Systems Analysis and Design, Fifth Edition

by Shelly,Gary B.

• ISBN13: 9780789566492
• ISBN10: 0789566494
• Edition: CD
• Format: Paperback
• Copyright: 2003-03-10
• Publisher: Cengage Learning

Summary

Systems Analysis and Design, Seventh Edition presents a clear introduction to systems analysis and design. Students will find concepts easy-to-understand through the clear writing style and full-color figures that illustrate current technology and trends.

Table of Contents

Preface
Overview	x
Objectives of This Textbook	x
New to This Edition	xi
Organization of This Textbook	xi
For the Student	xiii
End-of-Chapter Exercises	xiii
For the Instructor	xiv
Instructor Resources CD-ROM	xiv
Online Content	xv
Software Bundling Opportunities	xv
Acknowledgments	xvi
Introduction to Systems Analysis and Design
Objectives	2	(1)
Introduction	2	(2)
The Impact of Information Technology	4	(2)
The Future of IT	4	(1)
The Role of Systems Analysis and Design	4	(1)
Who Develops Information Systems?	4	(2)
Information System Components	6	(3)
Hardware	7	(1)
Software	7	(1)
Data	8	(1)
Processes	9	(1)
People	9	(1)
Understanding the Business	9	(2)
Business Profile	9	(1)
Business Models	9	(2)
New Kinds of Companies	11	(1)
Impact of the Internet	11	(2)
B2C (Business-to-Consumer)	11	(1)
B2B (Business-to-Business)	12	(1)
Web-Based System Development	13	(1)
How Business Uses Information Systems	13	(4)
Enterprise Computing Systems	14	(1)
Transaction Processing Systems	15	(1)
Business Support Systems	15	(1)
Knowledge Management Systems	16	(1)
User Productivity Systems	16	(1)
Information Systems Integration	17	(1)
Information System Users and Their Needs	17	(1)
Top Managers	17	(1)
Middle Managers and Knowledge Workers	18	(1)
Supervisors and Team Leaders	18	(1)
Operational Employees	18	(1)
Systems Development Tools and Techniques	18	(2)
Modeling	18	(1)
Prototyping	19	(1)
Computer-Aided Systems Engineering (Case) Tools	19	(1)
Systems Development Methods	20	(3)
Structured Analysis	20	(1)
Object-Oriented Analysis	21	(1)
Joint Application Development and Rapid Application Development	22	(1)
Other Development Strategies	22	(1)
The Systems Development Life Cycle	23	(3)
Systems Planning	24	(1)
Systems Analysis	24	(1)
Systems Design	24	(1)
Systems Implementation	25	(1)
Systems Operation and Support	25	(1)
Systems Development Guidelines	25	(1)
Information Technology Department	26	(2)
Application Development	27	(1)
Systems Support	27	(1)
User Support	27	(1)
Database Administration	27	(1)
Network Administration	27	(1)
Web Support	27	(1)
The Systems Analyst Position	28	(2)
Responsibilities	28	(1)
Required Skills and Background	28	(1)
Certification	29	(1)
Career Opportunities	29	(1)
SoftWear, Limited	30	(2)
Background	30	(1)
Organization	31	(1)
Chapter Summary	32	(2)
Key Terms	34	(1)
Learn It Online	35	(1)
Chapter Exercises	36	(1)
Apply Your Knowledge	37	(2)
Case Studies	39	(7)
New Century Health Clinic	40	(1)
Personal Trainer, Inc.	40	(1)
Original Kayak Adventures	41	(2)
SCR Associates	43	(3)
PHASE 1: Systems Planning
Analyzing the Business Case
Objectives	46	(1)
Introduction	46	(2)
Strategic Planning --- A Framework for IT Systems Development	48	(5)
Strategic Planning Overview	48	(1)
From Strategic Plans to Business Results	49	(2)
A Business Example	51	(1)
