: How Much Do You Know About Aging and Age-Based Discrimination?	381	(11)
Sociology And Social Policy: Driving While Elderly: Policies Pertaining to Age and Driving	392	(2)
Framing Aging In The Media: ``Old But Human All the Same''	394	(8)
You Can Make A Difference: Finding a Nursing Home for an Older Relative	402
PART 4 - Social Institutions	13	(6)
The Economy And Work In Global Perspective	408	(36)
Comparing the Sociology of Economic Life with Economics	410	(1)
Economic Systems in Global Perspective	411	(7)
Preindustrial Economies	412	(1)
Industrial Economies	413	(2)
Postindustrial Economies	415	(3)
Contemporary World Economic Systems	418	(6)
Capitalism	418	(4)
Socialism	422	(2)
Mixed Economies	424	(1)
Perspectives on Economy and Work in the United States	424	(2)
Functionalist Perspective	424	(1)
Conflict Perspective	425	(1)
Symbolic Interactionist Perspective	425	(1)
The Social Organization of Work	426	(7)
Occupations	426	(1)
Professions	426	(3)
Managers and the Managed	429	(1)
The Lower Tier of the Service Sector and Marginal Jobs	430	(2)
Contingent Work	432	(1)
Unemployment	433	(1)
Worker Resistance and Activism	434	(3)
Labor Unions	434	(2)
Absenteeism, Sabotage, and Resistance	436	(1)
Employment Opportunities for Persons with a Disability	437	(1)
The Global Economy in the Future	438	(6)
The U.S. Economy	438	(1)
Global Economic Interdependence and Competition	438
Sociology And Everyday Life: How Much Do You Know About the Economy and the World of Work?	411	(6)
Sociology In Global Perspective: McDonalds Golden Arches as a Lightning Rod	417	(22)
You Can Make A Difference: Creating Access to Information Technologies for Workers with Disabilities	439	(1)
Sociology And Social Policy: Does Globalization Change the Nature of Social Policy?	440	(4)
Politics And Government In Global Perspective	444	(32)
Politics, Power, and Authority	446	(4)
Political Science and Political Sociology	447	(2)
Power and Authority	449	(1)
Ideal Types of Authority	449	(1)
Political Systems in Global Perspective	450	(6)
Monarchy	451	(1)
Authoritarianism	452	(1)
Totalitarianism	453	(1)
Democracy	454	(2)
Perspectives on Power and Political Systems	456	(4)
Functionalist Perspectives: The Pluralist Model	456	(1)
Conflict Perspectives: Elite Models	457	(3)
Critique of Pluralist and Elite Models	460	(1)
The U.S. Political System	460	(4)
Political Parties and Elections	460	(2)
Political Participation and Voter Apathy	462	(2)
Governmental Bureaucracy	464	(4)
Characteristics of the Federal Bureaucracy	464	(3)
The Iron Triangle and the Military---Industrial Complex	467	(1)
The Military and Militarism	468	(2)
Explanations for Militarism	469	(1)
Gender, Race, and the Military	469	(1)
Terrorism and War	470	(2)
Types of Terrorism	470	(1)
Terrorism in the United States	471	(1)
War	471	(1)
Politics and Government in the Future	472	(4)
Sociology And Everyday Life: How Much Do You Know About the Media?	447	(5)
Sociology In Global Perspective: The European Union: Transcending National Borders and Governments	452	(3)
Framing Politics In The Media: Hero Framing and the Selling of an Agenda	455	(18)
You Can Make A Difference: Keeping an Eye on the Media	473	(3)
Families And Intimate Relationships	476	(32)
Families in Global Perspective	478	(7)
Family Structure and Characteristics	479	(2)
Marriage Patterns	481	(1)
Patterns of Descent and Inheritance	482	(1)
Power and Authority in Families	483	(1)
Residential Patterns	483	(2)
Theoretical Perspectives on Families	485	(3)
Functionalist Perspectives	485	(1)
Conflict and Feminist Perspectives	486	(1)
Symbolic Interactionist Perspectives	487	(1)
Postmodernist Perspectives	488	(1)
Developing Intimate Relationships and Establishing Families	488	(6)
Love and Intimacy	489	(1)
Cohabitation and Domestic Partnerships	490	(1)
Marriage	491	(1)
Housework and Child-Care Responsibilities	491	(3)
Child-Related Family Issues and Parenting	494	(3)
Deciding to Have Children	494	(1)
Adoption	495	(1)
Teenage Pregnancies	495	(1)
Single-Parent Households	496	(1)
Two-Parent Households	497	(1)
Transitions and Problems in Families	497	(4)
