Western Civilization: Sources, Images, and Interpretations : To 1700

by Sherman, Dennis

• ISBN13: 9780070569485
• ISBN10: 0070569487
• Edition: 4th
• Format: Paperback
• Copyright: 1995-01-01
• Publisher: McGraw-Hill College

Table of Contents

Preface	xxi
PART I CIVILIZATIONS OF THE ANCIENT WORLD
Civilizations of the Ancient Near East	3	(32)
Primary Sources
Using Primary Sources: The Laws of Hammurabi	5	(2)
The Laws of Hammurabi	7	(2)
Hymn to the Nile	9	(1)
Hymn to the Pharaoh	10	(1)
The Old Testament---Genesis and Exodus	11	(2)
The Aton Hymn and Psalm 104: The Egyptians and the Hebrews	13	(1)
Visual Sources
Using Visual Sources: The ``Royal Standard'' of Ur	14	(1)
Sumer: The ``Royal Standard'' of Ur (illustration)	15	(1)
Egyptian Wall Paintings from the Tomb of Menna (illustration)	16	(2)
The Environment and the Rise of Civilization in the Ancient Near East (maps)	18	(2)
Secondary Sources
Using Secondary Sources: The Agricultural Revolution	20	(2)
The Agricultural Revolution	22	(2)
Robert J. Braidwood
Bronze Age Cities and Civilizations	24	(2)
C. C. Lamberg-Karlovsky
Freedom in the Ancient World: Civilization in Sumer	26	(2)
Herbert J. Muller
The Intellectual Adventure of Ancient Man	28	(1)
Henri Frankfort
H. A. Frankfort
Daily Life in Ancient Egypt: The Afterlife	29	(1)
Lionel Casson
Women of Egypt and the Ancient Near East	30	(1)
Barbara S. Lesko
A History of the Jews	31	(4)
Paul Johnson
The Emergence of Greek Civilization	35	(20)
Primary Sources
Homer, The Iliad	37	(2)
A Colonization Agreement	39	(1)
Semonides of Amorgos, Poem on Women	40	(1)
Theognis of Megara, Aristocrats and Tyrants	41	(1)
Solon, Early Athens	42	(3)
Xenophon, Constitution of the Lacedaemonians	45	(2)
Visual Sources
Trade, Culture, and Colonization (photo)	47	(1)
Migration and Colonization (maps)	48	(2)
Secondary Sources
The End of the Mycenaean World	50	(2)
Frank J. Frost
Greek Realities: The Homeric Epics	52	(1)
Finley Hooper
The Greek Experience: The Heroic Outlook	53	(2)
C. M. Bowra
Classical and Hellenistic Greece	55	(32)
Primary Sources
The History of the Peloponnesian War: The Historical Method	57	(2)
Thucydides
The History of the Peloponnesian War: Athens During the Golden Age	59	(2)
Thucydides
Antigone	61	(3)
Sophocles
The Republic	64	(1)
Plato
Politics	65	(3)
Aristotle
Household Management	68	(2)
Xenophon
Medicine and Magic	70	(1)
Hippocrates
Individual Happiness	71	(2)
Epicurus
Visual Sources
Education (photo)	73	(1)
The Dying Niobide: The Classical Balance (photo)	74	(1)
The Old Market Woman: Hellenistic Individualism (photo)	75	(1)
Geography and Political Configurations in Greece (map)	76	(1)
Secondary Sources
Goddesses, Whores, Wives, and Slaves: Women and Work in Athens	77	(1)
Sarah B. Pomeroy
The Greeks: Slavery	78	(2)
Anthony Andrews
The Ancient Greeks: Decline of the Polis	80	(2)
M. I. Finley
Alexander the Great	82	(2)
R. D. Milns
Greek Realities	84	(3)
Finley Hooper
The Rise of Rome	87	(18)
Primary Sources
Histories: The Roman Constitution	89	(2)
Polybius
The Education of a Roman Gentleman	91	(2)
Cicero
Menaechmi: Roman Slavery	93	(1)
Plautus
The Conspiracy of Catiline: Decline of the Republic	94	(2)
Sallust
Visual Sources
Evidence from Coins (photo)	96	(1)
The Geographic and Cultural Environment (map)	97	(2)
Secondary Sources
The Ancient City: Religious Practices	99	(1)
Fustel de Coulanges