The Changing Role of the IT Department	52	(1)
The Future	52	(1)
Information Systems Projects	53	(4)
Reasons for Systems Projects	53	(1)
Factors that Affect Systems Projects	54	(1)
Internal Factors	55	(1)
External Factors	55	(2)
Project Management Tools	57	(1)
Evaluation of Systems Requests	57	(1)
Systems Request Forms	57	(1)
Systems Review Committees	58	(1)
Overview of Feasibility	58	(3)
Operational Feasibility	59	(1)
Technical Feasibility	60	(1)
Economic Feasibility	60	(1)
Schedule Feasibility	61	(1)
Evaluating Feasibility	61	(1)
Setting Priorities	62	(1)
Factors that Affect Priority	62	(1)
Discretionary and Nondiscretionary Projects	62	(1)
Preliminary Investigation Overview	63	(8)
Interaction with Managers and Users	63	(1)
Planning the Preliminary Investigation	64	(1)
Step 1: Understand the Problem or Opportunity	65	(1)
Step 2: Define the Project Scope and Constraints	66	(1)
Step 3: Perform Fact-Finding	67	(2)
Step 4: Evaluate Feasibility	69	(1)
Step 5: Estimate Project Development Time and Cost	69	(1)
Step 6: Present Results and Recommendations to Management	70	(1)
SoftWear, Limited	71	(6)
Background	71	(1)
Request for Information Technology Services	72	(1)
Organization Charts	73	(1)
Interviews	74	(1)
Current Documentation	75	(1)
Presentation to Management	76	(1)
Chapter Summary	77	(1)
Key Terms	78	(1)
Learn It Online	79	(1)
Chapter Exercises	80	(1)
Apply Your Knowledge	81	(2)
Case Studies	83	(7)
New Century Health Clinic	83	(1)
Personal Trainer Inc.	83	(1)
Action Office Products	84	(1)
Original Kayak Adventures	85	(1)
Town of Eden Bay	85	(3)
SCR Associates	88	(2)
PHASE 2: Systems Analysis
Requirements Modeling
Objectives	90	(1)
Introduction	90	(2)
Systems Analysis Phase Overview	92	(1)
Systems Analysis Skills	92	(1)
Team-Oriented Methods and Techniques	92	(1)
Joint Application Development	93	(1)
User Involvement	93	(1)
JAD Participants and Roles	93	(1)
JAD Advantages and Disadvantages	94	(1)
Rapid Application Development	94	(3)
RAD Phases and Activities	96	(1)
RAD Objectives	97	(1)
RAD Advantages and Disadvantages	97	(1)
Modeling Tools and Techniques	97	(3)
Case Tools	97	(1)
Functional Decomposition Diagrams	98	(1)
Unified Modeling Language	98	(2)
System Requirements Checklist	100	(2)
Outputs	100	(1)
Inputs	101	(1)
Processes	101	(1)
Performance	101	(1)
Controls	101	(1)
Future Growth, Costs, and Benefits	102	(1)
Scalability	102	(1)
Total Cost of Ownership	102	(1)
Fact-Finding	103	(3)
Overview	103	(1)
Who, What, Where, When, How, and Why?	104	(1)
The Zachman Framework	105	(1)
Interviews	106	(5)
Step 1: Determine the People to Interview	106	(1)
Step 2: Establish Objectives for the Interview	106	(1)
Step 3: Develop Interview Questions	107	(1)
Step 4: Prepare for the Interview	108	(1)
Step 5: Conduct the Interview	109	(1)
Step 6: Document the Interview	109	(1)
Step 7: Evaluate the Interview	110	(1)
Unsuccessful Interviews	110	(1)
Other Fact-Finding Techniques	111	(6)
Document Review	111	(1)
Observation	111	(1)
Questionnaires and Surveys	112	(3)
Sampling	115	(1)
Research	115	(1)
Interviews versus Questionnaires	116	(1)
Documentation	117	(3)
The Need for Recording the Facts	118	(1)
Software Tools	118	(2)
Preview of Enterprise Modeling	120	(1)
SoftWear, Limited	120	(12)
Background	120	(1)