Family Violence	497	(1)
Children in Foster Care	498	(1)
Divorce	498	(3)
Remarriage	501	(1)
Diversity in Families	501	(4)
Diversity Among Singles	501	(1)
African American Families	502	(1)
Latina/o Families	503	(1)
Asian American Families	504	(1)
Native American Families	504	(1)
Biracial Families	505	(1)
Family Issues in the Future	505	(3)
Sociology And Everyday Life: How Much Do You Know About Contemporary Trends in U.S. Family Life?	479	(5)
Sociology In Global Perspective: Fukugan Shufu: Changing Terminology and Family Life In Japan	484	(8)
Sociology And Social Policy: Should the U.S. Constitution Be Amended to Define ``Marriage''?	492	(7)
You Can Make A Difference: Providing Hope and Help for Children	499	(9)
Education	508	(40)
An Overview of Education	510	(1)
Education in Historical---global Perspective	510	(5)
Informal Education in Preliterate Societies	510	(1)
Formal Education in Preindustrial, Industrial, and Postindustrial Societies	511	(2)
Contemporary Education in Other Nations	513	(2)
Sociological Perspectives on Education	515	(10)
Functionalist Perspectives	515	(3)
Conflict Perspectives	518	(4)
Symbolic Interactionist Perspectives	522	(2)
Postmodernist Perspectives	524	(1)
Inequalities Among Elementary and Secondary Schools	525	(4)
Inequality in Public Schools Versus Private Schools	525	(1)
Unequal Funding of Public Schools	526	(1)
Inequality Within Public School Systems	526	(2)
Racial Segregation and Resegregation	528	(1)
Problems Within Elementary and Secondary Schools	529	(4)
School Discipline and Teaching Styles	529	(1)
Bullying, Teasing, and Sexual Harassment	530	(1)
School Violence	531	(1)
Dropping Out	532	(1)
Opportunities and Challenges in Colleges and Universities	533	(5)
Opportunities and Challenges in Community Colleges	533	(1)
Opportunities and Challenges in Four-Year Colleges and Universities	534	(1)
The Soaring Cost of a College Education	534	(1)
Racial and Ethnic Differences in Enrollment	535	(1)
The Lack of Faculty Diversity	536	(1)
The Debate Over Affirmative Action	537	(1)
Future Issues and Trends in Education	538	(10)
Academic Standards and Functional Illiteracy	538	(1)
The Debate Over Bilingual Education	539	(1)
Equalizing Opportunities for Students with Disabilities	540	(1)
School Vouchers	541	(1)
Charter Schools and ``For Profit Schools''	542	(1)
Home Schooling	543	(1)
Concluding Thoughts	544
Sociology And Everyday Life: How Much Do You Know About U.S. Education?	511	(19)
Framing Education In The Media: Do High School Students Rule in TV Land?	530	(11)
You Can Make A Difference: Reaching Out to Youth: College Student Tutors	541	(1)
Sociology And Social Policy: The Ongoing Debate Over School Vouchers	542	(6)
Religion	548	(32)
The Sociological Study of Religion	550	(4)
Religion and the Meaning of Life	551	(2)
Religion and Scientific Explanations	553	(1)
Sociological Perspectives on Religion	554	(8)
Functionalist Perspectives on Religion	554	(4)
Conflict Perspectives on Religion	558	(3)
Symbolic Interactionist Perspectives on Religion	561	(1)
World Religions	562	(9)
Hinduism	562	(2)
Buddhism	564	(1)
Confucianism	565	(1)
Judaism	566	(2)
Islam	568	(1)
Christianity	569	(2)
Types of Religious Organization	571	(2)
Ecclesia	571	(1)
The Church---Sect Typology	571	(1)
Cults	572	(1)
Trends in Religion in the United States	573	(2)
Religion and Social Inequality	574	(1)
Race and Class in Central-City and Suburban Churches	574	(1)
Secularization and the Rise of Religious Fundamentalism	575	(1)
Religion in the Future	575	(5)
Sociology And Everyday Life: How Much Do You Know About the Effect of Religion on U.S. Education?	551	(5)
Framing Religion In The Media: Shaping the Intersections of Science and Religion	556	(2)
Sociology And Social Policy: Should Prayer Be Allowed in Public Schools? Issues of Separation of Church and State	558	(18)
You Can Make A Difference: Understanding and Tolerating Religious and Cultural Differences	576	(4)
Health, Health Care, And Disability	580
Health in Global Perspective	582	(2)
Health in the United States	584	(6)
Social Epidemiology	584	(3)
Lifestyle Factors	587	(3)