Life and Leisure: The Roman Aristocrat	100	(2)
J. P. V. D. Balsdon
Roman Women	102	(3)
Gillian Clark
The Roman Empire and the Rise of Christianity	105	(26)
Primary Sources
Pliny the Younger, Letters: The Daily Life of a Roman Governor	107	(1)
Meditations: Ideals of an Emperor and Stoic Philosopher	108	(2)
Marcus Aurelius
Pliny the Younger and Trajan, Rome and the Early Christians	110	(2)
The Gospel According to St. Matthew	112	(2)
Epistle to the Romans	114	(1)
St. Paul
The City of God	115	(2)
St. Augustine
The Fall of Rome	117	(1)
St. Jerome
Visual Sources
Carved Gemstone: Augustus and the Empire Transformed (photo)	118	(2)
Tomb Decoration: Death and Roman Culture (photo)	120	(1)
Secondary Sources
The Roman Empire: The Place of Augustus	121	(1)
Chester G. Starr
Pagan and Christian: The Appeal of Christianity	122	(2)
E. R. Dodds
Women of the Roman Empire	124	(1)
Jo Ann McNamara
The Later Roman Empire	125	(6)
A. H. M. Jones
PART II THE MIDDLE AGES
The Early Middle Ages	131	(20)
Primary Sources
The Origins of Feudalism	133	(1)
Instructions to the Subjects of Charlemagne's Empire	134	(2)
Charlemagne
War and Conversion Under Charlemagne	136	(1)
Einhard
The Annals of Xanten, Disorder and Destruction	137	(1)
Visual Sources
Illustration from a Gospel Book: Christianity and Early Medieval Culture (illustration)	138	(2)
Painting from an Illuminated Bible: Secular and Religious Authority (illustration)	140	(1)
Contraction in the Early Middle Ages (maps)	141	(3)
Secondary Sources
Mohammed and Charlemagne: The Beginnings of Medieval Civilization	144	(1)
Henri Pirenne
The Carolingian West: The Genesis of Feudal Relationships	145	(2)
David Nicholas
An Evaluation of Feudalism	147	(1)
Daniel D. McGarry
Sanctity and Power: The Dual Pursuit of Medieval Women	148	(3)
Jo Ann McNamara
Suzanne F. Wemple
The Medieval East	151	(20)
Primary Sources
The Koran	153	(1)
Autobiography of a Muslin Scholar	154	(3)
Avicenna
The Institutes of Justinian: Byzantium and the Legacy of Roman Law	157	(2)
The Rus: Cross-Cultural Contact	159	(2)
Ibn Fadlan
Visual Sources
Manuscript Illuminations: Scenes from the Life of Muhammad (illustrations)	161	(3)
Secondary Sources
Byzantium: The Empire of New Rome	164	(1)
Cyril Mango
The Arabs in History	165	(2)
Bernard Lewis
The Islamic World	167	(2)
Albert Hourani
The Eastern Orientation of Islam	169	(2)
Peter Brown
The High Middle Ages: The Eleventh and Twelfth Centuries	171	(20)
Primary Sources
Letters: Secular and Ecclesiastical Authority	173	(1)
Pope Gregory VII
Reginald of Durham, The Life of Saint Godric: A Merchant Adventurer	174	(1)
The Art of Courtly Love	175	(1)
Andreas Capellanus
The Decretum: Medieval Women---Not in God's Image	176	(1)
Gratian
Visual Sources
The Gospel Book of Otto III: Church and State (illustration)	177	(2)
Medieval Expansion (maps)	179	(4)
Secondary Sources
Medieval Values	183	(1)
Jacques Le Goff
The Mold for Medieval Women: Social Status	184	(1)
Margaret Wade Labarge
The Merchant	185	(1)
Aron Ja. Gurevich
The Making of the Middle Ages: Serfdom	186	(1)
R. W. Southern
Feudal Society: The Psychic World of Medieval People	187	(4)
Marc Bloch
The High Middle Ages: The Crusades and the East	191	(14)
Primary Sources
Pope Urban II, The Opening of the Crusades	193	(1)
Ekkehard of Aurach, Crusaders' Motives	194	(1)
Pope Eugenius III, Inducements for the Crusades	195	(1)