Human Resources Department Interview	120	(6)
Payroll Department Interview	126	(2)
BIS Interview	128	(1)
New Developments	128	(1)
The Revised Project	129	(3)
Chapter Summary	132	(1)
Key Terms	133	(1)
Learn It Online	134	(1)
Chapter Exercises	135	(2)
Apply Your Knowledge	137	(2)
Case Studies	139	(5)
New Century Health Clinic	139	(1)
Personal Trainer, Inc.	140	(1)
Baxter Community College --- Part 1	141	(1)
Baxter Community College --- Part 2	141	(1)
Town of Eden Bay	142	(1)
SCR Associates	143	(1)
Enterprise Modeling
Objectives	144	(1)
Introduction	144	(2)
Enterprise Modeling Tools	146	(1)
Entity-Relationship Diagrams	146	(3)
Drawing an Initial ERD	146	(1)
Types of Relationships	146	(3)
Data Flow Diagrams	149	(18)
DFD Symbols	149	(5)
Context Diagrams	154	(2)
Conventions for DFDs	156	(2)
Diagram 0	158	(3)
Lower-Level Diagrams	161	(4)
Strategies for Developing DFDs	165	(2)
Data Dictionary	167	(6)
Documenting the Data Elements	168	(1)
Documenting the Data Flows	169	(2)
Documenting the Data Stores	171	(1)
Documenting the Processes	171	(1)
Documenting the Entities	172	(1)
Documenting the Records	172	(1)
Data Dictionary Reports	173	(1)
Process Description Tools	173	(5)
Modular Design	173	(1)
Structured English	174	(1)
Decision Tables	175	(2)
Decision Trees	177	(1)
Logical Versus Physical Models	178	(1)
Sequence of Models	178	(1)
Four-Model Approach	178	(1)
SoftWear, Limited	179	(7)
Background	179	(1)
Entity-Relationship Diagram	179	(1)
Data Flow Diagrams	180	(4)
Data Dictionary and Process Descriptions	184	(2)
Chapter Summary	186	(2)
Key Terms	188	(1)
Learn It Online	189	(1)
Chapter Exercises	190	(1)
Apply Your Knowledge	191	(2)
Case Studies	193	(3)
New Century Health Clinic	193	(1)
Personal Trainer, Inc.	194	(1)
SCR Associates	195	(1)
Development Strategies
Objectives	196	(1)
Introduction	196	(2)
Development Strategies Overview	198	(1)
Web-Based Software Trends	198	(2)
Software as a Service	198	(1)
The Changing Software Marketplace	199	(1)
The Impact of the Internet on Systems Development	199	(1)
Software Outsourcing Options	200	(4)
The Growth of Outsourcing	201	(2)
Outsourcing Fees	203	(1)
Outsourcing Issues and Concerns	203	(1)
In-House Software Development Options	204	(5)
Make or Buy Decision	204	(1)
Developing Software In-House	205	(1)
Purchasing a Software Package	206	(1)
Customizing a Software Package	207	(1)
Creating User Applications	208	(1)
Role of the Systems Analyst	209	(1)
Cost-Benefit Analysis	210	(1)
Financial Analysis Tools	211	(1)
Cost-Benefit Analysis Checklist	211	(1)
A Software Acquisition Example	211	(8)
Step 1: Evaluate the Information System Requirements	211	(4)
Step 2: Identify Potential Vendors or Outsourcing Options	215	(1)
Step 3: Evaluate the Alternatives	216	(1)
Step 4: Perform Cost-Benefit Analysis	217	(1)
Step 5: Prepare a Recommendation	218	(1)
Step 6: Implement the Solution	218	(1)
Completion of Systems Analysis Tasks	219	(1)
System Requirements Document	219	(1)
Presentation to Management	219	(1)
The Transition to Systems Design	220	(1)
Preparing for Systems Design Tasks	220	(1)
The Relationship between Logical and Physical Design	221	(1)
Systems Design Guidelines	221	(5)
Systems Design Objectives	222	(3)
Design Trade-Offs	225	(1)
Prototyping	226	(4)
Prototyping Methods	226	(2)