Health Care in the United States	590	(10)
The Rise of Scientific Medicine and Professionalism	590	(2)
Medicine Today	592	(1)
Paying for Medical Care in the United States	593	(3)
Paying for Medical Care in Other Nations	596	(1)
Social Implications of Advanced Medical Technology	597	(2)
Holistic Medicine and Alternative Medicine	599	(1)
Sociological Perspectives on Health and Medicine	600	(4)
A Functionalist Perspective: The Sick Role	600	(1)
A Conflict Perspective: Inequalities in Health and Health Care	601	(1)
A Symbolic Interactionist Perspective: The Social Construction of Illness	602	(2)
A Postmodernist Perspective: The Clinical Gaze	604	(1)
Mental Illness	604	(4)
The Treatment of Mental Illness	605	(1)
Race, Class, Gender, and Mental Disorders	606	(2)
Disability	608	(5)
Sociological Perspectives on Disability	609	(1)
Social Inequalities Based on Disability	610	(3)
Health Care in the Future	613
Sociology And Everyday Life: How Much Do You Know About Health, Illness, and Health Care?	583	(12)
Sociology And Social Policy: Medicare and Medicaid: The Pros and Cons of Government-Funded Medical Care	595	(3)
Framing Health Issues In The Media: Death and Dying as a Television Spectacle	598	(14)
You Can Make A Difference: Joining the Fight Against Illness and Disease!	612
PART 5 - Social Dynamics And Social Change	19	(660)
Population And Urbanization	616	(32)
Demography: The Study of Population	618	(5)
Fertility	619	(1)
Mortality	620	(1)
Migration	621	(1)
Population Composition	622	(1)
Population Growth in Global Context	623	(4)
The Malthusian Perspective	623	(2)
The Marxist Perspective	625	(1)
The Neo-Malthusian Perspective	625	(1)
Demographic Transition Theory	626	(1)
Other Perspectives on Population Change	626	(1)
A Brief Glimpse at International Migration Theories	627	(2)
Urbanization in Global Perspective	629	(2)
Emergence and Evolution of the City	629	(1)
Preindustrial Cities	630	(1)
Industrial Cities	630	(1)
Postindustrial Cities	631	(1)
Perspectives on Urbanization and the Growth of Cities	631	(6)
Functionalist Perspectives: Ecological Models	632	(2)
Conflict Perspectives: Political Economy Models	634	(1)
Symbolic Interactionist Perspectives: The Experience of City Life	635	(2)
Problems in Global Cities	637	(2)
Urban Problems in the United States	639	(3)
Divided Interests: Cities, Suburbs, and Beyond	640	(2)
The Continuing Fiscal Crises of the Cities	642	(1)
Rural Community Issues in the United States	642	(2)
Population and Urbanization in the Future	644	(4)
Sociology And Everyday Life: How Much Do You Know About Migration?	619	(9)
Framing Immigration In The Media: Media Framing and Public Opinion	628	(12)
Sociology In Global Perspective: Urban Migration and the ``Garbage Problem''	640	(5)
You Can Make A Difference: Working Toward Better Communities	645	(3)
Collective Behavior, Social Movements, And Social Change	648	(31)
Collective Behavior	650	(11)
Conditions for Collective Behavior	650	(3)
Dynamics of Collective Behavior	653	(1)
Distinctions Regarding Collective Behavior	653	(1)
Types of Crowd Behavior	654	(2)
Explanations of Crowd Behavior	656	(1)
Mass Behavior	657	(4)
Social Movements	661	(3)
Types of Social Movements	663	(1)
Stages in Social Movements	664	(1)
Social Movement Theories	664	(5)
Relative Deprivation Theory	664	(1)
Value-Added Theory	665	(1)
Resource Mobilization Theory	666	(1)
Social Constructionist Theory: Frame Analysis	667	(1)
New Social Movement Theory	668	(1)
Social Change in the Future	669	(10)
The Physical Environment and Change	670	(1)
Population and Change	671	(1)
Technology and Change	672	(2)
Social Institutions and Change	674	(1)
A Few Final Thoughts	675
Sociology And Everyday Life: How Much Do You Know About Collective Behavior and Environmental Issues?	651	(9)
Sociology In Global Perspective: ``Flash Mobs'': Collective Behavior in the Information Age	660	(12)
Sociology And Social Policy: The Fight Over Water Rights	672	(3)
You Can Make A Difference: Recycling for Tomorrow	675	(4)
Glossary	679	(10)
References	689	(31)
Photo Credits	720	(1)
Name Index	721	(7)
Subject Index	728