State And Society In The Philippines

by Abinales, Patricio N.; Amoroso, Donna J.

• ISBN13: 9780742510241
• ISBN10: 0742510247
• Format: Paperback
• Copyright: 2005-04-21
• Publisher: Rowman & Littlefield Publishers

Summary

This thoughtful book explores the enduring tensions between state and society in the Philippines by tracing its history of state formation and the corresponding conflicts and collaborations between state leaders and social forces. One horn of the dilemma

Author Biography

Donna J. Amoroso is visiting associate professor at the National Graduate Institute for Policy Studies, Tokyo.

Table of Contents

List of Boxes	xi
Preface	xv
Philippine Timeline	xvii
1 Introducing Philippine Politics	1	(18)
The Book's Approach	3	(3)
Conceptual Tools	6	(4)
The State	6	(3)
Social Forces	9	(1)
Basic Information about the Philippines	10	(9)
Location and Geography	10	(1)
People and Practices	11	(1)
Political Administration and Political Power	12	(4)
Economic Realities	16	(3)
2 The Philippines in Maritime Asia to the Fourteenth Century	19	(22)
Early Southeast Asian Polities	19	(8)
Localities and Leadership	19	(5)
Localization and the Growth of Regional Networks	24	(3)
Early Communities in the Philippine Archipelago	27	(4)
Spatial and Spiritual Arrangement	27	(1)
Social Stratification: A Web of Interdependence	28	(3)
Trade, Tribute, and Warfare in a Regional Context	31	(10)
Relations between Settlements	31	(3)
Connections within and beyond the Archipelago	34	(3)
An Early Legal Document	37	(4)
3 New States and Reorientations, 1368-1764	41	(34)
Transformations in Commerce and Religion	41	(12)
Islam	42	(3)
Christianity	45	(4)
Conquest and Division	49	(4)
Spanish Rule: Social, Spatial, and Spiritual Redefinition	53	(13)
Reducción and Friar Power	53	(7)
Reshaping the Economy to Pay for Colonization	60	(4)
The Chinese: Essential Outsiders	64	(2)
Origins of the Weak State	66	(9)
Balance of Power in the Clerical-Secular State	66	(2)
Territorial Stalemate	68	(2)
The British Occupation	70	(5)
4 State and Societies, 1764-1898	75	(27)
The Imperative to Reform	75	(1)
The New Economy	76	(8)
Export Agriculture	76	(4)
The Importance of Land	80	(4)
Reforming the State	84	(12)
System-Wide Reform	84	(4)
Provincial and Municipal Government	88	(4)
Education	92	(3)
Mapping the Peripheries	95	(1)
Social Formation and State Response	96	(6)
Philippine "Societies"	96	(2)
Filipinos	98	(4)
5 Nation and States, 1872-1913	102	(32)
The Final Years of Spanish Rule	102	(7)
Conflict within the Church	103	(1)
Struggle against Church and State	104	(5)
The Philippine Revolution and the First Republic	109	(10)
The Katipunan	109	(4)
The Malolos Republic	113	(4)
The Philippine-American War	117	(2)
The Early Years of American Rule	119	(15)
State Building	119	(4)
Parallel State Building in the Special Provinces	123	(2)
Conservative Nationalism	125	(3)
The Continuing Revolutionary Tradition	128	(6)
6 The Filipino Colonial State, 1902-1946	134	(33)
"Politics" and the Philippine Assembly	134	(5)
Filipinization	139	(14)
Tammany Hall in Manila	139	(2)
Crony Capitalism circa the 1920's	141	(2)
Restraining "Politics"	143	(4)
Popular Insurgency	147	(6)
The Commonwealth Republic of the Philippines	153	(6)
The Origins of Philippine Authoritarianism?	153	(4)
Social Changes on the Eve of World War II	157	(2)
World War II and the Second Republic	159	(8)
7 All Politics Is Local, 1946-1964	167	(26)
The Republic of the Philippines	167	(12)
The End of "Partyless Democracy"	168	(2)
A Fragile Economy	170	(3)
The Huk Rebellion	173	(4)
The Weak State	177	(2)
Reforming the State through Electoral Politics	179	(7)
"My Guy Magsaysay"	179	(3)
A Patchwork State	182	(3)
National Development	185	(1)
Postwar Nationalism	186	(3)
Postwar Democracy	189	(4)
8 Marcos, 1965-1986	193	(37)
The Presidency of Ferdinand Marcos	193	(12)
"This Nation Can Be Great Again"	194	(4)
Reform or Radical Change?	198	(7)
The "U.S.-Marcos Dictatorship"	205	(25)
Heyday	205	(8)
Decline	213	(3)
Resistance	216	(5)
Collapse	221	(9)
9 Democratization, 1986-1998	230	(36)
State and Society after the Fall	230	(12)
Aquino's Legacy	231	(6)
Reformists and Trapos	237	(5)
Economic Recovery and State Rebuilding	242	(11)
Between Recovery and Crisis	242	(2)
A Declaration of State Strength	244	(9)
Democratization and the Chinese-Filipino Community	253	(3)
The Unraveling of "Philippines 2000"	256	(10)
10 Twenty-First-Century Philippine Politics	266	(43)
People Power Institutionalized	266	(12)
Movie Star Millenarianism	270	(3)
The Erap Presidency	273	(4)
Edsa 2 versus Edsa 3 (Poor People's Power)	277	(1)
Dreaming a "Strong Republic"	278	(12)
The 2004 Election: Machine Politics versus Media Populism	282	(2)
Arroyo's Challenge: Economic Governance	284	(6)
Current Issues	290	(19)
Presidential versus Parliamentary Government	290	(3)
Muslim Separatism	293	(1)
Population Policy	294	(4)
The Filipino Diaspora	298	(11)
Glossary	309	(4)
Bibliography	313	(22)
Index	335	(18)
About the Authors	353