Study Guide for Concise Introduction to Logic

by Hurley, Patrick J.

• ISBN13: 9780534505363
• ISBN10: 0534505368
• Edition: Student
• Format: Paperback
• Copyright: 1996-08-01
• Publisher: Wadsworth Publishing

Table of Contents

CHAPTER 1 BASIC CONCEPTS	1	(16)
1.1 Arguments, Premises, and Conclusions	1	(2)
1.2 Recognizing Arguments	3	(3)
1.3 Deduction and Induction	6	(2)
1.4 Validity, Truth, Soundness, Strength, Cogency	8	(2)
1.5 Argument Forms: Proving Invalidity	10	(4)
1.6 Extended Arguments	14	(3)
CHAPTER 2 LANGUAGE: MEANING AND DEFINITION	17	(8)
2.1 Cognitive Meaning and Emotive Meaning	17	(1)
2.2 The Intension and Extension of Terms	17	(2)
2.3 Definitions and Their Purposes	19	(1)
2.4 Definitional Techniques	20	(2)
2.5 Criteria for Lexical Definitions	22	(3)
CHAPTER 3 INFORMAL FALLACIES	25	(14)
3.1 Fallacies in General	25	(1)
3.2 Fallacies of Relevance	26	(3)
3.3 Fallacies of Weak Induction	29	(3)
3.4 Fallacies of Presumption, Ambiguity, and Grammatical Analogy	32	(4)
3.5 Fallacies in Ordinary Language	36	(3)
CHAPTER 4 CATEGORICAL PROPOSITIONS	39	(18)
4.1 The Components of Categorical Propositions	39	(1)
4.2 Quality, Quantity, and Distribution	40	(1)
4.3 Venn Diagrams and the Modern Square of Opposition	41	(3)
4.4 Conversion, Obversion, and Contraposition	44	(3)
4.5 The Traditional Square of Opposition	47	(3)
4.6 Venn Diagrams and the Traditional Standpoint	50	(3)
4.7 Translating Ordinary Language Statements into Categorical Form	53	(4)
CHAPTER 5 CATEGORICAL SYLLOGISMS	57	(16)
5.1 Standard Mood, Form, and Figure	57	(4)
5.2 Venn Diagrams	61	(2)
5.3 Rules and Fallacies	63	(3)
5.4 Reducing the Number of Terms	66	(1)
5.5 Ordinary Language Arguments	67	(2)
5.6 Enthymemes	69	(1)
5.7 Sorites	69	(4)
CHAPTER 6 PROPOSITIONAL LOGIC	73	(12)
6.1 Symbols and Translation	73	(2)
6.2 Truth Functions	75	(2)
6.3 Truth Tables for Propositions	77	(2)
6.4 Truth Tables for Arguments	79	(2)
6.5 Indirect Truth Tables	81	(1)
6.6 Argument Forms and Fallacies	82	(3)
CHAPTER 7 NATURAL DEDUCTION IN PROPOSITIONAL LOGIC	85	(16)
7.1 Rules of Implication I	85	(2)
7.2 Rules of Implication II	87	(3)
7.3 Rules of Replacement I	90	(2)
7.4 Rules of Replacement II	92	(2)
7.5 Conditional Proof	94	(2)
7.6 Indirect Proof	96	(2)
7.7 Proving Logical Truths	98	(3)
CHAPTER 8 PREDICATE LOGIC	101	(18)
8.1 Symbols and Translation	101	(2)
8.2 Using the Rules of Inference	103	(3)
8.3 Change of Quantifier Rules	106	(1)
8.4 Conditional and Indirect Proof	107	(2)
8.5 Proving Invalidity	109	(2)
8.6 Relational Predicates and Overlapping Quantifiers	111	(4)
8.7 Indentity	115	(4)
CHAPTER 9 INDUCTION	119	(10)
9.1 Analogy and Legal and Moral Reasoning	119	(2)
9.2 Causality and Mill's Methods	121	(1)
9.3 Probability	122	(3)
9.4 Statistical Reasoning	125	(2)
9.5 Hypothetical Reasoning	127	(2)
ANSWERS TO ADDITIONAL EXERCISES	129