Prototyping Tools	228	(1)
Limitations of Prototypes	229	(1)
Other Modeling Tools	229	(1)
Using Codes During System Design	230	(4)
Overview of Codes	230	(1)
Types of Codes	231	(2)
Developing a Code	233	(1)
SoftWear, Limited	234	(1)
Background	234	(1)
Chapter Summary	235	(2)
Key Terms	237	(1)
Learn It Online	238	(1)
Chapter Exercises	239	(1)
Apply Your Knowledge	240	(2)
Case Studies	242	(6)
New Century Health Clinic	242	(2)
Personal Trainer, Inc.	244	(1)
Cutting Edge	244	(2)
SCR Associates	246	(2)
PHASE 3: Systems Design
Data Design
Objectives	248	(1)
Introduction	248	(2)
Data Design Concepts	250	(4)
Data Structures	250	(1)
Overview of File Processing	251	(1)
Overview of Database Systems	252	(1)
Database Tradeoffs	253	(1)
DBMS Components	254	(2)
Interfaces for Users, Database Administrators, and Related Systems	255	(1)
Data Manipulation Language	256	(1)
Schema	256	(1)
Physical Data Repository	256	(1)
Web-Based Database Design	256	(3)
Characteristics of Web-Based Design	256	(1)
Internet Terminology	257	(1)
Connecting a Database to the Web	258	(1)
Data Security	259	(1)
Data Design Terminology	259	(4)
Definitions	259	(1)
Key Fields	260	(2)
Referential Integrity	262	(1)
Data Relationships	263	(3)
Entity-Relationship Diagrams	264	(1)
Cardinality	264	(2)
Normalization	266	(12)
Standard Notation Format	266	(1)
Repeating Groups and Unnormalized Designs	266	(2)
First Normal Form	268	(1)
Second Normal Form	269	(3)
Third Normal Form	272	(2)
A Normalization Example	274	(4)
Steps in Database Design	278	(1)
Database Models	279	(4)
Hierarchical and Network Databases	279	(1)
Relational Databases	280	(1)
Object-Oriented Databases	281	(2)
Data Storage	283	(6)
Data Warehousing	283	(1)
Data Mining	284	(1)
Logical and Physical Storage	285	(1)
Data Storage Formats	286	(1)
Selecting a Data Storage Format	287	(1)
Data Fields	288	(1)
Data Control	289	(1)
Softwear, Limited	290	(2)
Background	290	(2)
Chapter Summary	292	(2)
Key Terms	294	(1)
Learn It Online	295	(1)
Chapter Exercises	296	(1)
Apply Your Knowledge	297	(2)
Case Studies	299	(3)
New Century Health Clinic	299	(1)
Personal Trainer, Inc.	299	(1)
Bytes Unlimited	300	(1)
Fastflight Airlines	300	(1)
SCR Associates	301	(1)
User Interface, Input, and Output Design
Objectives	302	(1)
Introduction	302	(2)
User Interface Design	304	(15)
Evolution of the User Interface	305	(2)
Human-Computer Interaction	307	(1)
Basic Principles of User-Centered Design	308	(2)
Guidelines for User Interface Design	310	(6)
User Interface Controls	316	(3)
Input Design	319	(10)
Input and Data Entry Methods	319	(1)
Input Volume	320	(1)
Designing Data Entry Screens	321	(1)
Input Errors	322	(3)
Source Documents	325	(3)
Input Control	328	(1)
Output Design Issues	329	(3)
Types of Output	329	(3)
Printed Output	332	(12)
Types of Reports	332	(3)
User Involvement in Report Design	335	(1)
Report Design Principles	335	(2)
Report Design Example	337	(2)
Other Design Issues	339	(1)
Designing Character-Based Reports	339	(2)
Printing Volume and Time Requirements	341	(2)
Output Control and Security	343	(1)
SoftWear, Limited	344	(7)
Chapter Summary	351	(1)
Key Terms	352	(1)
Learn It Online	353	(1)
Chapter Exercises	354	(1)
Apply Your Knowledge	355	(2)
Case Studies	357	(3)
New Century Health Clinic	357	(1)
Personal Trainer, Inc.	357	(2)