Princess Anna Comnena, The Alexiad: A Byzantine View of the Crusades	196	(1)
Memoirs: European and Muslim Interactions	197	(2)
Usamah Ibn-Munqidh
Visual Sources
Conflict and Cultural Exchange (illustration)	199	(1)
Secondary Sources
The Great Significance of the Crusades	200	(1)
Henri Pirenne
The Meaning of the Middle Ages: The Crusades Minimized	201	(1)
Norman F. Cantor
Byzantine East and Latin West	202	(1)
Deno J. Geanakoplos
The Byzantine Empire: Defeat, Decline, and Resilence	203	(2)
Robert Browning
The High Middle Ages: The Thirteenth Century	205	(22)
Primary Sources
Pope Innocent III, Papal Proclamation of Supremacy	207	(1)
Archbishop Eudes of Rouen, A Church Register: Clerical Administration	208	(1)
St. Francis of Assisi, The Rule of St. Francis	209	(1)
Summa Theologica	210	(2)
St. Thomas Aquinas
Political Authority: The Emperor, the Princes, and the Towns	212	(2)
Frederick II
Decrees of the Hanseatic League	214	(1)
Ordinances of the Guild Merchants of Southampton	215	(2)
Chambermaids	217	(1)
Bartholomaeus Anglicus
Visual Sources
Medieval Life (illustration)	217	(2)
Secularization and the Medieval Knight (illustration)	219	(2)
Secondary Sources
The Outlaws of Medieval Legend: Social Rank and Injustice	221	(1)
Maurice Keen
Life in Cities: Violence and Fear	222	(2)
Jacques Rossiaud
Ecological Conditions and Demographic Change	224	(3)
David Herlihy
The Late Middle Ages	227	(28)
Primary Sources
Attack on the Papacy: The Conciliar Movement	229	(1)
Manual of the Inquisitor	230	(2)
Bernard Gui
The Rebellions of 1381	232	(2)
Sir John Froissart
The Decameron: The Plague in Florence	234	(2)
Giovanni Boccaccio
Statute of Laborers	236	(1)
King Edward III
The Canterbury Tales	237	(2)
Geoffrey Chaucer
The Goodman of Paris: Instructions on Being a Good Wife	239	(2)
Visual Sources
The Church Besieged (illustration)	241	(1)
The Triumph of Death (illustration)	242	(2)
Unrest in the Late Middle Ages (map)	244	(1)
Food and Crime (chart)	245	(1)
Secondary Sources
The Crisis of the Late Middle Ages	246	(1)
Francis Oakley
The Black Death: A Socioeconomic Perspective	247	(2)
Millard Meiss
A Psychological Perspective of the Black Death	249	(6)
William L. Langer
PART III RENAISSANCE, REFORMATION, AND EXPANSION
The Renaissance	255	(18)
Primary Sources
A Letter to Boccaccio: Literary Humanism	257	(1)
Francesco Petrarch
On the Liberal Arts	258	(2)
Peter Paul Vergerio
The City of Ladies	260	(1)
Christine de Pizan
The Prince	261	(2)
Niccolo Machiavelli
Visual Sources
The School of Athens: Art and Classical Culture (illustration)	263	(1)
Raphael
Giovanni Arnolfini and His Bride: Symbolism and the Northern Renaissance (illustration)	264	(2)
Jan van Eyck
Secondary Sources
The Civilization of the Renaissance in Italy	266	(1)
Jacob Burckhardt
The Myth of the Renaissance	267	(1)
Peter Burke
Machiavelli and the Renaissance	268	(2)
Federico Chabod
Northern Sources of the Renaissance	270	(3)
Carles G. Nauert
The Reformation	273	(24)
Primary Sources
The Spark for the Reformation: Indulgences	275	(1)
Johann Tetzel
Justification by Faith	276	(1)
Martin Luther
On the Bondage of the Will	277	(1)
Martin Luther
Condemnation of Peasant Revolt	278	(2)
Martin Luther
Institutes of the Christian Religion: Predestination	280	(1)
John Calvin
Constitution of the Society of Jesus	281	(1)
Teresa of Avila, The Way of Perfection	282	(2)
Visual Sources
Luther and the New Testament (illustration)	284	(1)
