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9780824759001

Synaptic Plasticity: Basic Mechanisms to Clinical Applications

by Baudry; Michel
  • ISBN13:

    9780824759001

  • ISBN10:

    0824759001

  • eBook ISBN(s):

    9781040198933

  • Additional ISBN(s):

    9781040198933

  • Format: Hardcover
  • Copyright: 2005-04-12
  • Publisher: CRC Press

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Summary

This reference provides a clear understanding of the basic mechanisms of synaptic transmission and information processing and illustrates potential clinical applications for the recovery of lost function as a result of gene defects, injury, or disease-relating the most recent advances in the design of new therapeutics, the treatment of neurological disease and age-related loss of cognitive function, rehabilitation therapy, and neural engineering and computation.

Table of Contents

Preface iii
Contributors xvii
Memory: From Molecular Mechanisms to Clinical Applications
1(24)
Michel Baudry
Introduction
1(1)
LTP: A Cellular Mechanism for Learning and Memory
2(7)
Current Hypotheses for LTP/LTD Mechanisms
9(4)
Ampakines, LTP, and Memory
13(2)
Clinical Trials of Ampakines
15(1)
Conclusions
16(9)
References
16(9)
Synaptogenesis as a Correlate of Activity-Induced Plasticity
25(14)
Irina Nikonenko
Pascal Jourdain
Bemadett Boda
Dominique Muller
Introduction
25(1)
Changes in Spine Dynamics with Activity
26(1)
Modulation of Spine Morphology by Activity
26(2)
Evidence for Activity-Induced Synaptogenesis
28(2)
Postsynaptic Mechanisms Controlling Activity-Induced Synaptogenesis
30(1)
Activity-Induced Remodeling of Presynaptic Terminals
31(1)
Conclusions
32(7)
References
33(6)
Volume Transmission: Role in the Carry-Over Functional Effect in Tactile Vestibular Substitution?
39(14)
Paul Bach-y-Rita
Volume Transmission
39(3)
The History of Volume Transmission
42(2)
Computational Neuroscience VT Studies
44(3)
Carry-Over Functional Effect in Tactile Vestibular Substitution?
47(6)
References
48(5)
Lysosomal Dysfunction in Brain Aging and Neurodegeneration: Roles in Trophic Signaling and Neuroinflammation
53(22)
Xiaoning Bi
Lysosomal Dysfunction and Brain Aging
53(4)
Lysosomal Dysfunction and Trophic Endosomal Signaling
57(1)
Lysosomal Dysfunction and Neuroinflammation
58(4)
Roles of Lysosomal Dysfunction in Brain Aging and Neurodegeneration: A Hypothesis
62(13)
References
64(11)
Axonal Sprouting in the Adult Brain: Mechanisms of Lesion-Specific Sprouting of the Corticostriatal Pathway in Adult Rats
75(14)
Marie-Francoise Chesselet
S. Thomas Carmichael
Marc Shomer
Dorothy Harris
Veronique Riban
Introduction
75(1)
Lesion-Specific Axonal Sprouting of the Corticostriatal Pathway
76(4)
The Role of Electrophysiological Activity in Axonal Sprouting in the Adult Brain
80(5)
Myelin-Associated Proteins and Axonal Sprouting in the Adult Brain
85(1)
Conclusion
85(4)
References
86(3)
Behavioral Implications for the Activity Dependent Regulation of Neurotrophins
89(42)
Fernando Gomez-Pinilla
Shoshanna Vaynman
Introduction
89(1)
Cell Biology of NTs
90(5)
Neurotrophins and Neural Activity
95(6)
Neurotrophins and Learning and Memory
101(6)
Neurotrophins and Behavior and Lifestyle: Experience-Dependent Plasticity
107(11)
Conclusions and Research Demands
118(13)
References
118(13)
Estrogen Therapy for Prevention of Alzheimer's Disease But Not for Rehabilitation Following Onset of Disease: The Healthy Cell Bias of Estrogen Action
131(28)
Roberta Diaz Brinton
Introduction
131(1)
Alzheimer's Disease: A Potential Health Crisis
132(1)
Hormone Replacement Therapy (HRT) and Risk of Developing AD: Importance of the Time of Onset and the Type of HRT
133(7)
The Role of Estrogen in Cognitive Functions
140(6)
How Might Estrogen-Replacement Therapy Reduce the Risk of AD?
146(3)
Speculations on When to Intervene with Estrogen-Replacement Therapy
149(2)
Summary
151(8)
References
152(7)
The Use of PET to Evaluate Neural Plasticity and Repair in Rodent Brain
159(16)
Harley I. Kornblum
Keith J. Tatsukawa
S. Thomas Carmichael
Simon R. Cherry
Introduction
159(1)
Principles of PET
160(3)
Dedicated Lab Animal PET Scanners
163(1)
Studies of Glucose Utilization and Neuroplasticity
164(4)
Other Potential Applications of PET in Neuroplasticity
168(1)
Current Limitations for the Use of PET in Studies of Rodent CNS Plasticity
169(2)
Comparison of PET to Other In Vivo Functional Imaging Modalities
171(4)
References
173(2)
Use of Estrogens as Neuroprotectants in Stroke and Alzheimer's Disease
175(14)
James W. Simpkins
Shao-Hua Yang
Yi Wen
Introduction
175(1)
Estrogen Physiology and Pharmacology
176(1)
Current Clinical Uses of Estrogens
176(1)
Evidence for Efficacy of Estrogens and Estrogen Analogs in Stroke Neuroprotection
177(3)
Transient Cerebral Ischemia as a Model for Alzheimer's Disease Neuropathology
