Victimology and Criminal Law Crime Precipitated or Programmed by the Victim

by Oliveira, Edmundo

• ISBN13: 9780761839484
• ISBN10: 0761839488
• Format: Paperback
• Copyright: 2007-12-07
• Publisher: UPA

Summary

Victimology and Criminal Law is a major contribution to the development and the influence of victimology in the world. In certain concrete situations, one must consider not only the perpetrator of the crime, but that the victim, even though presumably innocent, may have the sensation of being an intruder. In this book, Professor Edmundo Oliveira offers a clear and comprehensive overview of the historical, conceptual, legal, and practice oriented aspects of victimology. He specifically focuses on psychology and penal law as they relate to the survivor of the crime, by highlighting themes of personal blame, provocation, participation and diminished responsibility. The path of victimization is fully analyzed in detail within this study. Victimologists and criminologists dedicate themselves to studying the polemical, controversial challenges and intense issues raised by delinquency as a whole. This book is a significant advance, emphasizing a different role for the victim. Academics, practitioners, law students, and professionals will find this book useful as a springboard for enlightening debates that will lead to new approaches on intervention for survivors of crime.

Author Biography

Edmundo Oliveira is a native of Brazil and an internationally recognized Professor of Criminal Law and Criminology. He is a member of the International Penal and Penitentiary Foundation and is the Scientific Consultant of the European Institute of the United Nations for Crime Prevention and Control. Professor Oliveira is a complete Jurist who is committed to offering important contributions to the Science of Law

Table of Contents

Preface	p. ix
Introduction	p. xiii
Historical Foundations	p. 1
Theoretical Presuppositions in Victimology	p. 1
The Victim and the Criminal Phenomenon	p. 3
Selective Nature of Sentiment in Victimology	p. 5
The Stockholm Syndrome	p. 7
The Special Case of a Kidnapping Victim with a Diagnosis of Stockholm Syndrome	p. 11
Stereotype of Delinquent/Victim Interaction	p. 15
Victimodogmatics	p. 18
Tendency or Inclination towards Crime	p. 21
The Initial Conception Regarding a Personal Tendency towards Crime	p. 21
The Formation of the Judicial Structure of the Delinquent Due to Tendency	p. 23
Implications of the Judicial Essence of the Delinquent Due to Tendency for Criminology and for Victimology	p. 27
Human Behavior in Life of New Approaches Involving Science and Spirituality: Transpersonal Psychology, Spiritist Doctrine and Neurolinguistics	p. 28
The Penal Pairing and the Criminal Pairing	p. 35
The Study of Personality	p. 45
Background	p. 45
Concept of Personality	p. 46
Constitution of the Personality	p. 47
Influence of Physical Factors on Psychism	p. 49
Influence of Psychic Factors on the Physical State	p. 50
The Temperament	p. 52
Character	p. 54
Personality Disturbances Associated to Dangerousness of the Victim	p. 57
Psychopathic Personalities	p. 58
Sexual Deviancy	p. 62
Alcoholism	p. 64
Drug Dependency	p. 65
The Victimogenous Core of the Victim's Personality	p. 67
Understanding the Victimogenous Core	p. 68
Origin of the Guilt Feeling	p. 72
The Victimological Examination	p. 77
Purpose of the Victimological Examination	p. 77
Convenience of the Victimological Examination	p. 78
Legitimacy of the Victimological Examination	p. 78
Usefulness of the Victimological Examination	p. 79
Scope of the Victimological Examination	p. 79
The Iter Victimae-The Path to Victimization	p. 85
Phases of the Iter Criminis	p. 85
Cogitation (Cogitatio)	p. 85
Preparatory Acts (Conatus Remotus)	p. 86
Beginning of Execution (Conatus Proximus)	p. 86
Execution (Executio)	p. 87
Consummation (Goal achieved or Consummatio)	p. 87
Attempt (Unsuccessful Crime or Conatus Proximus)	p. 87
Phases of the Iter Victimae	p. 87
Intuition (Intuito)	p. 87
Preparatory Acts (Conatus Remotus)	p. 87
Beginning of Execution (Conatus Proximus)	p. 88
Execution (Executio)	p. 88
Consummation (Consummatio) or Attempt (Unsuccessful Crime or Conatus Proximus)	p. 88
Victim/Offender Crossing Schemes	p. 88
Repeat Victimization	p. 95
Research on Repeat Victims	p. 95
Typical Incidences of Repeat Victimization	p. 96
Origin of Repeat Victimization	p. 97
Hypotheses for the Victim Precipitating or Programming the Crime	p. 101
Medical Actions	p. 108
Elimination of Life: Homicide, Euthanasia, Suicide and Assisted Suicide	p. 111
Physical Harm (Assault and Battery) and Torture	p. 113
Traffic Accidents	p. 114
Sexual Intolerance	p. 115
Theft, Robbery and Abduction	p. 120
Fraudulent Maneuvers	p. 121
Corruption and Illicit Enrichment	p. 123
Extortion and Blackmail	p. 126
Invasion of Individuality and Invasion of Privacy	p. 127
Victimological Typology: Specific Types of Victims	p. 133
The Profile of Victimization	p. 133
Specific Types of Victims	p. 133
Binyamin Mendelsohn (Israel, 1947)	p. 133
Hans Von Henting (United States, 1948)	p. 134
Henri Ellenberg (France, 1954)	p. 136
Marvin Wolfgang (United States, 1956)	p. 137
Willy Callewaert (France, 1959)	p. 137
Jean Pinatel (France, 1961)	p. 137
Luiz Jimenez de Asua (Argentina, 1961)	p. 138
Severin Versele (Belgium, 1962)	p. 138
Lola Aniyar de Castro (Venezuela, 1962)	p. 138
Torsten Sellin and Marvin Wolfgang (United States, 1964)	p. 138
Guglielmo Gulotta (Italy, 1971)	p. 139
Ezzat Fatah (Canada, 1971)	p. 139
Vasile Stanciu (France, 1975)	p. 140
Stephen Schafer (United States, 1977)	p. 141
Hilda Marchiori (Mexico, 1980)	p. 141
Elias Neuman (Argentina, 1984)	p. 141
Jacques Verin (France, 1985)	p. 142
Ivan Jakovljevic (Yugoslavia, 1985)	p. 142
Luis Rodriguez Manzanera (Mexico, 1988)	p. 142
Edmundo Oliveira (Brazil, 1989)	p. 143
Gianluigi Ponti (Italy, 1990)	p. 145
Judicial Prosecution	p. 147
Persecutio Criminis	p. 147
The Victim and the Penal Proceeding	p. 147
The Victim in Brazilian Criminal Law	p. 151
The Victim as Passive Subject	p. 151
Innocent Victimization	p. 154
Conscious Victimization	p. 154
Unconscious Victimization	p. 155
Subconscious Victimization	p. 155
Conclusion	p. 157
Bibliography	p. 159
Index	p. 167
About the Author	p. 173
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