Loyola and Catholic Reform (illustration)	284	(3)
Peter Paul Rubens
Secondary Sources
What Was the Reformation?	287	(1)
Euan Cameron
A Political Interpretation of the Reformation	288	(1)
G. R. Elton
The Catholic Reformation	289	(3)
John C. Olin
The Legacy of the Reformation	292	(1)
Steven E. Ozment
Women in the Reformation	293	(4)
Marilyn J. Boxer
Jean H. Quataert
Overseas Expansion and New Politics	297	(20)
Primary Sources
The Chronicle of the Discovery and Conquest of Guinea	299	(2)
Gomes Eannes de Azurara
Letter to Lord Sanchez, 1493	301	(2)
Christopher Columbus
Letter to Charles V: Finance and Politics	303	(1)
Jacob Fugger
Visual Sources
The Assets and Liabilities of Empire (text and illustration)	304	(1)
Frans Fracken II
Exploration, Expansion, and Politics (maps)	305	(3)
Secondary Sources
The Expansion of Europe	308	(1)
Richard B. Reed
The Effects of Expansion on the Non-European World	309	(3)
Charles V	312	(5)
G. R. Elton
PART IV THE EARLY MODERN PERIOD
War and Revolution: 1560-1660	317	(22)
Primary Sources
Civil War in France	319	(1)
Ogier Ghiselin de Busecq
Political Will and Testament	320	(1)
Richelieu
Archbishop of Salzburg, Mandate: Religious Persecution in Austria	321	(1)
Wolf Dietrich
The Powers of the Monarch in England	322	(1)
James I
The House of Commons, The Powers of Parliament in England	323	(2)
Visual Sources
War and Violence (illustration)	325	(1)
Jan Brueghel
Sebastien Vrancx
Leviathan: Political Order and Political Theory (text and illustration)	326	(3)
Thomas Hobbes
Germany and the Thirty Years' War (maps)	329	(2)
Secondary Sources
A Political Interpretation of the Thirty Years' War	331	(1)
Hajo Holborn
A Religious Interpretation of the Thirty Years' War	332	(2)
Carl J. Friedrich
The Causes of the English Civil War	334	(2)
Conrad Russell
The Devil's Handmaid: Women in the Age of Reformations	336	(3)
William Monter
Aristocracy and Absolutism in the Seventeenth Century	339	(18)
Primary Sources
Austria Over All If She Only Will: Mercantilism	341	(2)
Philipp W. von Hornick
The Great Elector, A Secret Letter: Monarchical Authority in Prussia	343	(1)
Frederick William
Memoires: The Aristocracy Undermined in France	344	(2)
Saint-Simon
Second Treatise of Civil Government: Legislative Power	346	(1)
John Locke
Visual Sources
The Early Modern Chateau (photo)	347	(2)
Maternal Care (illustration)	349	(1)
Pieter de Hooch
Secondary Sources
Absolutism: Myth and Reality	350	(1)
G. Durand
The English Revolution, 1688-1689	351	(1)
George Macaulay Trevelyan
Centuries of Childhood	352	(1)
Philippe Aries
The World We Have Lost: The Early Modern Family	353	(4)
Peter Laslett
The Scientific Revolution	357	(13)
Primary Sources
The Discourse on Method	359	(1)
Rene Descartes
Letter to Christina of Tuscany: Science and Scripture	360	(1)
Galileo Galilei
The Papal Inquisition of 1633: Galileo Condemned	361	(1)
Mathematical Principles of Natural Philosophy	362	(1)
Sir Isaac Newton
Visual Sources
A Vision of the New Science (illustration)	363	(2)
Secondary Sources
Why Was Science Backward in the Middle Ages?	365	(2)
Michael Postan
Early Modern Europe: Motives for the Scientific Revolution	367	(1)
Sir George Clark
The Scientific Role: A Sociocultural Interpretation of the Scientific Revolution	368	(2)
Joseph Ben-David
No Scientific Revolution for Women	370
Bonnie S. Anderson
Judith P. Zinsser