180(3)
Need for Further Studies
183(6)
References
183(6)
Cell Death After Spinal Cord Injury: Basic Mechanisms and Potential Therapeutic Approaches to Promote Functional Recovery
189(20)
Steven S. Schreiber
Apoptosis vs. Necrosis
190(1)
Molecular and Cellular Mechanisms of Apoptosis
191(4)
Evidence for Apoptosis After SCI
195(3)
Prevention of Apoptosis After SCI
198(2)
Conclusion
200(9)
References
200(9)
Motor Rehabilitation After Stroke: Novel Physical Treatment Strategies
209(20)
Stefan Hesse
Cordula Werner
Introduction
209(1)
General Principles of Physical Therapy
210(1)
Special Aspects of Upper Limb Rehabilitation
210(8)
Special Aspects of Gait Rehabilitation
218(6)
Summary
224(5)
References
224(5)
Neural Bases for Rehabilitation After Stroke
229(26)
Randolph J. Nudo
Ann M. Stowe
Ines Eisner-Janowicz
Numa Dancause
Animal Models of Stroke and Rehabilitation
230(1)
Effects of Motor Injury on Behavioral Function: Recovery and Compensation
231(2)
Neurophysiological Consequences of Motor Cortex Injury
233(5)
Influence of Postinjury Motor Experience on Reorganization of Motor Maps
238(1)
Anatomical Consequences Following Motor Cortex Injury
239(2)
Influence of Postinjury Motor Experience on Neuroanatomical Plasticity
241(2)
New Approaches to Maximize Neuroplasticity and Recovery After Stroke
243(2)
Summary
245(10)
References
245(10)
Plasticity of Language Networks
255(16)
Cynthia K. Thompson
Neuroimaging Studies
256(4)
Factors Related to Neuroplastic Processes
260(7)
Conclusion
267(4)
References
267(4)
Locomotor Training-Induced Plasticity
271(10)
Bruce H. Dobkin
Introduction
271(1)
The Distributed Locomotor System
271(4)
Interventions to Drive Activity-Dependent Plasticity
275(1)
Summary
276(5)
References
277(4)
Constraint-Induced Therapy for Functional Recovery After Brain Injury: Unraveling the Key Ingredients and Mechanisms
281(48)
C. J. Winstein
M. G. Prettyman
Introduction
281(3)
Essentials of Constraint-Induced Therapy: What is the Evidence?
284(26)
Two Complementary Mechanisms Underlying CI Therapy: What is the Evidence?
310(19)
References
317(12)
Stem Cell Grafting and Spinal Cord Injury
329(32)
Richard L. Benton
Gaby U. Enzmann
Scott R. Whittemore
Introduction
329(1)
Neural Stem Cell Transplantation in the Spinal Cord
330(12)
Immortalized Cell Transplantation in the Spinal Cord
342(5)
Bone Marrow and Stromal Stem Cell Transplantation in the Spinal Cord
347(4)
Conclusions
351(10)
References
351(10)
Stem Cells and Huntington's Disease
361(34)
N. Popovic
A. Petersen
J.-Y. Li
P. Brundin
Features of Huntington's Disease
361(3)
Symptoms of HD
364(1)
Strategies in the Treatment of HD
365(7)
Striatal Neural Transplantation in Nonhuman Primates
372(2)
Clinical Transplantation Trials in HD
374(4)
Risk Factors of Neural Transplantation
378(1)
Neurogenesis in HD
378(1)
Conclusion
379(16)
References
381(14)
Plasticity, Cell Transplantation, and Brain Repair
395(28)
Mate D. Dobrossy
Stephen B. Dunnett
Introduction
395(1)
Cell Transplantation and Plasticity
396(3)
Enhancing Graft Function
399(5)
The Influence of Behavioral Experience and Training on Graft Function
404(6)
The Choice of Cells
410(2)
Conclusion: Plasticity and the Clinical Application of Cell Replacement Therapy
412(11)
References
413(10)
Brain-Implantable Biomimetic Electronics as Neural Prostheses to Restore Lost Cognitive Function
423(36)
Theodore W. Berger
Ashish Ahuja
Patrick Nasiatka
Spiros H. Courellis
Gopal Erinjippurath
Ghassan Gholmieh
John J. Granacki
Min Chi Hsaio
Jeffrey LaCoss
Vijayaraghavan Srinivasan
Vasilis Z. Marmarelis
Dong Song
Armand R. Tanguay, Jr.
Jack Wills
Introduction
424(1)
The System: Hippocampus
425(2)
General Strategy and System Requirements
427(2)
Proof-of-Concept: Replacement of the CA3 Region of the Hippocampal Slice with a Biomimetic Device
429(1)
Experimental Characterization of Nonlinear Properties of the Hippocampal Trisynaptic Pathway
430(2)
Nonlinear Dynamic Modeling of CA3 Input/Output Properties
432(7)
Microcircuitry Implementation of the CA3 Input/Output Model
439(8)
Conformal, Multisite Electrode Array Interface
447(4)
System Integration: Current Status of the Hippocampal Slice Prosthetic
451(8)
References
453(6)
Behaviorally Relevant Neural Codes in Hippocampal Ensembles: Detection on Single Trials
459(18)
John D. Simeral
Robert E. Hampson
Sam A. Deadwyler
Introduction
459(1)
Recording and Analysis Methods
460(5)
Representation of Phase and Position
465(6)
Detection and Dynamics of Representations
471(6)
References
473(4)
Recent Advances Toward Development of Practical Brain--Machine Interfaces
477(26)
David J. Krupa
Brain--Machine Interfaces
477(3)
Input BMIs
480(4)
Output BMIs
484(8)
Closed-Loop Input--Output BMIs
492(3)
Conclusions
495(8)
References
495(8)
Index 503

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