Understandable Statistics Concepts and Methods

by Brase, Charles Henry

• ISBN13: 9780669355130
• ISBN10: 0669355135
• Edition: 5th
• Format: Hardcover
• Copyright: 1994-12-02
• Publisher: Brooks Cole

Table of Contents

Getting Started	1	(22)
Focus Problems: Where Have All the Fireflies Gone?	1	(1)
What Is Statistics?	1	(16)
Calculators and Computers in Statistics	17	(1)
Where Will I Use Statistics?	18	(5)
Summary	20	(1)
Important Words and Symbols	20	(1)
Chapter Review Problems	21	(2)
Organizing Data	23	(84)
Focus Problem: Say It with Pictures	23	(1)
Random Samples	23	(14)
Graphs	37	(16)
Histograms and Frequency Distributions	53	(25)
Stem-and-Leaf Displays	78	(29)
Summary	88	(1)
Important Words and Sybols	88	(1)
Chapter Review Problems	89	(6)
Data Highlights	95	(3)
Linking Concepts	98	(2)
Using Technology	100	(7)
Averages and Variations	107	(78)
Focus Problem: Major League Baseball: How Much Do Players Earn?	107	(1)
Mode, Median, and Mean	107	(13)
Measures of Variation	120	(20)
Mean and Standard Deviation of Grouped Data	140	(12)
Percentiles and Box-and-Whisker Plots	152	(33)
Summary	167	(1)
Important Words and Symbols	168	(1)
Chapter Review Problems	168	(4)
Data Highlights	172	(2)
Linking Concepts	174	(2)
Using Technology	176	(9)
Elementary Probability Theory	185	(76)
Focus Problem: How Often Do Lie Detectors Lie?	185	(1)
What Is Probability?	186	(11)
Some Probability Rules---Compound Events	197	(24)
Trees and Counting Techniques	221	(16)
Introduction to Random Variables and Probability Distributions	237	(24)
Summary	249	(1)
Important Words and Symbols	249	(1)
Chapter Review Problems	250	(5)
Data Highlights	255	(2)
Linking Concepts	257	(1)
Using Technology	258	(3)
The Binomial Probability Distribution and Related Topics	261	(64)
Focus Problem: Personality Types	261	(1)
Binomial Experiments	262	(6)
The Binomial Distribution	268	(12)
Additional Properties of the Binomial Distribution	280	(13)
The Geometric and Poisson Probability Distributions	293	(32)
Summary	308	(1)
Important Words and Symbols	308	(1)
Chapter Review Problems	309	(3)
Data Highlights	312	(3)
Linking Concepts	315	(2)
Using Technology	317	(8)
Normal Distributions	325	(76)
Focus Problems: Attendance at Exhibition Shows	325	(1)
Graphs of Normal Probability Distributions	326	(24)
Standard Units and the Standard Normal Distribution	350	(12)
Areas Under the Standard Normal Curve	362	(11)
Areas Under Any Normal Curve	373	(28)
Summary	386	(1)
Important Words and Symbols	386	(1)
Chapter Review Problems	387	(3)
Data Highlights	390	(3)
Linking Concepts	393	(2)
Using Technology	395	(6)
Introduction to Sampling Distributions	401	(42)
Focus Problem: Impulse Bying	402	(1)
Sampling Distributions	402	(7)
The Central Limit Theorem	409	(13)
Normal Approximation to the Binomial Distribution	422	(21)
Summary	430	(1)
Important Words and Symbols	431	(1)
Chapter Review Problems	431	(3)
Data Highlights	434	(2)
Linking Concepts	436	(2)
Using Technology	438	(5)
Estimation	443	(86)
Focus Problem: The Trouble with Wood Ducks	443	(1)
Estimating μ with Large Samples	444	(15)
Estimating μ with Small Samples	459	(11)
Estimating p in the Binomial Distribution	470	(11)
Choosing the Sample Size	481	(8)
Estimating μ1--μ2 and p1--p2	489	(40)
Summary	507	(1)
Important Words and Symbols	508	(1)
Chapter Review Problems	508	(6)
Data Highlights	514	(5)
Linking Concepts	519	(2)
Using Technology	521	(8)
Hypothesis Testing	529	(126)
Focus Problem: Business Opportunities and Start-Up Costs	529	(1)
Introduction to Hypothesis Testing	530	(17)
Tests Involving the Mean μ (Large Samples)	547	(12)
The P Value in Hypothesis Testing	559	(11)
Tests Involving the Mean μ (Small Samples)	570	(15)
Tests Involving a Proportion	585	(9)
Tests Involving Paired Differences (Dependent Samples)	594	(16)
Testing Differences of Two Means or Two Proportions (Independent Samples)	610	(45)
Summary	638	(1)
Important Words and Symbols	639	(1)
Chapter Review Problems	639	(5)
Data Highlights	644	(1)
Linking Concepts	645	(3)
Using Technology	648	(7)
Regression and Correlation	655	(92)
Focus Problem: Getting the Best Price for a New Pickup Truck	655	(1)
Introduction to Paired Data and Scatter Diagrams	656	(9)
Linear Regression and Confidence Bounds for Prediction	665	(22)
The Linear Correlation Coefficient	687	(18)
Testing the Correlations Coefficient	705	(7)
Multiple Regression	712	(35)
Summary	732	(1)
Important Words and Symbols	733	(1)
Chapter Review Problems	733	(3)
Data Highlights	736	(1)
Linking Concepts	736	(2)
Using Technology	738	(9)
Chi-Square and F Distributions	747	(64)
Focus Problem: Stone Age Tools and Archaeology	747	(1)
Chi-Square: Tests of Independence	748	(13)
Chi-Square: Goodness of Fit	761	(8)
Testing and Estimating Variances and Standard Deviations	769	(11)
ANOVA: Comparing Several Sample Means	780	(31)
Summary	799	(1)
Important Words and Symbols	799	(1)
Chapter Review Problems	799	(3)
Data Highlights	802	(1)
Linking Concepts	803	(2)
Using Technology	805	(6)
Nonparametric Statistics	811	(1)
Focus Problem: Are the Nation's Highways Getting Safer to Drive?	811	(1)
The Sign Tests	812	(12)
The Rank-Sum Test	824	(8)
Spearman Rank Correlations	832	(13)
Summary	845	(1)
Important Words and Symbols	846	(1)
Chapter Review Problems	846	(2)
Data Highlights	848	(1)
Linking Concepts	849
Appendix 1 Additional Topics	A1
Part I Bayes's Theorem	A1
Part II The Hypergeometric Probability Distribution	A5
Appendix II Tables	A10
Table 1 Random Numbers	A10
Table 2 Factorials	A11
Table 3 Binomial Coefficients Cn,r	A12
Table 4 Binomial Distribution Cn,rpr qn-r	A13
Table 5 Poisson Probability Distribution	A17
Table 6 Areas of a Standard Normal Distribution	A23
Table 7 Student's t Distribution	A24
Table 8 Critical Values of Pearson Product-Moment Correlation, r	A25
Table 9 The X2 Distribution	A26
Table 10 The F Distribution 5%	A27
Table 11 Critical Values for Spearman Rank Correlation, rs	A30
Appendix III Answers and Key Steps to Odd-Numbered Problems	A31
Index	A125