SCR Associates	359	(1)
System Architecture
Objectives	360	(1)
Introduction	360	(2)
System Architecture Checklist	362	(4)
Enterprise Resource Planning	362	(1)
Initial Cost and TCO	363	(1)
Scalability	364	(1)
Web Integration	364	(1)
Legacy System Interface Requirements	365	(1)
System Security	365	(1)
Processing Options	366	(1)
Planning the Architecture	366	(3)
Servers	366	(1)
Clients	367	(2)
Client/Server Architecture	369	(7)
Overview	369	(2)
Client/Server Design Styles	371	(1)
Types of Clients: Fat and Thin	372	(1)
Client/Server Tiers	372	(1)
Middleware	373	(1)
Cost-Benefit Issues	374	(1)
Client/Server Performance Issues	374	(2)
Impact of the Internet	376	(4)
E-Commerce Strategies	377	(2)
Industry Experience and Trends	379	(1)
Processing Methods	380	(2)
Online Processing	380	(1)
Batch Processing	381	(1)
Combined Online and Batch Processing	381	(1)
Network Models	382	(5)
The OSI Reference Model	382	(1)
Network Modeling Tools	383	(1)
Network Topology	383	(3)
Network Protocols	386	(1)
Licensing Issues	386	(1)
System Management and Support	387	(4)
Performance Management	387	(1)
System Security	387	(1)
Fault Management Backup, and Disaster Recovery	388	(3)
Systems Design Completion	391	(3)
System Design Specification	391	(1)
User Approval	392	(1)
Presentations	393	(1)
SoftWear, Limited	394	(3)
Background	394	(1)
System Architecture	395	(1)
Planning the System	395	(1)
Security	395	(1)
Creating the Database Objects	395	(1)
Planning the User Interface	396	(1)
Using Visual Basic and Macros	396	(1)
Completing the Systems Design Phase	396	(1)
Chapter Summary	397	(2)
Key Terms	399	(1)
Learn It Online	400	(1)
Chapter Exercises	401	(1)
Apply Your Knowledge	402	(2)
Case Studies	404	(4)
New Health Clinic	404	(1)
Personal Trainer, Inc.	404	(2)
SCR Associates	406	(2)
PHASE 4: Systems Implementation
Systems Implementation
Objectives	408	(1)
Introduction	408	(2)
Software Quality Assurance	410	(3)
Software Engineering	410	(1)
International Organization for Standardization (ISO)	411	(2)
Application Development	413	(9)
Documentation Review	413	(1)
Program Design	413	(1)
Structure Charts	414	(2)
Cohesion and Coupling	416	(1)
Structure Chart Examples	417	(1)
Steps in Drawing a Structure Chart	418	(3)
Other Application Development Tools	421	(1)
Coding	422	(1)
Programming Environments	422	(1)
Generating Code	423	(1)
Testing the System	423	(3)
Unit Testing	424	(1)
Integration Testing	424	(1)
System Testing	424	(2)
Documentation	426	(5)
Program Documentation	426	(1)
System Documentation	426	(1)
Operations Documentation	427	(1)
User Documentation	427	(4)
Management Approval	431	(1)
System Installation and Evaluation	431	(1)
Operational and Test Environments	431	(1)
Training	432	(6)
Training Plan	433	(1)
Vendor Training	434	(1)
Outside Training Resources	434	(1)
In-House Training	435	(3)
Data Conversion	438	(1)
Data Conversion Strategies	438	(1)
Data Conversion Security and Controls	438	(1)
System Changeover	438	(3)
Direct Cutover	439	(1)
Parallel Operation	439	(1)
Pilot Operation	440	(1)
Phased Operation	440	(1)
Post-Implementation Tasks	441	(3)
Post-Implementation Evaluation	441	(2)
Final Report to Management	443	(1)
Softwear, Limited	444	(6)
Background	444	(1)
Mainframe Interface	445	(1)
ESIP Server	446	(1)
