Sustainable Recovery of Rare Earth Elements

by Karamalidis, Athanasios K.; Eggert, Roderick

• ISBN13: 9781119515036
• ISBN10: 1119515033
• eBook ISBN(s): 9781119515043
• Edition: 1st
• Format: Hardcover
• Copyright: 2024-02-28
• Publisher: American Geophysical Union
• More Book Details
• Purchase Benefits

Summary

Modern technologies increasingly rely on a diverse group of materials to enable their functionalities. Those materials which are both essential to system performance and at risk of supply disruptions are deemed critical. The prime examples of current critical materials are the rare-earth elements (REE), which deliver immense value in civilian industries, including in renewable energy, chemical catalysis, metallurgy, and advanced manufacturing, and unmatched performance in a long list of military applications. Development and deployment of new technologies in these areas is constrained by concerns about availability of rare earths, the stability of their supply chains and the environmental damage caused by their production. A key to enhancing and stabilizing rare-earth supplies is technology development that will enhance conventional sources of rare earths, as well as unlock unconventional sources at mines and from manufacturing wastes and in end-of-life products – in ways that adequately protect the natural environment and human health. Rare earth elements and critical materials, thus, in general, are being viewed often as isolated chemical substances with their fundamental atomic properties that are used in various applications. However, due to the important role they play in the modern technology as well their geographic distribution, they are considered as new spices of the 21st century.

Volume highlights include:

• Covers the big picture of the interconnectivity between the technical aspects of critical material resource recovery and economics
• Discusses the unconventional sources for REE and their potential role in global market
• Discovers advancements in separation technologies in the era beyond solvent extraction
• Describes history of critical materials and the dramatic increase in the number of elements used in engineered materials, components and systems making REEs the new trading commodities and bargaining chips between countries
• Describes the energy-resource/mineral recovery nexus and future and alternative uses of traditional REE

Rare Earth Elements: Sustainable Processing, Purification, and Recovery is a valuable resource for earth scientists, environmental scientists, sedimentary geochemists, mineralogists, biogeoscientists, economic geologists, and some industrial and government researchers. Besides, chemical engineers, material scientists, environmental engineers, natural resource economists also might find this volume a useful reference.

Table of Contents

Preface
Contents
Bibliography of Contributors

Rare Earths and Economics

1. Chapter - 1: Rare earths and Applications (Peter Bucholz; German Mineral Resources Agency)

2. Chapter - 2: Occurrence and abundance of Rare earths in conventional and unconventional sources

3. Chapter - 3: Global forecast on Rare earth supply and demand (Thomas Graedel; Yale Univ.)

4. Chapter - 4: Environmental Impacts of REEs and sustainability (Mamadou Diallo; Caltech)

5. Chapter - 5: Evaluation of conventional resources (Alexandre Chagnes; Head of EU PROMETHEE)

Resource Recovery

6. Chapter - 6: Sustainability of processing conventional resources – How do the economics look? (Rod Eggert; Colorado School of Mines)

7. Chapter - 7: Processing of REEs from primary resources - a merit/demerit comparison (Nicholas Arndt and Olivier Vidal; Univ Grenoble)

8. Chapter - 8: Processing of REEs from unconventional resources – Coal Ash (Athanasios Karamalidis; Carnegie Mellon University)

9. Chapter - 9: Processing of REEs from unconventional resources – Bauxite Residues

10. Chapter - 10: Processing of REEs unconventional resources – Phosphate Waste

11. Chapter - 11: Processing of REEs unconventional resources – Liquid Wastes

Advancements in Processing

12. Chapter - 12: Purification of REE – I (SX and potential of increased efficiency) (Koen Binnemans et al; Univ. Luven)

13. Chapter - 13: Purification of REE – II (SPE/IX and the new era of solid adsorbents) (Bruce Moyer; Separations Lead at Oak Ridge National Laboratory)

14. Chapter - 14: Purification of REE – III (Ionic liquids and other technologies)

15. Chapter - 15: Recycling of REE (Alain Rollat; Solvey or Markus Reuter; Helmholtz Insitute for Resource Recovery)

16. Chapter - 16: Future use of REE – Current case studies (?) and future innovative applications (Alex King; Director of Critical Materials Institute)