Theoretical Optics An Introduction

by Rö mer, Hartmann

• ISBN13: 9783527407767
• ISBN10: 3527407766
• Edition: 2nd
• Format: Hardcover
• Copyright: 2009-03-16
• Publisher: Wiley-VCH
• More Book Details

Summary

Filling the gap between optics textbooks for students and scientific literature in optics, this revised and enlarged second edition provides a solid yet concise introduction to the topic. Starting from basic electrodynamics, it comprises nonlinear optics and light-matter interaction, as well as modern topics in quantum optics, including entanglement, cryptography, and quantum computation. With over thirty years of experience in research and teaching theoretical optics, the author goes way beyond the scope of traditional lectures, enabling readers to keep up with the current state of knowledge. Both in terms of content and presentation, this is essential reading for graduate and PhD students and a valuable reference for researchers.

Author Biography

Hartmann R+¦mer received his Ph.D. degree from the University of Bonn in 1970, where he also completed his habilitation. He held Postdoc positions at the Weizmann Institute of Science in Rehovot, Israel, and at CERN in Geneva. In 1979, Professor R+¦mer was appointed to a full professor for theoretical physics at the University of Freiburg, where he still teaches. His research interests include particle theory and quantum field theory, in particular geometrical and topological methods, symplectic geometry, quantization theory, classical limit and short wave asymptotics.