Completing Application Development	447	(1)
Installation of the ESIP System	447	(3)
Chapter Summary	450	(2)
Key Terms	452	(1)
Learn It Online	453	(1)
Chapter Exercises	454	(1)
Apply Your Knowledge	455	(2)
Case Studies	457	(5)
New Century Health Clinic	457	(1)
Personal Trainer, Inc.	458	(1)
Fanciful Crystal	458	(1)
SCR Associates	459	(3)
PHASE 5: Systems Operation and Support
Systems Operation and Support
Objectives	462	(1)
Introduction	462	(2)
Overview of Systems Support and Maintenance	464	(1)
User Support Activities	464	(2)
User Training	464	(1)
Help Desks	464	(2)
Maintenance Activities	466	(5)
Corrective Maintenance	468	(1)
Adaptive Maintenance	468	(1)
Perfective Maintenance	469	(1)
Preventive Maintenance	470	(1)
Managing Systems Operation and Support	471	(6)
Maintenance Team	471	(1)
Managing Maintenance Requests	472	(1)
Establishing Priorities	473	(1)
Configuration Management	474	(1)
Maintenance Releases	475	(2)
Version Control	477	(1)
Baselines	477	(1)
Managing System Performance	477	(5)
Performance and Workload Measurement	478	(2)
Capacity Planning	480	(2)
System Maintenance Tools	482	(1)
System Obsolescence	482	(1)
Facing the Future: Challenges and Opportunities	483	(3)
Predictions	484	(2)
Strategic Planning for IT Professionals	486	(1)
IT Credentials and Certification	486	(1)
A Microsoft Certification Example	487	(3)
SoftWear, Limited	490	(1)
Background	490	(1)
Chapter Summary	491	(2)
Key Terms	493	(1)
Learn It Online	494	(1)
Chapter Exercises	495	(1)
Apply Your Knowledge	496	(2)
Case Studies	498	(6)
New Century Health Clinic	498	(1)
Personal Trainer, Inc.	499	(1)
Tarheel Industries	499	(1)
Mills Imports	500	(2)
SCR Associates	502	(2)
Systems Analysis and Design Toolkits
PART 1 Communication Tools
Objectives	504	(1)
Introduction	504	(2)
Guidelines For Successful Communications	506	(1)
Written Communications	506	(6)
Writing Style and Readability	506	(2)
E-Mail, Memos, and Letters	508	(2)
Reports	510	(2)
Oral Communications	512	(4)
Define the Audience	512	(1)
Define the Objectives	512	(1)
Organize the Presentation	513	(1)
Define Any Technical Terms	513	(1)
Prepare Presentation Aids	513	(2)
Practice	515	(1)
The Presentation	515	(1)
Toolkit Summary	516	(1)
Key Terms	517	(1)
Toolkit Exercises	518	(2)
PART 2 Case Tools
Objectives	520	(1)
Introduction	520	(2)
Overview of Case Tools	522	(2)
Case Tools History	522	(1)
The Marketplace for Case Tools	523	(1)
Case Terms and Concepts	524	(2)
Repository	524	(1)
Individual Tools	524	(2)
Integrated Development Environments	526	(2)
Examples of Integrated Development Environments	526	(2)
Pros and Cons of Integrated Development Tools	528	(1)
Case Tool Examples	528	(4)
Visible Analyst	528	(2)
System Architect	530	(1)
Rational Software	531	(1)
Future Trends	532	(2)
New Developments	532	(2)
The Emerging Role of Object-Oriented Analysis and Design	534	(1)
Toolkit Summary	534	(2)
Key Terms	536	(1)
Toolkit Exercises	537	(1)
PART 3 Financial Analysis Tools
Objectives	538	(1)
Introduction	538	(2)
Describing Costs and Benefits	540	(3)
Cost Classifications	541	(1)
Managing Information Systems Costs and Charges	541	(1)
Benefit Classifications	542	(1)
Cost-Benefit Analysis	543	(10)
Payback Analysis	543	(3)
Using a Spreadsheet to Compute Payback Analysis	546	(2)
Return on Investment Analysis	548	(1)
Using a Spreadsheet to Compute ROI	548	(1)
Present Value Analysis	549	(3)
Using a Spreadsheet to Calculate Present Value	552	(1)
Toolkit Summary	553	(1)
Key Terms	554	(1)
Toolkit Exercises	555	(1)
PART 4 Project Management Tools
Objectives	556	(1)
Introduction	556	(2)
Project Management	558	(1)
Project Management Overview	558	(1)
Management Functions	558	(1)
Project Planning	558	(1)
Project Estimating	559	(3)
Developing Time and Cost Estimates	561	(1)
Project Scheduling	562	(9)
Gantt Charts	562	(1)
PERT/CPM	563	(1)
Overview of PERT/CPM	564	(1)
PERT/CPM Chart Format	564	(1)
Task Patterns	565	(1)
Complex Task Patterns	566	(1)
A PERT/CPM Example with Five Tasks	567	(1)
Critical Path	568	(1)
Transforming a Task List into a PERT/CPM Chart	568	(2)
Estimating Task Duration	570	(1)
Comparing Gantt Charts and PERT/CPM	571	(1)
Project Monitoring and Controlling	571	(1)
Project Monitoring and Control	571	(1)
Project Scheduling	571	(1)
Project Reporting	572	(1)
Project Status Meetings	572	(1)
Project Status Reports	572	(1)
Project Management Software	572	(2)
Project Management Example Using Microsoft Project	573	(1)
Software Change Control	574	(2)
Keys to Project Success	576	(2)
Business Issues	576	(1)
Budget Issues	576	(1)
Schedule Issues	577	(1)
Successful Project Management	577	(1)
Toolkit Summary	578	(1)
Key Terms	579	(1)
Toolkit Exercises	580	(2)
PART 5 Object-Oriented Tools
Objectives	582	(1)
Introduction	582	(2)
Object-Oriented Terms and Concepts	584	(8)
Overview of O-O Analysis	584	(1)
Objects	585	(2)
Attributes	587	(1)
Methods	588	(1)
Messages	588	(2)
Classes	590	(2)
Relationships Among Objects and Classes	592	(1)
Object Relationship Diagram	592	(1)
Object Modeling with the Unified Modeling Language	593	(7)
Use Case Modeling	593	(2)
Use Case Diagrams	595	(1)
Class Diagrams	596	(1)
Sequence Diagrams	597	(1)
State Transistion Diagrams	598	(1)
Activity Diagrams	599	(1)
Case Tools	600	(1)
Organizing the Object Model	600	(1)
Toolkit Summary	600	(2)
Key Terms	602	(1)
Toolkit Exercises	603	(1)
PART 6 Internet Resource Tools
Objectives	604	(1)
Introduction	604	(2)
Overview	606	(1)
Some Characteristics of the Internet	606	(1)
Summary of Internet Resources and Tools	607	(1)
Formulating an Internet Research Strategy	607	(2)
Evaluate Your Information Requirement	608	(1)
Match Your Information Requirement to the Proper Tool	608	(1)
Assess the Quality of the Results	608	(1)
Download the Results and Perform a Virus Scan	609	(1)
Search Engines	609	(4)
Search Engine Basics	609	(2)
Search Techniques	611	(1)
Advanced Search Techniques	611	(2)
A Search Checklist	613	(1)
Subject Directories	613	(1)
A Subject Directory Example	613	(1)
Advantages and Disadvantages of Subject Directories	614	(1)
The Invisible Web	614	(3)
Invisible Web Examples	614	(1)
Navigation Tools for the Invisible Web	615	(2)
Internet Communication Resources	617	(6)
Newsgroups	618	(1)
Newsletters	619	(1)
Mailing Lists	619	(1)
Web-Based Discussion Groups	620	(1)
Chat Rooms	620	(1)
Instant Messaging	621	(2)
Information Technology Community Resources	623	(4)
Corporate Resources	623	(1)
Government Resources	624	(1)
Professional Resources	624	(1)
Online Learning Resources	624	(3)
Toolkit Summary	627	(1)
Key Terms	628	(1)
Toolkit Exercises	629