Table of Contents

Preface to the second English edition	p. IX
Preface to the first English edition	p. XI
Preface to the German edition	p. XIII
A Short Survey of the History of Optics	p. 1
The Electrodynamics of Continuous Media	p. 15
Maxwell's Equations	p. 15
Molecular vs. Macroscopic Fields	p. 18
A Simple Model for the Electric Current	p. 20
Dispersion Relations and the Passivity Condition	p. 23
Electric Displacement Density and Magnetic Field Strength	p. 27
Index of Refraction and Coefficient of Absorption	p. 33
The Electromagnetic Material Quantities	p. 35
The Oscillator Model for the Electric Susceptibility	p. 39
Material Equations in Moving Media	p. 40
Linear Waves in Homogeneous Media	p. 45
Elastic Waves in Solids	p. 45
Isotropic Elastic Media	p. 48
Wave Surfaces and Ray Surfaces	p. 51
Crystal Optics	p. 55
The Normal Ellipsoid	p. 55
Plane Waves in Crystals	p. 58
Optically Uniaxial Crystals	p. 62
Optically Biaxial Crystals	p. 65
Reflection and Refraction at Interfaces	p. 67
Fresnel's Equations	p. 69
The Fabry-Perot Interferometer	p. 72
Electro-, Magneto-, and Elastooptical Phenomena	p. 75
Polarization Effects up to First Order - Optical Activity	p. 75
Polarization Effects of Higher Order	p. 79
Dependence on Distortions	p. 80
Dependence on Shear Flows	p. 80
Influence of Electric Fields	p. 80
Dependence on Magnetic Fields	p. 81
Foundations of Nonlinear Optics	p. 83
Nonlinear Polarization - Combination Frequencies	p. 83
Nonlinear Waves in a Medium	p. 85
Survey of Phenomena in Nonlinear Optics	p. 89
Parametric Amplification and Frequency Doubling	p. 91
Phase Matching	p. 94
Self-Focussing, Optical Bistability, Phase Self-Modulation	p. 95
Phase Conjugation	p. 98
Fiber Optics and Optical Solitons	p. 101
Short-Wave Asymptotics	p. 107
Introductory Remarks	p. 107
Short-Wave Expansion of Maxwell's Equations	p. 109
The Scalar Wave Equation	p. 111
Phase Surfaces and Rays	p. 113
Fermat's Principle	p. 115
Analogy Between Mechanics and Geometrical Optics	p. 116
Geometrical Optics	p. 121
Fermat's Principle and Focal Points	p. 121
Perfect Optical Instruments	p. 122
Maxwell's Fish-Eye	p. 123
Canonical Transformations and Eikonal Functions	p. 125
Imaging Points Close to the Optic Axis by Wide Spread Ray Bundles	p. 129
Linear Geometrical Optics and Symplectic Transformations	p. 132
Gaussian Optics and Image Matrices	p. 135
Lens Defects and Seidel's Theory of Aberrations	p. 140
Geometric Theory of Caustics	p. 145
Short-Wave Asymptotics for Linear Partial Differential Equations	p. 145
Solution of the Characteristic Equation	p. 148
Solution of the Transport Equation	p. 154
Focal Points and Caustics	p. 157
Behavior of Phases in the Vicinity of Caustics	p. 160
Caustics, Lagrangian Submanifolds, and Maslov Index	p. 162
Supplementary Remarks on Geometrical Short-Wave Asymptotics	p. 164
Diffraction Theory	p. 171
Survey	p. 171
The Principles of Huygens and Fresnel	p. 171
The Method of Stationary Phases	p. 175
Kirchhoff's Representation of the Wave Amplitude	p. 179
Kirchhoff's Theory of Diffraction	p. 183
Diffraction at an Edge	p. 188
Examples of Fraunhofer Diffraction	p. 190
Diffraction by a Rectangle	p. 191
Diffraction by a Circular Aperture	p. 192
Arrangements of Several Identical Structures	p. 193
Random Distribution (Figure 10.15a)	p. 194
Regular Lattice (Figure 10.15b)	p. 195
Two Circular Holes	p. 195
Optical Image Processing in Fourier Space	p. 196
The Dark-Ground Method	p. 198
The Phase Contrast Method	p. 199
The Schlieren Method	p. 199
Morse Families	p. 199
Oscillatory Functions and Fourier Integral Operators	p. 202
Path Integrals in Optics	p. 206
Holography	p. 215
The Principle of Holography	p. 215
Modifications and Applications	p. 217
Observing Small Object Deformations	p. 218
Holographic Optical Instruments	p. 218
Pattern Recognition	p. 219
Volume Holograms	p. 219
Coherence Theory	p. 223
Coherent and Incoherent Light	p. 223
Real and Analytical Signals	p. 225
The Light Wave Field as a Stochastic Process	p. 229
Gaussian Stochastic Processes	p. 232
The Quasimonochromatic Approximation	p. 234
Coherence and Correlation Functions	p. 236
The Propagation of the Correlation Function	p. 239
Amplitude and Intensity Interferometry	p. 242
Amplitude Interferometry: Michelson Interferometer	p. 242
Photon Correlation Spectroscopy	p. 243
Dynamical Light Scattering	p. 244
Granulation	p. 247
Image Processing by Filtering	p. 249
Polarization of Partially Coherent Light	p. 251
Quantum States of the Electromagnetic Field	p. 255
Quantization of the Electromagnetic Field and Harmonic Oscillators	p. 255
Coherent and Squeezed States	p. 261
Operators, Ordering Procedures, and Star Products	p. 269
The Q, P, and Wigner Functions of a Density Operator	p. 276
Detection of Radiation Fields	p. 283
Beam Splitters and Homodyne Detection	p. 283
Correlation Functions and Quantum Coherence	p. 289
Measurement of Correlation Functions	p. 291
Antibunching and Sub-Poissonian Light	p. 295
Interaction of Radiation and Matter	p. 299
The Electric Dipole Interaction	p. 299
Simple Laser Theory	p. 304
Three-Level Systems and Atomic Interference	p. 306
Electromagnetically Induced Transparency	p. 309
Refractive Index Enhancement	p. 311
Lasing Without Inversion	p. 311
Correlated Emission Laser	p. 311
The Jaynes-Cummings Model	p. 312
The Micromaser	p. 318
Quantum State Engineering	p. 320
The Paul Trap	p. 323
Motion of a Two-Level Atom in a Quantized Light Field	p. 330
Quantum Optics and Fundamental Quantum Theory	p. 333
Quantum Entanglement	p. 333
Bell's Inequalities	p. 338
Quantum Erasers and Measurement Without Interaction	p. 342
No Cloning and Quantum Teleportation	p. 347
Quantum Cryptography	p. 352
Quantum Computation	p. 353
Selected References	p. 361
Index	p. 365
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